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Whereas too large value for the average grain diameter of about 70 µm can improve plastic properties, especially elongations which can achieve value about 80-90% at relatively low strength properties.
In addition, twins are visible occurring especially in large-sized grains.
Fine, recrystallized grains are arranged dynamically at the boundaries of dynamically recovered austenite grains elongated in the direction of rolling.
They are arranged mainly at the boundaries of the elongated grains of the statically recovered austenite, and are often situated also on the boundaries of twins.
Acknowledgements Project was funded by the National Science Centre based on the decision number DEC-2012/05/B/ST8/00149.

Ferrite phases were found as irregular polygonal shapes, and grain boundaries were blurry.
The ferrite grains grew further with clear grain boundaries, with the pearlite distributed at grain boundaries.
The M/A constituent were observed along and inside the prior-austenite grains.
The microstructure of CGHAZ near the fusion line contains large prior-austenite grains.
Upon air cooling, there is more pearlite distributed at the grain boundaries in the ferrite matrix.

China's steel plant produces a large number of slag and dust every year.
Preparation of the micron size iron oxide The iron ore is first dealed with coarse grinding, sieving, drying, and then the conventional fine-grained (0.15mm/100 mesh) iron ore particles are grinded to ultrafine particles by high-speed jet mill technology.
Calculated according to equation 2, the reduction time of the micron size iron ore powder is 1/100 of the conventional fine-grained mineral powder.
Size Distribution of Steelmaking dust Experimental studies on the precise reduction of steelmaking dust The steelmaking dust as this study object was obtained from a factory, its main chemical composition：TFe=37.5%,FeO=1.52%, and the grain size distribution are presented in Fig.5 , the dust grain size distribution is in the range of 330~2500nm, which means the dispersion degree is narrow, and the average grain size is 1.0μm.
The result of the experiment shows that: in the atmosphere of pure H2 or 100% CO, the micron size of iron ore can be reducted at the condition of 650~850℃, and the transition of Fe2O3→MFe can be achieved, compared with the conventional grain size iron ore powder, the reduction temperature lowers about 300~350℃

The crystal grains were elongated in the extrusion direction.
The crystal grains marked in Fig.6 were recrystallized grains.
The grain boundary in this area is relatively small.
The grain boundaries are not in the same plane.
There are a large number of second phases in the 7A36 aluminum alloy extruded material.

Rapeseed meal is a material with high grain size uniformity.
Cumulative wear in g/cm2 for a number of test cycles.
This phenomenon is very similar to the phenomenon of high abrasive resistance of pearlitic cast iron in a stream of grains.
Generally at higher altitudes and farther away from the source will be observed increase in the share of the smallest grain fraction.
Fine-grained fractions represent a major threat by the ignition of dust – air suspensions.

The compact obtained by SPS by M2 contributes to the formation of a homogeneous fine-grained structure of the material.
Mechanocomposites are characterized by increased contact area and a large number of nonequilibrium defects and internal stresses [14, 15].
There are a small number of defects (pores) in the structure.
The high microhardness may be due small grain size of nickel aluminide produced by M2 method.
The provisional three-minute mechanical activation contributes to the formation of a homogeneous fine-grained structure of the material.

A large number of tests have been carried out to determine the correlation between resistographic test results and strength test results.
They used the following ultrasonic testing methods: two versions of a direct method (the device heads located on the opposite planes of the specimen, parallel to the grain or perpendicular to the grain) and an indirect method (the transmitting head and the receiving head are located on the same surface of the specimen).
Determination coefficient r2 ranged from 0.55 to 0.82, depending on the number of measurements (it is recommended to perform at least 8-10 penetration depth measurements).
However, no correlation between the Pilodyn test results and strength and the across-grain compressive modulus of elasticity was found.
Machado, Chestnut wood in compression perpendicular to the grain: Non-destructive correlations for test results in new and old wood, Constr.

