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Data in this research indicated that BC amendment may be potential in improvement of soil properties to some extent to achieve the agricultural use.
Gomez-Eyles et al. also found that a significant reduction of available Cd and Cu and an increasing of soil pH after 2 months of BC amendment [5].
All data were expressed as means plus or minus one standard deviation.
Reduction in toxic effects of heavy metal and the availability of nutrient was affected by BC applied in soil to improve the soil physico-chemical properties such as changes in pH and SOC, and these changes influenced the microbial community suitable to thrive, which in turn influenced the enzyme activities.

These data also add support for mechanisms requiring the need for both dissociated BPD and TSD for carrot formation.
In analyzing substrate effects on epi-layers, it is important to consider reduction or enhancement of defects by the epitaxial method.
The data is organized from the crystal level, substrate and epi-wafer level, and defect level.
The Weibull threshold probability distribution function is fitted to the data, providing the parameters showing the position of the most data in the scale parameter, shape of the data, and a threshold value, for which a distribution may have a turn-on value.
Once again, the data is fitted, resulting in minimum distances to the carrot of 3 mm for BPD and 8 mm for TSD.

Because the power is generated by energy-saving units instead of high energy-consumption ones, the mechanism is conducive to achieve the objectives of energy saving and emission reduction.
As a policy risk factor under the premise of energy saving and emission reduction, generation right may lead to a series of risks especially for the participators.
In GRT market, energy saving and emission reduction generators will buy the generation right and the high energy consumption and large emission units sell their generation rights.
Based on the data in table 3, the Efficient frontier curves can be drawn as Figure 1.
Study on Optimal Generation Right Exchange Mechanism Based on Energy Saving and Emission Reduction.

The mathematical model developed using FLUENT software in almost real conditions of the process was solved and the results match well with the data resolution in the laboratory had a real case [5].
Theory and modeling problem: the issue in two cases and obtain the optimum angle of the form (in which the angular angle, with equal percentage reduction, less power is needed for extruded) for extruded sections together and form templates for the modeling and cross section be analyzed.
Percent reduction in cross section is considered.
According to the equal percentage reduction dies, curves (c), (b), (d) and (b) respectively for the minimum force need extruded billet.
Thus, using such methods can be a real industrial process with the lowest model simplification and reduction of heavy costs in the practical test design process and minimize problems in producing parts and optimizing effective step removal products.

Besides that, significant reduction in boiler operating pressure may cause the boiler circulation to be interrupted without some modification on the existing piping, tubes etc. [14].
The data was collected with initial operating pressure of 0 bar until the operating pressure was build up to 7 bar.
The reduction in heat transfer for low width ratio and high twist ratio might be due to the weakening of disturbance at the boundary layer of the air flow.
Any reduction in number of coil plates inside boiler reduced their efficiency greatly.
[14] Information on http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/tech_assistance/pdfs/steam_pressure_reduction.pdf

., Nanjing 210096, China 2 State Key Lab for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China awenmingzhang@hotmail.com, byaojunge@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: Aerodynamics, Flutter, Wind tunnel test, Full bridge aeroelastic model, Three-tower suspension bridge, Erection Abstract: As a new long-span suspension bridge with double main spans and a typical closed streamline cross-section of single box deck, the flutter performance of the Maanshan Bridge during erection was investigated via a full bridge aeroelastic model test.
As it is well known to all, flutter-type aerodynamic instability of suspension bridges is more prone to occur during the early erection stage of the deck because of the significant reduction of overall torsional stiffness in particular.
Fig.1 Elevation of Maanshan Bridge (unit: m) Fig.2 Deck cross-section (unit: mm) According to the observation data, the exponent of mean wind profile at the bridge site is about 0.12, and the basic wind speed at the bridge site (U10), namely the yearly-maximum 10-min averaged mean wind speed at 10m height corresponding to 100-year return period, is 31.8 m/s.
sequence A-V-1 A-L-1 S-L-1 A-T-1 S-T-1 1 18.2% 0.1060 － － － － 2 25.8% 0.1030 0.6046 0.6745 0.4416 0.4434 3 33.3% 0.1032 0.3395 0.3888 0.4311 0.4765 4 40.9% 0.1047 0.1471 0.1473 0.3722 0.3989 5 48.5% 0.1014 0.0895 0.0900 0.3479 0.4077 6 56.1% 0.0969 0.0941 0.0957 0.3525 0.4021 7 63.6% 0.0933 0.0901 0.0921 0.2758 0.3243 8 71.2% 0.0910 0.0842 0.0860 0.2780 0.3254 9 78.8% 0.0896 0.0790 0.0804 0.2525 0.3167 10 86.4% 0.0888 0.0750 0.0761 0.2483 0.3121 11 92.4% 0.0885 0.0731 0.0739 0.2492 0.3128 12 98.5% 0.0883 0.0743 0.0749 0.2616 0.3306 13 100% 0.0883 0.1024 0.1041 0.2819 0.3578 Note: P%–percentage of deck completion; S–symmetric, A–anti-symmetric, V–vertical, L–lateral, T–torsional Fig.3 Evolution of fundamental frequencies Note: S–symmetric, A–anti-symmetric, V–vertical, L–lateral, T–torsional Fig.4 Evolution of frequency ratio Full aeroelastic model The full bridge aeroelastic model test was carried out in the TJ-3 Wind Tunnel of the State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction
Analysis and wind tunnel study on wind-resistant performance of the Maanshan Bridge over Yangtze River—part I: wind tunnel test of sectional model, Research Report No.WT200802, State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (2008).

