Assessing Energy Efficiency of High Pressure Regenerative Feedwater Heaters in a Heating Unit of a Cogeneration Plant

Abstract:

Broadly understood technological progress, growth of the world's population and striving of individual countries for economic growth cause increased demand for energy. That energy is mainly obtained conventionally, from mineral fuels [16]. Limited fuel resources and high demand for fuels, which accompanies the increased demand for energy, result in continuous growth of fuel prices and, what it involves, the price of energy [6,16]. Another effect of the increased production of energy results is also the increased emission of combustion products which are harmful for the natural environment, mainly CO₂ and NO_x [6,9,10,]. Because of the above-mentioned factors, the importance of the assessment of energy efficiency, at the stage of energy production, distribution and end use as well as the problem of environmental protection gain more and more importance [4,5,15]. The idea of energy efficiency lies not only in energy conservation but also in finding ways for the present activities of producers and consumers to require reduced demand for primary energy expressed in tonnes of oil equivalent [3,7,13,14,17,19,21]. Energy companies must therefore respect a number of legal regulations concerning energy efficiency and environmental protection [3,4,5,15]. An energy company such as a cogeneration plant may achieve an improvement of energy efficiency mainly as a result of energy cogeneration itself but also as a result of improving the efficiency of internal processes (energy transformations) in the producing unit (in this case heating unit). Ensuring the maximum possible energy efficiency of the internal processes within the heating unit requires performing constant assessment of the entire unit and its components [7,11,12,13]. Even though energy cogeneration has been in use for a long time now [7,12,21], the problem of conducting a running energy efficiency assessment of the components of the heating unit still remains open [12].

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 236)
• Pages: 14-25
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.236.14
• Online since: July 2015
• Authors: Bogdan Pojawa*
• Keywords: Cogeneration Plant, Energy Efficiency, Heating Unit, Regenerative Feedwater Heater

References

[1] Adamkiewicz A, Valishin A., Discussion and studies of the properties of a cooling water additive preventing erosive wear of cooled surfaces of ship diesel engines. Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability 2014, 16 (4), 565–570.

[2] Chen X. Xu R.Q. Shen Z.H. Lu J. Ni X.W., Optical investigation of cavitation erosion by laser-induced bubble collapse. Optics and Laser Technology 2004, 36(3), 197-203.

DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2003.08.004

[3] Communication from The Commission to The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and The Committee of The Regions Energy Efficiency Plan 2011, Brussels (2011).

[4] Communication from The Commission to The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and The Committee of The Regions Energy Roadmap 2050, Brussels (2011).

[5] Directive 2006/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 on energy end-use efficiency and energy services.

[6] Eurostat Pocketbooks 2011 edition Energy, transport and environment indicators, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, (2011).

[7] Flynn D. (eds. )., Thermal Power Plants -Simulation and Control. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, London (2000).

[8] Łabanowski J, Głowacka M., Eksploatacyjne uszkodzenia stali austenitycznych w urządzeniach energetycznych. Przegląd Spawalnictwa 2010, 12, 3-9.

[9] Piaseczny L., Kniaziewicz T., Merkisz J., Stochastic models of emission of toxic compounds in marine engines exhaust. Journal of Polish CIMAC (2008).

[10] Piaseczny L., Kniaziewicz T., Modeling the Emission and Dispersion of Toxic Compounds in Marine Engine Exhaust in the Gdansk Bay Region. Polish J. of Environmental Studies (2009).

[11] Pojawa B., The energetic diagnostics of naval propulsion system with naval gas turbine. Combustion Engines, No. 3/2011 (146), Bielsko-Biala (2011).

[12] Pojawa B. Strumski P., Ocena efektywności energetycznej podgrzewaczy regeneracyjnych wysokoprężnych bloku ciepłowniczego elektrociepłowni. Rynek Energii 2012, 6 (103), 27-33.

[13] Pojawa B., Drawing up the energy balance for the needs of assessing the energy efficiency of marine power plant. Journal of POLISH CIMAC, Vol. 9, No 2, (2014).

[14] Pojawa B., Termodynamika cz. 1. Wydawnictwo AMW, Gdynia (2015).

[15] Polish Act on Energy Efficiencyof 15th April, 2011 (Dziennik Ustaw [Journal of Laws] from 2011, No. 94, Item 551).

[16] Publication of the Institute for Market Economy based on the data from the report: Europe's current and future energy position. Demand–resources–investments, 2008, Commission Staff Working Document, EC, COM (2008) 744, Brussels.

[17] Pudlik W., Termodynamika. Ed. PG, Gdańsk (1998).

[18] Sun Z. Kang X.Q. Wang X.H., Experimental system of cavitation erosion with water-jet. Materials and Design 2005, 26(1), 59-63.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.04.003

[19] Szargut J., Termodynamika. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa (1998).

[20] Yangzeng Z. Tianfu J. Mei Y. Wantang F., Structural changes after cavitation erosion for a Cr-Mn-N stainless steel. Wear 1997, 205, 28-31.

DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1648(96)07262-6

[21] Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles., Termodynamics fifth edition in SI units. McGraw−Hill Higher Education, New York (2006).

[22] Wierzbicki S. Mikulski M. Pietak A., Zero-dimensional 2-phase combustion model in a dual-fuel compression ignition engine fed with gaseous fuel and a divided diesel fuel charge. Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc – Maintenance and Reliability 2015, 17 (1), 42-48.

DOI: 10.17531/ein.2015.1.6

[23] Technical documentation of PWU–300/250 (WP2) and PWU–250/210 (WP1) regenerative heaters.

[24] http: /www. infomine. com/investment/metal-prices/coal.