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The permeability of materials composed of tiny grains decreases more slowly with the increase of DC-bias superposition due to the absence of the domain walls in the grain.
The NiCuZn ferrites are recognized as the most ideal materials to manufacture multilayer inductors [2].
A Study of planar inductor, International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Vol.168(1997), p.285-291 [3] Su, H.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials.

Ionic Polymer Composite Material (IPMC) is a flexible material and has concealed many benefits to inspire the scientists and researchers to explore its physiognomies for real-world applications in various fields.
Many researchers have worked on the application side of the material.
Kim, “Ionic Polymer metal composites: Industrial and medical applications IV”, “Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 14, pp. 197-214, 2005
[3] Muhammad Farid et. al, “Forward Kinematic modeling and simulation of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) actuators for bionic knee joint” Advanced Materials Research Vols. 889-890 (2014) pp. 938-941
[5] Muhammad Farid et. al,“ Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) Actuated Manipulator”, Journal of Applied Science, Issue 11, Vol. 14, 2014.

The SEM and EDX analyses showed that surface films containing Ca and P (along with the other atoms present in the materials) were formed on all materials.
Thus all the tested materials showed signs of in vitro bioactivity.
Buggy: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 14(2003) 923-938. 2.
Hermansson: Key Engineering Materials Vols. 254-256 (2004), 265-268 3.
Kim: Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 7 (2003) 289-299. 5.

Materials & Design Vol. 30(2009), p.1697 [4] S.K.
Transactions of materials and heat treatment Vol. 25(2004), p. 79 [5] J.Z.
Journal of jiangsu university(Natural science edition) Vol.27(2006), p.207 [6] Z.X.
Journal of Aeronautical Material Vol. 16(1996), p.32 [7] M.S.
International Journal of Plasticity Vol.2 (2004), p.1875

Acknowledgments This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51205298 and No.51475345), the Open Fund Project of State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (No.P2015-01), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2014M552096) .
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1998, s 80–81(98):517-523
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2013, 213(6):856–863
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2002, 123(1):67-70
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2005, 168(1):181-183

Frontiers of Materials Science, 2012. 6(2): p. 128-141
Journal of Materials Science, 2008. 43(7): p. 2085-2103
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2020. 31: p. 11352-11365
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2021: p. 1-8
Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2020. 255: p. 114529

Formation of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Layer with Compositional Gradient Processed by Directed Energy Deposition Yorihiro YAMASHITA1,a*, Yoshinori FUNADA1,b, Takahiro KUNIMINE2,c, Yuji SATO3,d and Masahiro TSUKAMOTO3,e 1Industrial Research Institute of Ishikawa, Kuratsuki 2-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8203, Japan 2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan 3Department of Laser Materials Processing, Research Division of Materials Joining Process, Joining & Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 11-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan ayorihiro@irii.jp, bfunada@irii.jp, ckunimine@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp, dsato@jwri.osaka-u.ac.jp, etukamoto@jwri.osaka-u.ac.jp Keywords: Directed Energy Deposition (DED), Cemented Tungsten Carbide, Crack, Additive Manufacturing (AM), Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs), Multi Beam Laser.
However, they are expensive materials, so there is a problem that the cost of manufacturing dies and jigs is high.
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are considered useful for solving problems caused by differences in material properties [4].
[2] J.Nurminen, J.Nakki and P.Vuoristo, Microstructure and properties of hard and wear resistant MMC coatings deposited by laser cladding, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 27, 472-478 (2009)
Jande, C.M.Tekin, Manufacturing of functionally graded porous products by selective laser sintering, Materials Science Forum Vols.631-632 (2010) 253-258

Inoue, Materials Transactions, Vol. 45 (2004), p.1672
Seki, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol. 56 (2007), p.229
Yoshioka, Materials Science Forum, Vol. 561-565 (2007), p.1279
Kim, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol. 59 (2010), p.104
Tokuda, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol. 59 (2010), p.110

Balela2,d 1Department of Engineering Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 2Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 3Industrial Technology Development Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines aceaquino@up.edu.ph, bsborgen@up.edu.ph, cdalemhar.alfeche@gmail.com, dmlbalela1@up.edu.ph Keywords: ZnO, thermal oxidation, simonkolleite, Mn-doped ZnO.
Cortie, Zinc oxide particles: Synthesis, properties and applications, Chemical Engineering Journal 185-186 (2012), 1-22
Sampaio, et al., Ag-loaded ZnO materials for photocatalytic water treatment, Chemical Engineering Journal, 318 (2017), 95-102
Balela, Synthesis of Hematite (α-Fe2O3) Nanostructures by Thermal Oxidation of Iron Sheet for Cr (VI) Adsorption, Key Engineering Materials 775 (2018), 395-401
Shams, The Influence of Zn2+ Ions Substitution on the Microstructure and Transport Properties of Mn-Zn Nanoferrites, Materials Sciences and Applications 05, no. 13 (2014), 932-942

Non-uniformly polarized piezoceramic materials can be used in effective energy harvesting devices.
Mathematical Model Let us examine a piezoelectric transducer Ω, presented by a set of areas Ωj = Ωpk; k = 1, 2,..., Np; j = k with the properties of piezoelectric materials, and a set of areas Ωj = Ωem; m = 1,2,...
,Ne; j = Np + m with the properties of elastic materials.
Comparison Between Applied Theory and Finite Element Method for Energy Harvesting Non-homogeneous Piezoelements Modeling. // Advanced Materials Techniques, Physics, Mechanics and Applications.
Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 42(1), 2001, 164-168