Search results

The viscosity reduction rate can truly reflect the actual viscosity reduction ratio.
As can be seen from the data in Fig. 2 (left), when the kerosene diluents was added, effect on the viscosity is very large, increasing as the proportion of kerosene, the viscosity decreased from 11 to about 2 Pa.s.
The viscosity reduction plays a role on the heavy oil.
This method can truly reflect the real viscosity reduction rate.
If the method gets promotion, so other researchers can compare the data, to know optimization molecules structure and to explore the polymer structure-activity relationship.

No need of hysteresis comparator keeps the high frequency response and using the low ESR of the capacitor makes the output ripple very small. 1.0 [µs] I O VD I L V FB Vr Vo VD VFB’ Fig.2-8 Circuit of ripple injection method Fig.2-9 Waveforms of ripple injection converter (a) Open-loop transfer function [From the data sheet written by Texas Instruments ] The open-loop transfer function Go(s) without the ripple injection circuit is explained in the next equations.
Fig. 3-14 shows the modified spectrum with EMI reduction.
The spectrum of the conduction noise with EMI reduction is 90 mV which is reduced to 9 % ( -21dB).
The spectrum peak level of the operating frequency is reduced from 2.7V to 0.21V, which is 22dB reduction.
Also the input current noise (conductive noise) is reduced from 1,000 mV to 90 mV (21dB reduction).

The photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction were performed under visible light irradiation.
Clearly, Cr(VI) reduction efficacy was 5.1% under visible light irradiation in the absence of photocatalyst, revealing the negligible role of self-photolysis on Cr(VI) reduction.
Furthermore, to make a measurable comparison of photocatalytic performance, the experimental data were fitted into first-order kinetic ln(Ct/Co) = kt and shown in Fig. 2b.
(a) Photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction and (b) the corresponding kinetic analysis.
(c) Recyclability performance for Cr(VI) reduction.

MAXIMUM LOSS REDUCTION AND VOLTAGE PROFILE IMPROVEMENT WITH PLACEMENT OF HYBRID SOLAR-WIND SYSTEM E.
Abstract: Distributed generators(DG) are much beneficial in reducing the losses effectively compared to other methods of loss reduction.
Test results indicate that PSO method can obtain better results on loss reduction and voltage profile improvement than the simple heuristic search method on the IEEE33-bus and IEEE 90-bus radial distribution systems.
Thomos Ackermann et al[1] .The benefits of distributed generation can be classified into Technical benefits(reduction in line loss, improvement in voltage profile, system reliability), Economic benefits(lower operating costs, enhanced productivity), Environmental benefits(reduced emissions of pollutant, encouragement to renewable energy based generation).
PSO algorithm related with DG: Step 1: Input line and bus data, and bus voltage limits.

Introduction Rough set theory, initialized by Pawlak [1], has been conceived as a useful tool to conceptualize and analyze various types of data.
Various approaches using rough set theory have been proposed to discover decision rules from data sets taking the form of decision systems.
Interval-valued information systems are an important type of data tables.
In this section, we investigate attribute reduction approach about the δ+ lower and upper approximation reduction in DIIFDS.
Using the δ+ lower and upper discernibility function, all the simplest δ+ lower and upper approximation rules with respect to every object in DIIFDS can be draw. 4 Conclusion Interval dominance intuitionistic fuzzy decision systems are an important type of data tables, which are generalized models of symbol-valued decision systems.

This helps not only to gain a deeper understanding of the process but also to interpret already gathered experimental data with better precision and, thus establishing a basis for further improvement and optimization of this fairly new process.
Consequently, this leads to a reduction of the used raw material and a reduction of weight.
The hardening curve is obtained by fitting data from the tensile test and extrapolating the curve after the necking point using Swift hardening extrapolation with material parameters K, and n.
Due to the higher stress superposition, the bending force reduction is significantly higher.
This result shows that the reduction of the section modulus, due to the necking, has an influence on the decreased bending force but it cannot explain the whole bending force reduction, which is about 65 % for the mentioned case.

The Preparation and Characterization of LiFe0.98Mn0.02PO4/C by Spray-drying and Low Temperature Reduction Route Jia-feng, ZHANG1, a, Bao ZHANG1,b , Xue-yi GUO1,c, He-zhang CHEN1,d, Jian-long WANG1, Chao SHEN1and Jun-chao ZHENG1 1School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China acsuzjf@163.com,bcsuzb@vip.163.com,cxyguo@mail.csu.edu.cn,dcsuzcl@163.com Keywords: LiFePO4/C, Mn doping, Spray-drying , Low temperature reduction Abstract: The LiFe0.98Mn0.02PO4/C was synthesized by spray-drying and low temperature reduction route using FePO4·2H2O as precursor, which was prepared by a simple co-precipitation method.
Except to enhance the conductivity and the mean operation voltage, a high capacity was also expected for the LiFePO4-based Li ion batteries. 2 Experimental The LiFe0.98Mn0.02PO4/C was synthesized by means of spray-drying and low temperature reduction route using FePO4·2H2O as precursor.
The data were collected in the range between 10 and 90° in steps of 8°/min.
Conclusions The LiFe0.98Mn0.02PO4/C composite was synthesized via spray-drying and low temperature reduction route using FePO4·2H2O as precursor.

In noise reduction method studied in this paper the surrounding noise reduction unit was arranged into the voice sample unit.
After processing a voice signal after noise reduction was generated and flowed into post amplifier to amplify and output.
To acquire better noise reduction function gain of pre-amplifier is set to maximum while gain of post-amplifier is set to minimum.
Experiments on surrounding noise reduction To verify far field noise reduction effect of studied method, four contrast measurements were done.
According to item 7 in GBT 13504-1992 the data which is recorded by every listener were processed.

The data, including the onsettemperature of degradation (temperature at 10% mass loss, T0.1), mid-point temperature of degradation (temperature at 50% mass loss, T0.5) and the fraction of the non-volatile residue remaining at 600oC (labelled as char), are collected in Table 1.
Table 1 TGA data of PP and its composites Sample T0.1(oC) T0.2(oC) Char(%) PP 410.0 447.2 0.50 PP+10% co-o-LDHs 437.2 454.6 2.59 PP+10% ion-o-LDHs 447.3 463.1 2.98 PP+10% ro-o-LDHs 445.0 460.7 3.05 Fig. 4 TGA curves of PP and its composites LOI and UL94 testing.
The cone calorimetric data of PP and itscomposites obtained at a heat flux of 35kW/m2 are shown in Fig. 5 and Table 4.
The reductions in the PHRR are in agreement with the TEM results, based on many years of investigation, a micro-composite is expected to give essentially no reduction in the PHRR while a reduction is expected when the clayis well-dispersed.
The PHRR reduction for PP/ion-o-LDHs, PP/ro-o-LDHs at 10% additive load is 33% and 30%, respectively, but only a 20% reduction is obtained for the poorly dispersed PP/co-o-LDHs.

The reduction products stem from the temperature and the reduction time [16, 18-20].
The reduction temperature upper than 1400 K (1127 ◦C), the chromia is reduced to the reduction products and that is the reason of degrading protective oxides.
After the oxidation, the sample was taken for the reduction test.
Fig. 5 Stability diagram for the oxides FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeCr2O4, Cr2O3, MnCr2O4, and SiO2 calculated by the thermodynamics data according to Kubaschewski et al. [22].
Fig. 6 Ellingham diagram for selected oxides and carbides constructed by thermodynamic data from Kubaschewski et al. [22].