The concentrate is difficult to use for out-of-furnace aluminothermic manganese smelting because the heat, generated in the course of reduction reaction, does not provide effective separation of metal and slag.
Aluminothermic process of Mn3O4 reduction reaction can be described as follows: Mn3O4 + 8/3Al = 3Mn + 4/3Al2O3.
There are no data on possibility of oxidation of Mn3O4 to Mn2О3 or MnO2.
Table. 4 Technical analysis of reducing agents Reducing agent Characteristic Content [С] in working mass, % Аd (ash), % Vdaf (volatile), % Wr (wapour), % Brown coal 2B 49.1 7.83 46.76 35.3 Parabituminous coal D 55.6 5.64 43.53 15.4 Low-caking coal SS 70.02 6.4 34.3 6.4 Coke nut 84.56 9.41 1.83 3.0 Ferrum reduction from iron ore oxides were examined at reducing roasting temperatures 800 о С, 900 оС, 1000 оС, 1100 оС and 1200 °C.
Effect of physical- chemical properties of various coal grades on solid-phase reduction of ferrum from iron ore oxides was determined.

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared by chemical reduction of GO with ascorbic acid [17].
The electrical resistance change of the graphene/nylon-6 nanocomposites was monitored using a high impedance multimeter coupled to personal computer for data acquisition.
Graphene oxide prior to reduction exhibited prominent IR signal peaks at 3330 cm-1 for O-H stretching vibrations, 1740 cm-1 for C=O stretching from carbonyl and carboxylic groups , 1640 cm-1 for C=C skeletal vibration from unoxidised graphitic domain and 1227 cm-1 followed at 1041 cm-1 for C-O vibrations.
After reduction the IR peaks from GO were reduced and only C=O stretching from carbonyl group at 1653 cm-1 remains.
Vitamin C is an ideal substitute for hydrazine in the reduction of graphene oxide suspension.

XRD data were measured at room temperature from 2θ of 20° to 80° using PANalytical model X’pert3 Powder X-ray diffractometer equipped with CuKα source.
Reduction behavior of the catalyst was studied via a TPR 1100 CE Instrument equipped with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) in a temperature range of 30 - 800ºC, using 5 vol.% H2/N2 gas mixture.
A broad reduction peak at 267°C and 245ºC was obtained for CZA and CZC, respectively, referring to a single stepwise reduction pattern of Cu2+→Cu+→Cu0 [9].
A lower reduction temperature was observed for Cu/ZnO on the CNTs compared to that of Al2O3 support, suggesting improved reducibility of the catalyst.

The data obtained were used to create a three-dimensional computer-based reconstruction of the solidified drops, allowing to measure the wetting angle on any desired side of the sample.
An increase of the temperature caused a reduction in the values of the wetting angles of both alloys, as can be seen in Fig. 1.
Similarly, the mean angle of the CuSnTi-alloy changes from approx. 17° to 4°, but the main reduction step does not occur until temperatures above 900°C.
The most noticeable change is the reduction of the silver-amount above 890°C, which leads to significant changes of the microstructure of the alloys.
An increase of the temperature, while holding the other parameters constant, leads to a reduction of the wetting angle for both alloys.