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Under basic conditions, the polymer undergoes deprotonation and assumes a neutral structure.
The inner structures of the PS fibers consisted of many nanopores, several tens of nanometers in size, as shown in the cross-sectional images.
The surface chemistry of the nanofibers was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS).
Functional surface with azido groups of said nanofibers were gained through reaction of vinylbenzyl chloride and sodium azide (NaN3), after that the alkyne-terminated azobenzene was bonded to the surface by click chemistry reaction.
It is also the focus on facilateing structure-property relationship [66], easy preparation and super-sensitive character.

The HRTEM image confirms the spherical core-shell structure and SiO2 small particles embedded on the TCM core structure.
Some of the core-shell structure has many small particles around it.
It could also suggest that the commercial dye may contain an irregular nucleated structure and sphere structure where all the crystallites are roughly symmetric.
[7] Nassau K., The Physics and Chemistry of Color: The Fifteen Causes of Color, 2nd Edition, by Kurt Nassau, pp. 496.
Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 5(32), (2017), 8169-8178

Micro- and macro-scale thermomechanical modelling of bulk deformation in early-age cement-based materials Jiří Vala1,a, Stanislav Šťastník1,b and Vladislav Kozák2,c 1Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Veveří 95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic 2Institute of Physics of Material, AS CR, Žižkova 22, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic avala.j@fce.vutbr.cz, bstastnik.s@ fce.vutbr.cz, ckozak@ipm.cz Keywords: cement-based composites, early-age massive concrete structures, hygro-thermo-chemo-mechanical modelling, scale bridging.
Final user properties of concrete and other silicate composite structures are conditioned by their early-age history.
Introduction Over the past few decades a number of studies try to develop a computational model of hygro-thermo-chemo-mechanical behaviour of cement-based composites where the cement particles, activated by water, make the structure of cement paste matrix.
However, the following example documents a preliminary result of numerical simulation of the time-variable distribution of temperature during the creation and hardening of the experimental monolithic reinforced-concrete segment of a tunnel structure in Prague.
Noguchi: 12th International Congress of the Chemistry of Cement (2007), TH1-08.3, 1-12

Photolithography is expensive; it cannot be easily applied to nonplanar surfaces; it tolerates little variation in the materials that can be used; and it provides almost no control over the chemistry of patterned surfaces, especially when complex organic functional groups of the sorts needed in chemistry, biochemistry, and biology are involved.
It can be an attractive technology for microfabrication having a complex cross-sectional shape because the process can fabricate real 3D structures in a layer-by-layer method.
In order to create a 3D structure, a two-dimensional slicing shape (slice data) of the desired 3D data should be acquired.
It is impossible to replicate a real 3D structure using a non-elastic mold such as a brittle polymer or metal.
Besides silicone rubber, polymers having a carbon backbone in their molecular structure are widely used in various industries as elastomeric materials.

Fig.1a depicted a simulation (made with Diamond 3.1 software) of the SrLaAlO4, which contains AlO6 octahedron structures as seen in the gray substructures.
Fig. 1. a) Crystalline visualization of the pure tetragonal SrLaAlO4 structure.
Min, Preparation, structure, luminescence properties of terbium doped perovskite – structure green emitting phosphors SrLaAlO4:Tb3+.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry 123 (2019) 14639 -14646
Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22 (2012) 21935.

Tunability of magnetism could be achieved through defects in the hexagonal graphene structure or the effect of impurity atoms on the rGO structure.
The prepared samples will be characterized to study their structure, the presence of Na in the rGO and related magnetic properties.
We used NaOH as a source of Na ions which will be inserted into the rGO structure.
Insertion of Na into the hexagonal structure of graphene will probably deteriorate or disturb the carbon bonding to create defect.
Abbasi, Synthesis route of reduced graphene oxide via thermal reduction of chemically exfoliated graphene oxide, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 204 (2018) 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.10.020

Based on these chemical structures, a new type of peanut shell-based porous material (PPS) different from traditional activated carbon was obtained by referring to the preparation principle of Metal-Organic Framworks and other porous materials [15-21].
Figure 4(d) provided the pore sizes of PPS-1~3, which were mainly distributed between 2-40 nm, indicating the pore structure was mainly mesoporous.
The reasons were as follows: when the cigarette mainstream smoke passed through PPS, the porous structure of PPS was beneficial to increase the contact time of HCN and PPS.
[16] H L Guo, Y Z Zhu, S Wang, et al., Combining Coordination Modulation with Acid–Base Adjustment for the Control over Size of Metal–Organic Frameworks, Chemistry of Materials. 24 (2012) 444-450
[26] G Wulfsberg, Inorganic Chemistry, University Science Books (2000).

OPVs are structured such that a photo active layer is inserted between indium tin oxide (ITO) and a metallic material.
The photo active layer uses either a bi-layer or a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) structure.
Thus, study is being actively carried out to synthesize an electron donor material with a D-A structure composed of electron-rich and electron-deficient units, and to apply such materials to OPVs.
Photovoltaic cell device fabrication. : Photovoltaic cell device was fabricated with a structure of glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:PC71BM (weight ratio=1:3)/LiF/Al.
Park: Accepted to Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, (2012), in press

The surface structure characterization confirmed that the Pd NC has a THH shape with an average size of 61 nm.
Synthesis methods can make a difference in controlling the particle size, compositional distribution, morphology, shape, surface structure and dispersion of the metal particles, which further affect the electrochemical performance.
Furthermore, in situ SERS is also considered an effective research approach to analyze molecule structure information, so it will be widely used in mechanism studies of EOR on Pd-based electrocatalyst in the near future.
Khatmi: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B Vol. 110 (2006), p. 383 [30] S.
Geng: Chemistry — A European Journal Vol. 19 (2013), p. 240 [31] N.

Tantirungrotechai1,d 1National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok Thailand awiwaporn@nanotec.or.th, bthewikab@gmail.com, cuwichai@hotmail.com, dyuthana@nanotec.or.th Keywords: Universal base, Carbazole, DNA, MD simulations, AMBER Abstract.
Experimental Procedure The starting structure of B-form 15-mers DNA duplex (see Scheme 1) was generated using the NUCGEN module of AMBER software [6] and modified by the universal nucleobase at the 8th position (denoted as X) in the first strand.
Results and Discussion Fig. 1 depicts the averaged structures (top view) of central three base pairs of DNA duplex with DNC unit against A, C, G and T.
The averaged structures of three middle base pairs of DNC-incorporated DNA duplexes.
Because the molecular structure of NCC consists of both cyano and nitro groups, the averaged rG when pairing with purine and pyrimidine bases was in the opposite trend from those of DNA containing CBZ, DCC and DNC bases.