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Although some studies [6] have indicated such relationship, those relevant data have been neglected.
Experimental data show [3,6,7] that materials with larger coercivity (or smaller grain size) tend to follow an angular dependence of the coercivity similar to that given by the Stoner-Wohlfarth model [8], while materials with smaller coercivity (or with larger grain size) tend to follow an angular dependence of the coercivity similar to 1/cos θ (Kondorsky law) [9].
The reduction of magnetostatic energy due the magnetization reversal in a spherical cap with thickness x (Fig. 1) is directly proportional to the volume V of this cap [10,11].
It also should be noted that, when grain size is below the Rc, reduction of coercivity has already been attributed to thermal fluctuations [17].
The experimental values of 30 kOe and 5 kOe shown in Fig. 4 should be interpreted as "reduction" of anisotropy field, probably due to lattice defects that have their effect included by means of the non-dimensional α factor, as shown in Eq. 3.3: s s ci NM M K H −= 12α (3.3) Eq. 3.3 is a modification of Eq. 3.2 (for θ=0).

The output pattern data was compared to International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) library [10] as the reference database.
As the annealing temperature increases, a slight reduction in surface reflectance is evident.
The reduction in the surface reflectance at higher temperature is believed to be due to increased light scattering at the surface of the Al back contact that gets rougher at higher temperatures (as previously shown by Fig. 3).
Surface reflectance shows reduction (both in visible and IR regions) as the annealing temperature increases due to increased light scattering at the surface of the Al back contact that gets rougher at higher temperatures.

Characterization of Sugarcane Bagasse The sugarcane bagasse in natura was submitted to grinding in a knives mill, of the MA048 Marconi model, for the size reduction, resulting in a granulometry of 30 Mesh.
The data regarding to the amount of extractives, ashes, cellulose, hemicellulose and insoluble lignin present in the samples are found in Table 2.
Analyzing the data referring to the pretreated bagasse, it can be seen that the chemical method has provided a 40% reduction in lignin content and 43% in the content of hemicellulose.
For different varieties of sugarcane bagasse, Philippini [12] performed the pretreatment stage using the acid concentration at 2%, with temperature of 150°C and residence time of 30 min, and then sodium hydroxide at 1 %, with temperature of 100°C and the same time, and obtained an average reduction of 80 and 57% in hemicellulose and lignin, respectively.

The preparation process include following stages: (i) producing Cu-0.5%Al pre-alloyed powder by water atomization method; (ii) Oxidation of atomized Cu-Al alloy powder at approximately 900 ͦ C for 1 hour in the air; (iii) Reduction in hydrogen atmosphere at 800 ͦ C for 1 hour; (iv) Pre compacting of powder at 500Mpa in a copper can; and (v) Extruding of pre-compacted sample at 900 ͦ C in an argon atmosphere to a rod with 17 mm diameter followed by drawing to get a high density of dislocations.Tensile properties at ambient and elevated temperatures were determined in according to the standard test methods (ASTM E8M).
The reduction in area of the composite decreases rapidly with temperature increase up to 680 ͦ C and at these temperature range the elongation is about 4.3% (Fig.1 (b)).
According to tensile tests results, the features of fracture surface morphology are in agreement with test data.
It could be considered that alumina particles are distributed non-uniformly in copper matrix (in agreement with the previously published data [15]), which have negative effect on the mechanical behavior of the composite.
Rzano, Characterization of Cu–Al2O3 nano-scale composites synthesized by in situ reduction, Mater.

The reduction of the wafer substrates’ BPD density supports the goal of a BPD free epitaxial layer.
This would allow for tuning the epitaxial growth process for optimization of other epitaxial layer parameters such as thickness and doping uniformities or defect density reduction.
The data indicate that the area of high implantation damage for Ar ion implantation energies at 100 keV extend to the wafer surface.
However, after thermal annealing and the final investigation after the pre-epitaxy in-situ hydrogen etch wafer bow measurements as well as XRD spectra show measurement values almost identical to the data from the untreated wafer.
This indicates a substantial reduction of the lattice distortion in the material.

Milstein et al. [4] was one of the first who reported on the influence of weak deformations on magnetic properties of Gd polycrystalline ingot, but the thickness reduction in those experiments was weak and amounted only by 27%.
On each cycle the thickness reduction was between 20% and 30% per run to avoid heating the material.
The acquired ΔTad data for bulk samples and rolled samples are plotted against temperature in Fig.6.
It is seen that there is a good correspondence between MCE data.
The decrease of TC is observed due to a reduction of the exchange interactions with increasing nonmagnetic Y atoms concentration.

First, in scientific literature and field experience despite a multitude of researches devoted to study of the bronze casting properties, there are not any data on fatigue crack life of this material, its friction factor et cetera.
The reduction in cooling rate up to 10-20° С/s leads to the eutectoid content in the structure within the limits of 1-2%.
The data on the specified influence of cooling rate of the bronze casting on its fatigue crack life can be seen in fig. 1.
This suggested the fact that by means of cooling rate reduction the number of emerging imperfections can be reduced.
Then, on the basis of these specified criteria, the author carries out the calculation of the effectiveness of each of the criterion in order to reveal the available hidden reserves allowing reduction in both economic and technological losses.

These optimisation methods have proved their efficiency in the scheduling of real production data for a highly flexible car manufacturing assembly line (PSA Peugeot Citroën car assembly line at Vigo, Spain).
In accordance with this, and throughout this work, a warmup period of 56 hours (3360 minutes) was considered, during which the data collected were not considered for statistical purposes.
Performance of the production line based on: the speed of the intermediate buffers consisting of conveyors (loop 1, loop 2, loop 3), the proportion of four-door car bodies and the number of cars / hour The analysis of table 1 allows one to conclude that a significant drop in the speed of the intermediate buffers consisting of conveyors, as soon as specific values are reached, causes a marked reduction in the productivity of the automobile assembly line studied.
This possibility has proved to be of great importance since it allows for a reduction of the energy costs associated to the operation of the conveyors.
This possibility is proved to be of the utmost importance, since it allows a reduction in the energy costs associated with the operation of the conveyors.

Mustafa et al. (2013) [4] stated that the exposure of gamma radiation at 35 kGy dose causes the reduction of all the structural units of tellurite and borate.
Azuraida et al. (2015) [5] is also in agreement to this reasoning and confirmed by the data shown in the FTIR spectra.
Hence, the chemical bond might be ruptured or elongated and led to density reduction.
This reduction confirmed the increment in the rigidity of these glasses.
Data of atomic ring size showed that compaction also occurred during radiation as the value was found to decrease as radiation dose increased.

Extensive data on the reliability of these devices is also presented.
The high drain efficiency under near pinch-off condition clearly demonstrates that substrate and surface trapping effects previously observed in SiC MESFETs have been greatly reduced. 2 Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) The reduction of trapping was also verified by measuring drain lag under both DC and RF operation.
Fig. 2 is a histogram showing that there is essentially no reduction in pulsed IDSS when measured from a quiescent condition of VDS = 25 V, VGS = -16 V as compared to IDSS when measured from VDS = 0 V, VGS = 0 V.
In the past, devices fabricated on vanadium-doped substrates also exhibited a significant reduction in the quiescent drain current when the RF input power was abruptly turned off, and then slowly recovered to the original bias point.
However, these data indicate that the long-term reliability of the devices tested is sufficient under normal operating conditions for their intended applications.