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Online since: March 2012
Authors: Ya Qin Li, Cao Yuan
It has been proposed by Chandran et al. in 1998 [1], and has become the basis for a lot of subsequent work in this area.
(5) The flow sheet of algorithms is presented in Fig.1.
Update Window Figure. 1.
References [1] K.
In ICDCS ’98: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pages 472–479, May 1998
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Nangkula Utaberta, Yong Seng Toong
These pre-war shophouses’ in Chinatown area have significantly witnesses the Kuala Lumpur city’s developments, symbolises cultural and heritage of the locality which is unique to KLC (Figures 1).
Figure 1, Pre-war Shophouses’ in Chinatown, Kuala Lumpur Pre-war Shophouses and the Concept of Adaptive Re-use The idea of adaptive re-use provides a common ground for city’s economy and conservation to meet and compromise.
Thus, the city should be “legible” (Lynch, 1960, pp. 1-2).
References [1] Strauss, A. (1976).
Cities, 21(6), 471–479. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2004.08.005 [4] Lynch, K.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Lu Wang, Yong Fu Zhang, Huan Wu Cheng, Wei Wei Chen, Yan Xiang, Yun Jie Yang, Ai Ming Bu
The schematic diagram of the electrolytic plasma spraying was shown in Fig. 1.
Sample Holder Fig. 1.
XPS survey spectra (a) and high resolution of (b) Si 2p Table 1.
References [1] W.Y.
Awasthy, Oxidation-resistant carbon-carboncomposites up to 1700-◦C, Carbon. 33 (1995) 479–490
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Mohd Nizam A. Rahman, Mohd Azhar Sahwan, Baba M. Deros
LM has become a widely acceptable and adoptable best manufacturing practice across countries and industries [1].
Their details are shown in Table 1.
Reference [1] M.
Wahab, A survey on lean manufacturing implementation in Malaysian automotive industry, International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 1(2010) 374-380
MacDuffie, The road to `root cause’: shopfloor problem solving at three auto assembly plants, Management Science, 43 (1997) 479-502
Online since: January 2014
Authors: János Kundrák, Károly Gyáni, László Ráczkövi
The durability of the cutting edge can be characterized in several ways [1, 2].
The forms of wear detectable in optical microscope images can be seen in Fig. 1.
Clearance face Chamfer Rake face Flank wear Notch wear Crater wear Chipping Fig. 1 Wear forms of a CBN cutting tool that can be observed with optical microscope for a) a new insert and b) a worn insert Cutting experiments During the cutting experiments the outer cylindrical surface of 100Cr6 (62±2 HRC) ball bearing rings were machined.
References [1] Macurová, A., Vasilko, K.: Two local extremes of cutting speed.
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Volume 20, Issue 7, 2002 pp. 475-479 [10] Takatsu, S., Shimoda, H., Otani, K.: Effect of CBN content on the cutting performance of polycrystalline CBN tools.
Online since: October 2009
Authors: Xiao Jun Meng, Yong Jin Yu, Li Gao
At present, integration becomes popular and it will be the tendency of future enterprises [1].
To take the five business processes as examples, figure 1 shows the enterprise integration model based on services.
Fig.1 Service-based enterprise integration implementation model In the current business environment, critical data of enterprise are stored in heterogeneous systems, including the PDM system, customer relationship management systems, ERP systems, Web servers and other systems.
References [1] N.
Dai and et al.: Structure of CIMS Enterprise-oriented Integration Platform System, Vol. 30-4 (2002), pp.479-482
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Cheng Kun Tang
Different scholars gave different definitions at different stages.Gadrey, Gallouj and Weinstein[1] hold the opinion that service innovation is to provide a new approach to solve the problem for a particular customer.
As shown in the above cited diagram of service innovation (top 30 in LCS), we summarized and analyzed the longitudinal development of service innovation as in Table 1.
