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The structure and dielectric constant of the hybrid and porous films were characterized by FTIR,SEM.
To over come these drawbacks,polymer structure modification is necessary.
Spectra (Fig. 1b) verified the presenceof the Si-O-Si stretching band, ranging from 1000 to1100 cm_1, which is associated with open chain structures, as well as a silanol stretching band, Si-OH, which occurs from1020 to 1040 cm_1.
The FTIR spectra of porous film(Fig. 1c) is similar to pure polyimide (Fig. 1a), which confirmedthat the presence of only polyimide in porous film and made aconclusion that the silica has been removed completely from thehybrid film and the structure of PI has not been affected afterchemical treatment by HF acid.
References [1] E P Giannelis: Appl Organomet Chem, Vol.12(1998), p. 675 [2] M S Biswas:Adv Polym Sci, Vol.155(2001), p.167 [3] Y H Zhang, Z M Dang and S Y Fu: Chem Phys Lett, Vol.401(2005), p. 553 [4] Y H Zhang, S G Lu and Y Q Li: Advanced Materials, Vol.17 (2005) , p. 1056 [5] Y H Zhang, YQ Li and G T Li: Chemistry of Materials, Vol.19(2007), p. 1939 [6] Y H Zhang, SM Ke, H.Huang, HLW Chan: Applied Physics Letters, 2008,92:052910

Equilibrium mass action concentrations of each structure unit were gained.
Equilibrium mass action concentrations of each structure unit were gained.
The symbols of the mass action concentrations for all structure units were listed as following: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,,.
(4) The model can well reflect the structure units of CaO-MnO-FeO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 hexabasic slags, and is a reasonable thermodynamic calculation model.
Turkdogan: Physical Chemistry of High Temperature Technology (Academic Press Inc, New York, NY 1980)

Normal X-ray diffraction (NXRD) was also employed to investigate the average structure.
This implied that the variation of crystalline structure of PSMO/LCMO film occurred due to interdiffusion.
Atomic force microscopy image of PSMO/LCMO film on (001) STO substrate In order to study the influence of interdiffusion on crystalline structure, normal X-ray diffraction (NXRD) was also employed to investigate the average structure.
In a word, the variation of crystalline structure of PSMO/LCMO film occurred due to interdiffusion.
Salamon, Nanoscale magnetic structure of ferromagnet/antiferromagnet manganite multilayers, Phys.

Digital microfluidics chips used in the manipulation and control of droplets have a wide range of important applications in the biology, medicine and chemistry.
The digital microfluidics chips have two structures: unipolar plate and bipolar plate.
It has some advantages in the structure and process.
Indeed, they affect the structure and activity of cell, protein and DNA carried by micro-droplet.
The structure of digital microfluidic chip is designed based on the MEMS fabrication.

The crystalline structure, morphology of particles and electrochemical performances of the sample were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, charge-discharge test and cyclic voltammetry.
The results show that the small LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4 particles are simple pure olive-type phase structure with uniformly distribution of gain size.
The crystal structure, morphology of particles, and electrochemical performances were also studied.
The crystallographic structure of the cathode powders was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Siemens D-500) with Cu Kα radiation.
The crystal structure of the cathode material particles were of an ordered olivine structure indexed by orthorhombic Pnmb and the particle size distribution was of uniform size less than 1μm.

The samples were studied in order to investigate their structure and the relations between the microstructure and in-situ behavior.
Rectangular samples were prepared (10x10x100) for the study of resilience and influence of cooling rate on the structure, formed in classic moulding sand.
In the case of alloy B, microalloyed with Mo, in Fig. 4 is presented the ledeburitic structure with eutectic chromium carbides M7C3 types, which are tougher and less brittle than cementite.
After the thermal treatment of alloy B, it was obtained a typical eutectic ledeburitic structure consisting of carbides and pearlite, as seen in figure 5 a, b.
%Cr high chromium cast irons, Materials Chemistry and Physics 125 (2011) 739–748

Introduction The crystalline state of zinc oxide is a single and stable hexagonal wurtzite structure, belonging to the hexagonal system, whose space group is .
The process flow is shown in Figure 1. 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Impact of Doping on the Crystal Structure of Nanorod Arrays In order to study the impact of Al-doping on the crystal structure of nanorod arrays, we prepared several kinds of ZAO nano-array films which are doped respectively with 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% of Al and conducted XRD analysis of the structures of these ZAO nano-array films with different Al-doping proportion, among which the structure of ZAO nano-array films doped with 5% of aluminum is shown in Figure 2.
ZAO has the hexagonal wurtzite-type ZnO structure, for all the diffraction peaks in the figure are fully consistent with the standard PDF card of hexagonal wurtzite-type ZnO, a small amount of Al causing no changes in the crystal structure of ZnO.
This indicates that polyethyleneimine is helpful in promoting rod-like growth of ZAO nano-structures.
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2006, 110: 20263-20267

Comparison of Luminescent Properties in Solid-State and Polymer Films of Eu(III) Complexes Containing 2-Acylindandione Ligands Ilze Malinaa*, Valdis Kamparsb Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P.
Conclusions Newly synthesized Eu(III) complexes with structures Eu(BID)3(PHEN) and Eu(MBID)3(PHEN) are reported.
Structures of complexes are proven with elemental analysis, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy.
Efficient red emission from PMMA films doped with 5,6-DTFI europium(III) complexes: synthesis, structure and photophysical properties.
Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 35, Elsevier, North Holland, 2005

In this experiment we use tinidazole as inhibitor, the structure of tinidazole is showed in Fig.1.
Geometric structures and electronic properties of tinidazole applied as inhibitors were calculated with Hyperchem7.5 semi-empirical program using AM1 method.
Fig.6. shows the optimized molecular structure and the frontier molecular orbital density distribution of tinidazole.
Quantum chemical calculation has been used to find the optimal group of parameters that might predict the structure and molecule suitability to be an inhibitor.
Jamal: Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2001. 71(3): p. 309-313

Discussion on the Synergy Mechanism of Diversified Coal Enterprises1 SUN Ximin1, LUO Xi2 1,2Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, School of Management, Xi'an, 710055, China Key Words: Coal Enterprises; Diversification; Industry Synergy; Mechanism model; Grounded Theory Abstract: Taking the example of a Coal & Chemistry Industry Group and aiming at the problems like unclear industry synergy motivation, path and target of China’s Diversified large coal enterprise groups, a case study is used to analyze the synergy mechanism of its diversified industries through the research procedure of open coding, selective coding, axial coding, the test of the theory saturation.
Corporate Diversification, Ownership Structure, and Firm Value: The Singapore Evidence[J].