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The analysis of the phase composition shows the oxide films had a duplex layer structure with Fe2O3 in the outer layer, andγ-(Fe,Ni) and Cr2O3 in the inner layer.
The oxide films showed a duplex layer structure with O and Fe rich in the outer layer, however, O, Ni and Cr rich in the inner layer.
According to Fig. 3(f), the oxide films showed a duplex layer structure with Fe2O3 in the outer layer, andγ-(Fe,Ni) and Cr2O3 in the inner layer.
The analysis of the phase composition shows the oxide films had a duplex layer structure with Fe2O3 in the outer layer, andγ-(Fe,Ni) and Cr2O3 in the inner layer.
Gencheva: Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 83 (2003), p.897

Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of 2MX∙CuX2∙2H2O (M+ = K, NH4, Rb, Cs; X- = Cl, Br) Stefka Tepavitcharovaa , Antonina Kovachevab , Christo Balarewc Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.
P42/mnm) and the structure consists of discrete [Me(H2O)2X4] octahedra and separate M+ ions.
Two structure types, tetragonal and triclinic crystal systems, are typical for the double salts 2MX∙MeX2∙2H2O and three structure types, triclinic, orthorhombic and monoclinic crystal systems, are typical for the double salts MX∙MeX2∙2H2O.
The crystal structure of the double salts 2MX∙CuX2∙2H2O, tetragonal crystal system, sp. gr.
Condensed mixed octahedra [Cu(H2O)2X4] sharing halogenide ions build up the structure of the double salts MX∙CuX2∙2H2O.

Photoinitiated Emulsion Polymerization of P(MMA-co-DVB) Microspheres with Low Power Ultraviolet Light Lijun Tao, Fengqiang Suna School of chemistry and environment, South China Normal University, China, 510006 asunfq@scnu.edu.cn Keywords: Photopolymerization; P(MMA-co-DVB); Microsphere; Emulsion Polymerization Abstract.
Under the irradiation of the UV light, AIBN could be decomposed to produce radicals and initiate the polymerization of MMA to produce P(MMA-co-DVB) microspheres.The morphologies and structures of the products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR),size distribution, scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Hydrothermal synthesis of hexagonal phase Zn1-xMnxS (x = 0–0.05) nanorods using single-source precursors Zhen Ni Dua, Yong Cai Zhangb, *, Zhi You Xuc and Ming Zhangd College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China ajane860605@yeah.net, bzhangyc@yzu.edu.cn, chyxuhyxu@sohu.com, dlxyzhangm@yzu.edu.cn Keywords: Nanostructures; Hydrothermal; Single-source precursor; Optical properties Abstract.
The structure, composition and optical property of the obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra.

The crystal structure of the obtained Ca1-xSrxTiO3: Pr3+(x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6) changes from perovskite to calcium strontium titanate when x ≥ 0.3.
The diffraction peak positions and the relative intensities of the prepared samples are well matched with the standard powder diffraction file (PDF# 22–0153).The doped Pr3+ ion has no influence on the matrix structure.
It indicates that the crystal structure of the samples is changed from perovskite to calcium strontium titanate when x ≥ 0.3.
The lattice structure and luminescence properties of Ca1-xSrxTiO3: Pr3+ with x changing from 0 to 0.6 were also investigated.
With the increasing of Sr2+ concentration, the crystal structure of the Ca1-xSrxTiO3: Pr3+ samples changes from perovskite to calcium strontium titanate.

The hydrothermal synthesis of nanoporous titanium dioxide and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell LiMing Jiang Chemistry Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076,China jlm.032349@yahoo.com.cn Key words: hydrothermal synthesis; nanoporous TiO2 ;dye sensitization; solar cell; photocurrent Abstract: The nanoporous titania powders are prepared under hydrothermal conditions using the amphiphilic triblock copolymer (Pluronic P123) as the porogent, and characterized by means of XRD and BET.
The results indicate that the porous titania powder have pure anatase structure, and the specific surface area is up to 68m2g-1.
In the dye-sensitized solar cell, nanometer semiconductor electrodes are one of the main structure, because they strongly affect the battery photovoltaic performance.
In addition, the special pore structure and the large roughness are beneficial to dye adsorption, diffusion and migration of redox couple.
The results indicate that the porous titania powder have pure anatase structure,and the specific surface area is up to 68m2g-1 .

Characteristics and biodegradation properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/functionalized graphene (PHBV/FGO) blends Yining Hang a, Kunyan Wang b* and Bin Li c Depart ment of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China aylh2018@163.com, bwky@hutc.zj.cn, clb3015@hutc.zj.cn Keywords: poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), functionalized graphene, characteristic Abstract.
The structure, thermal properties, thermal degradation and crystalline morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and polarizing optical microscopy (POM) analyses.
Many researchers have reported the structure, mechanical properties and biodegradability of PHBV.
The structure, thermal degradation and crystallization morphology of the blends were studied.
Results and Discussion Crystal structure of PHBV/FGO blends Fig. 1 shows the XRD patterns of PHBV/FGO blends.

The bioceramics, with and without Nb incorporation, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X- ray diffraction (XRD) as prepared and after heat treatments The results indicated that Nb was incorporated in the apatite structure promoting morphological and structural changes in the ceramic properties.
The agglomerates of HA-Nb_900 have lower particle size (180±70 nm) than HA_900 and a denser but open structure (Fig. 3(d)) indicating that Nb incorporation changed the morphology of the sintered powder.
As Nb ion is smaller than calcium cation, it can be expected that Nb replacing Ca resulted in shrinkage of the hydroxyapatite crystal structure.
The incorporation of Nb altered the crystalline structure of hydroxyapatite, with an increase on the parameter “a” and a reduction of the “c”.
Lima: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 130 (2011), p. 84

Michel, 5 - 15100 Alessandria, Italy ** Institute for Non-ferrous and Rare Metals, Blvd Biruinţei 102, Pantelimon, Ilfov, Romania Abstract Metal/ceramic composite materials were produced with core/shell structure by traditional pressing and the influence of the compacting parameters on the material properties has been studied.
The core/shell structure was preserved when an appropriate metal/alumina ratio was used.
Thus, a metal green with ceramic particles uniformly dispersed at a micro scale level is achieved and this structure can be subject to the common sintering step.
The resulting structure of the sintered products are homogeneous and exhibit encouraging properties.
Lu, et al., Materials Chemistry and Physics 72, Elsevier Science, 2001 [4] J.

The modification adjusted the pore structure of fly ash and formed more pores to absorb Hg, also it was found that new active sites were generated after the treatment, which can oxidize Hg0 and improve chemical adsorption.
This graph reveals the vitreous structure has been destroyed partly after modification, thereby generated more pores on the particle surface of the vitreous structure, and become propitious to the adsorption reaction of mercury.
Conclusion Hg adsorption capacity of fly ash was increased after being modified with FeCl3, CuCl2 and CuBr2, which may caused by adjusting the pore structure and forming more pores to absorb Hg0, moreover, new surface active sites were generated and improved chemical adsorption by Hg0 oxidation.
Industry and Engineering Chemistry Resource, 2007,46: 1390-1395 [4] Sliger R N, Kramlich J C, Marinov N M.