Table 1: Research on service innovation in main developmental periods Periods Main Research Contents Earlier studies (1994——1997) Proposing service innovation; the functions, definition and classifications of technological innovation and its impact factors Medium-term studies (1998——2002) Similarities and differences between service innovation and technological innovation; exploration of determining factors, such as customers and knowledge Present studies (2004——now) General theories; evaluation of path, assessment of service innovation; exploration of determining factors in developing (integration of customers and value) Analysis of the types of service innovation research.
References [1] Gadrey J, Gallouj F, Weinstein O.
International Journal Of Service Industry Management. 2004, 15(5): 479-498
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Carmen Gafitanu, Ciprian Stamate, Eliza Gafitanu, Monica Cretan Stamate
Can be included several drug molecules if their molecular weight is less than that of cyclodextrin but maximum efficiency is recorded for 1:1.
Table 1: Physicochemical characteristics of ketoprofen-cyclodextrins complexes and their tablets Pure substances Tablets Substance/ inclusion complex Colour Appearance Melting point [ºC] Height [mm] Diameter [mm] Initial weight [mg] Final weight [mg] ketoprofen White Crystalline powder 278 4,45 9,03 0,647 0,636 CiK-β CD (method I)1:1 White Amorphous powder 50-80 4,23 9,02 1,316 1,305 CiK-β CD (method I)2:1 White Amorphous powder 40-60 4,16 9,03 0,516 0,497 CiK-β CD (method II)1:1 White Amorphous powder 210 4,05 8,99 1 0,968 CiK-β CD (method II)2:1 White Amorphous powder 215 4,04 8,99 0,477 0,452 CiK-HP β CD (method I)1:1 White Amorphous powder 20 4,05 9,00 0,485 0,479 CiK-HP β CD (method I)2:1 White Amorphous powder 190 4,07 9,00 0,445 0,412 CiK-HP β CD (method II)1:1 White Amorphous powder 210 4,14 9,00 0,527 0,524 CiK-HP β CD (method II)2:1 White Amorphous powder 200 4,06 9,01 0,894 0,863 The water solubility of inclusion complexes was determined according to Romanian
Fig. 1: The solubility of ketoprofen inclusion complexes with β-CD and HP β-CD depending on water temperature (20ºC), molar ratio 1:1 and 2:1, in solution (MI) and in suspension (MII) Solubility of ketoprofen-β-cyclodextrin complex (2:1) and ketoprofen-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (2:1) takes low values, which indicates that the cyclodextrin molecules can include two molecules of ketoprofen but not provide a better solubility (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2: The solubility of ketoprofen inclusion complexes with β-CD and HP β-CD depending on water temperature (50ºC), molar ratio 1:1 and 2:1, in solution (MI) and in suspension (MII) Inclusion compounds that have been compressed to form tablets 9 mm in diameter were subjected to tribological tests and are characterized by exposed parameters in (Table 1).
Ketoprofen inclusion compounds of β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in a 1:1 molar ratio presents height solubility than those in a 2:1 molar ratio and complexes formed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is more soluble than those obtained with β-cyclodextrin.
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Xin Lin, J. Luo, Yan Hong Ye, K.W. Liu
Fig.1 Geometry of model.
Nomenclature Value Unit 1.
References [1] C.
Vol 46, No. 1 (1993), p.1
Forum Vol. 475-479, Part 1-5 (2005), p. 2725-2730
Online since: June 2007
Authors: Kyung Jong Lee, Sang Hwan Lee, Jong Min Choi, Yeol Rae Cho
The effects of Si and deformation on the phase transformation in dual phase steels Sang Hwan Lee 1,a , Jong Min Choi1, Yeol Rae Cho2 and Kyung Jong Lee 1 1Div. of Mater.
Table 1.
(a) 5℃/s; (b) 10℃/s; (c) 50℃/s; (d) 5℃/s; (e) 10℃/s; (f) 50℃/s; (g) 1℃/s; (h) 10℃/s; (i) 30℃/s; (j) 1℃/s; (k) 10℃/s; (l) 30℃/s.
References [1] W.
Forum, Vol. 475-479, 3327 (2004) [4] A.
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