· Composition 2 (LSHD + PS + SZO3): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + silicate penetration + silicate plaster with maximal grain 3 mm - PS is suitable as a base layer for silicate plasters
· Composition 3 (LSHD + PAS + AZO3): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + acrylic-silicon penetration + acrylic plaster with maximal grain 3 mm - PAS is suitable as a base layer for silicon and acrylic plasters
Tab. 1 Composition 1 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD A 30.7 117,3 118.0 117.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 B 30.9 117.7 117.7 117.7 1,9 1,9 1.9 C 34.2 117.2 117.6 117.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 Tab. 2 Composition 2 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD+PS +SZO3 A 78.7 117.0 116.9 117.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 B 76.9 116.9 117.0 117.0 5.6 5.5 5.6 C 80.6 117.0 117.0 117.0 5.5 5.6 5.6 Tab. 3 Composition 3 - Dimensions Sample mark Sample number Sample weight [g] Ø [mm] Average [mm] Sample thickness [mm] Average [mm] LSHD+ PAS +AZO3 A 75.1 117.0 116.9 117.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 B 67.8 116.4 116.5 116.5 4.1 4.2 4.2 C 75.3 117.2 117.1 117.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 DIFFUSION PARAMETERS Three samples from each composition were weighted on scales in accordance with ČSN EN ISO 7783 [1, 2] standard to determine water vapour permeability.
Tab. 4 Composition 1 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-8 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD A 3.44 1.24E-08 8.57 B 3.52 1.33E-08 7.96 C 3.49 1.29E-08 6.59 Average 3.48 1.29E-08 7.7 Tab. 5 Composition 2 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-9 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PS +SZO3 A 8.92 1.29E-09 28.3 B 9.27 1.35E-09 26.7 C 9.03 1.39E-09 27.3 Average 9.07 1.34E-09 27.4 Tab. 6 Composition 3 - Water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor Sample mark Sample number Water vapour rate [*10-9 kg/s] Water vapour permeability [kg/(m2.s.Pa)] Water vapour resistance factor [-] LSHD+PAS +AZO A 3.83 4.51E-10 91.1 B 3.71 4.36E-10 110.3 C 3.13 3.64E-10 122.8 Average 3.56 4.17E-10 108.1 Detailed results showing average
The compositions were following: · Composition 1 (LSHD): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar without any finishing · Composition 2 (LSHD + PS + SZO3): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + silicate penetration + silicate plaster - maximal grain 3 mm · Composition 3 (LSHD + PAS + AZO3): Basic adhesive diffusion mortar + acrylic-silicon penetration + acrylic plaster - maximal grain 3 mm.

A weldment typically consists of four material zones such as parent metal, fine grain HAZ (FGHAZ), coarse grain HAZ (CGHAZ), and weld metal.
The damage-accumulation occurs on accelerating creep stage because of grain boundaries defects [4].
The number of publications using ABAQUS UMAT for creep damage analysis is increasing.
It has been an important tool for a number of research and supporting the production of significant number of publication, these publications are not listed here for brevity.
In element definition transferring, the goal is keeping the node numbers consist in each element and element numbers because other parameters are not useful.

Grain boundaries also play a role at the initiatory stage.
Internal stresses formed during welding were decreased after the HT and Ti matrix was simultaneously homogenised and grain size slightly refined as was presented recently [6].
The total number of all revealed cracks was 84 (samples without the HT) and 56 (samples after the HT).
In Fig. 4 the number 1 marks the basic 304 SS, number 2 practically represents Ti matrix (90-100 at.%), and in the position of number 3 mixture of (in at. %) 16 Ti, 16 Cr, 57 Fe, 8 Ni and Al, Si and/or Mn balanced was revealed, while the area marked by number 4 consisted of (in at. %) 20 Ti, 11 Cr, 61 Fe, 6 Ni and Al or Si and/or Mn.
Salishczev, Influence of grain size and micro-structure homogeneity on the deformation uniformity of commertiallypure titanium (in Russian), Fiz.