Multi Objective Optimization of Joining Dissimilar AA5083& AA6061 Alloys Using Friction Stir Welding- Integrated Taguchi and Grey Systems Approach

Abstract:

In this study, multi objective optimization for improving the joining characteristics of dissimilar AA5083-AA6061 alloys during FSW has been presented. Tool rotational speed, feed and tilt angle are the input parameters whereas tensile strength and hardness are the responses. Experiments are planned and conducted as per Taguchi L₉ orthogonal array. Main effects plot and contour plot discloses the parametric influence over the responses. Hybrid GRA and PCA were deployed as tools to perform multi objective optimization. Results pointed out the fact that tilt angle played vital role in affecting the responses followed by feed and tool rotational speed. The optimum parametric settings obtained are speed 710 rpm, Feed 50 mm/rev, and Tilt angle 2^o.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 978)
• Pages: 133-139
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.978.133
• Online since: February 2020
• Authors: B. Ravi Sankar, P. Umamaheswarrao*, K. Rajasekhara Babu, M. Pardhasaradhi
• Keywords: Friction Stir Welding (FSW), GRA, Grey Relational Grade, Hardness, PCA, Tensile Strength

References

[1] R.S. Mishra, Z.Y. Ma, Materials Science Engineering, R50 (2005) 1-78.

[2] S.Ramesh Babu, P. Karthik, S. Karthik, S. Arun Kumar, Joel Morris, Optimization of Process Parameters during Friction Stir Welding of dissimilar Aluminium Alloys (AA 5083 & AA 6061) using Taguchi L9 Orthogonal Array, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 592-594 (2014) 630-635.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.630

[3] H.A.D Hamid, A.A. Roslee, Study the Role of Friction Stir Welding Tilt Angle on Microstructure and Hardness, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 799-800 (2015) 434-438.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.434

[4] Masoud Ahmadnia, Saeid Shahraki, Mojtaba Ahmadi Kamarposhti, Experimental studies on optimized mechanical properties while dissimilar joining AA6061 and AA5010 in a friction stir welding process, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, DOI 10.1007/s00170-016-8636-y.

DOI: 10.1007/s00170-016-8636-y

[5] M. Nourani, A.S. Milani, S.Yannacopoulos, Taguchi Optimization of Process Parameters in Friction Stir Welding of 6061 Aluminum Alloy: A Review and Case Study, Engineering, 3 (2011) 144-155.

DOI: 10.4236/eng.2011.32017

[6] Sanjay Kumar, Sudhir Kumar, Ajay Kumar, Optimization of process parameters for friction stir welding of joining A6061 and A6082 alloys by Taguchi method, Proceedings of IMechE Part C: J Mechanical Engineering Science, 227(6) (2012) 1150–1163.

DOI: 10.1177/0954406212459448

[7] Sumit Jain, Neeraj Sharma, Rajat Gupta, Dissimilar alloys (AA6082/AA5083) joining by FSW and parametric optimization using Taguchi, grey relational and weight method, Engineering Solid Mechanics, (2018) 51-66.

DOI: 10.5267/j.esm.2017.10.003

[8] B. Ravi Sankar, P. Umamaheswarrao, Optimisation of hardness and tensile strength of friction stir welded AA6061 alloy using response surface methodology coupled with grey relational analysis and principle component analysis, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 7(4) (2015) 21-29.

DOI: 10.4314/ijest.v7i4.3

[9] B. Ravi Sankar, P. Umamaheswarrao, Modelling and Optimisation of Friction Stir Welding on AA6061 Alloy, Materials Today Proceedings, 4 (2017) 7448–7456.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.07.076

[10] B. Ravi Sankar, P. Umamaheswarrao, Experimental investigations on hardness and tensile strength of friction stir welded joint on AA6061 alloy, Proceedings of International Conference on Industrial, Mechanical and Production Engineering: Advancements and Current Trends, MANIT, Bhopal, 1 (2014) 199-204.

DOI: 10.4314/ijest.v7i4.3

[11] G. Ugrasen, G. Bharath, G. Kishore Kumar, R. Sagar, P.R. Shivu, R. Keshavamurthy, Optimization of Process Parameters for Al6061-Al7075 alloys in Friction Stir Welding using Taguchi's Technique, Materials Today Proceedings, 5 (2018) 3027–3035.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.01.103

[12] K. Ravichandra, B.Ravi Sankar, P.Umamaheswarrao, K. Suresh kumar, G. J. Deva Sundar, J. Narendra Babu, K. Surendra, Optimization of Process Parameters during Friction Stir Welding of AA6061 using Hybrid GRA-PCA, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing & Automation (INCAMA 2018) Apr 5-6, organized by School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil (2018).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.818.87

[13] B.Ravi Sankar, P.Umamaheswarrao, Optimisation of Friction Stir Welding on AA6061 Alloy Using Response Surface Methodology Coupled With Grey Relational Analysis And Entropy Method, Proceedings of International Conference on Advances in Production and Industrial Engineering (INCAPIE 2015), NIT Trichy, Feb 20-21, (2015) 198-203.

DOI: 10.4314/ijest.v7i4.3

[14] M. Gupta, S. Kumar, Multi-objective optimization of cutting parameters in turning using grey relational analysis, International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, 4 (2013) 547–558.

DOI: 10.5267/j.ijiec.2013.06.001

[15] P.Wang, P. Meng, J.Y. Zhai, Zhou-Quan Zhu, A hybrid method using experiment design and grey relational analysis for multiple criteria decision making problems, Knowledge-Based Systems, 53 (2013) 100–107.

DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2013.08.025

[16] R. Ramanujam, N. Muthukrishnan, R. Raju, Optimization of Cutting Parameters for Turning Al-Sic(10p) MMC Using ANOVA and Grey Relational Analysis, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 12 (2011) 651–656.

DOI: 10.1007/s12541-011-0084-x

[17] N.Senthilkumar, T.Tamizharasan, V.Anandakrishnan, An hybrid Taguchi-grey relational technique and cuckoo search algorithm for multi-criteria optimization in hard turning of AISI D3 Steel, Journal of Advanced Engineering Research, 1 (2014) 16–31.

[18] K. Pearson, On lines and planes of closest fit RO systems of points in space, Philosophical Magazine, 2 (1901) 559-572.

DOI: 10.1080/14786440109462720

[19] H. Hotelling, Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components, Journal of Educational Psychology, 24 (1993) 417–441.

DOI: 10.1037/h0071325

[20] Deng, J.L. Introduction to Grey system, Journal of Grey System, 1 (1989) 1–24.