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Online since: May 2018
Authors: Etienne Kolomoni Ngoy
The data logger was started, and the sample was tensioned to an initial stress of 11.4 0.2 MPa.
The relaxation is measured as relaxation amplitude representing the percentage reduction of the initial stress value.
For this analysis, experimental data up to 1000 seconds in Fig. 2 are used to predict relaxation at longer time scale 6000 seconds.
This procedure is applied to the curves fitted to the experimental data of Fig. 2 for several values of the relaxation amplitude as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 3 Experimental determination of the activation energy for various relaxation amplitudes The straight lines resulting from such plots are usually parallel since the magnitude of the activation energy is normally constant.
(9) Since the shift factor is equal to , it can be directly determined from experimental data by plotting against relaxation amplitude as shown in Fig. 5.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Casen Panaitescu, Monica Emanuela Stoica, Ciner Fehiman
Thus, all modifications to such systems must lead to an increase in dissolved oxygen rate, a reduction in energy consumption, enhanced treatment effectiveness, as well as better SOTE (Standard Oxygen Transfer Efficiency - Standard Oxygen Transfer Rate) and SAE (Standard Aeration Efficiency) coefficients.
The recorded data were analysed using Bravais-Pearson’s statistical model [13].
Given the degree of association between the two variables, the calculated value of R can be compared with its table value from the literature data, for n-2 degrees of freedom, with a probability of 99% [14].
a(t,min) b(OD,mg/l) a2 b2 a*b 1 0 7.51 0 56.4001 0 2 20 7.44 400 55.3536 148.8 3 40 7.4 1600 54.76 296 4 60 7.04 3600 49.5616 422.4 5 80 6.92 6400 47.8864 553.6 6 100 6.91 10000 47.7481 691 7 120 6.52 14400 42.5104 782.4 8 140 6.44 19600 41.4736 901.6 9 160 6.38 25600 40.7044 1020.8 10 180 6.29 32400 39.5641 1132.2 11 200 6.15 40000 37.8225 1230 12 220 6.08 48400 36.9664 1337.6 Σ 1320 81.08 202400 550.751 8516.4 The difference between Rcalculated and R (dependent on freedom degree and probability) will be verified by analysing the data shown in Table 3.
Rcalculated = 0.823>R =0.708 that means the data show a linear variation.
Online since: August 2008
Authors: Maria do Carmo de Andrade Nono, Pedro José Castro, José Vitor C. Souza, A.R. Siqueira
Such microstructure inhomogeneity can cause a significant reduction in the driving force for densification.
Dielectric data are also given in terms of the frequency independent parameter Q×f0, which is used as a figure of merit for the comparison of loss properties.
Samples fo [GHz] Q Q x fo εr Relative density [%] Weight loss [%] A-ZrO2 + TiO2 7.7961 2210 17.229 22.40 75,25 ± 0.21 1.25 B-ZTO + SnO2 7.4840 1730 12.947 23.20 76.30 ± 0.15 3.25 C-ZTO + Nb2O5 7.5166 1790 13.455 23.10 78.06 ± 0.23 2.89 D-ZTO + SrO2 7.8736 2230 17.558 24.80 79.12 ± 0.10 1.90 (c) (b) (a) (x) (d) The Q × f0 values for ZrO2-TiO2 based are in good agreement with data reported for ceramics prepared via powder routes [10].
To our knowledge, the present data are the first results for the microwave dielectric properties of ZrO2-TiO2 bodies prepared by powder metallurgic method using groups of additives different, conform Table 1.
Since εr values depend on several factors (including second phases, cation ordering, density and weight loss) comparison with literature data is not easy.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Zong Yu Liu, Wen Kai Xu, Hong Yu Zheng
Eric Krueger establishes a control strategy based on slip coefficient judgment in order to reduce the decelerations disturbances caused by reductions in regenerative brake torque [5].
The main data of the UDDS driving cycle is showed in table 1, and the curve of speed with time is showed in figure 4[6].
Table 1 Main data of UDDS driving cycle time[s] 1369 maximum speed [km·h-1] 91.29 mileage[km] 11.99 average speed [km·h-1] 31.52 average deceleration[m·s-2] -0.58 maximum acceleration[km·h-1] 1.48 average acceleration[m·s-2] 0.51 maximum deceleration[m·s-2] -1.48 The main data of Japanese 1015 driving cycle is showed in table 2.
The main data of results is showed in table 3.
Reducing Disturbances Caused by Reductions in Regenerative Brake Torque[C].SAE Paper 2011-01-0972
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Fa Qin Dong, Wu Chen, Yun Bi Huang, Shi Ping Zhou, Qun Wei Dai, Yue Quan Deng
Several studies have investigated the effect of relative humidity (RH) on aerosol water content found that a reduction in relative humidity from 47% to 35% results in the decrease of sea salt aerosol water content from 29% to 9% of the total mass [5-7].
We collected data to explore the relationship between daily variation of PM2.5 and the surrounding meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation) in sampling site.
This research provides scientific data for the prevention and controlling of air pollution in Yinchuan city. 2.
The instrument start time is 14:30 April 30 and every 1.5h (running 1h and pausing 0.5h) records one average particulate mass concentration (so one day have 16 average value), at the same time recorded the surrounding meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation) in sampling site and reference to weather station’s meteorological data.
Jang, PM data analysis-a comparison of two urban areas: Fresno and Atlanta, J.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Jun Peng, Shuo Li, Xiao Yong Zhang
According to the IEEE 1588 agreement, to synchronize train communication network time, four kinds of basic synchronous data datagram is needed: SYNC, Follow_UP, Delay_Rep and Delay_Resp.
Firstly slave node sends delay measurement request message Delay_Rep to the master node, and records the exact time of the sending time Ts3; Then the master node records accurate receiving time Tm3 after received message Delay_Rep, and sends delay measurement request data message Delay_Resp to slave node, in which contains message Tm3; Lastly after receiving Delay_Resp, we calculate the line Delay according to (3)
(3) In conclusion, The protocol of accurate clock synchronization draws the time deviation Offset and interconnect Delay value through exchanging timestamp information data message, but the premise is that the link propagation delay is symmetric, which means transmission delay between master clock to and slave clock dms is the same
As shown in Fig. 3 below, from 200ms, the accuracy of clock deviation value is improved after introducing Kalman filter for noise reduction processing, making compensation results more accurate and smooth.
This method reduces noise through the filtering processing for the synchronous acquisition information, which improves the accuracy of the data.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Michal Balog, Miroslav Mindas, Erik Szilagyi
This location data is transferred to the internal system and for example can be used to update customer information automatically and help to track and trace in real time position of the wagon.
Based in this data, the analysis was carried out in next table (Tab. 1).
These have direct impact to wear of friction elements of chassis and a direct result of safety of combination of vehicle, which reduction can cause serious accidents.
A gradual reduction in the thickness of the pad comes to demolition of the tag, wherein the outer manifestation will be illegibility of this RFID tag with tag reader [8].
The image (Fig. 8) shows the location, which is best in terms of the availability and effectiveness of the acquisition of correct data.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Saad Tapuchi, Dmitry Baimel
The closed loop servo control is performed by acquiring position/velocity data from position/velocity encoder that is integrated inside the servo motor.
According to the user's data, the PLC produces optimal position, velocity, and acceleration profiles that are fed to the servo closed control loop in real time (see Fig. 4a).
The advantage of the S-curve profile upon the trapezoidal profile is the reduction of mechanical stress on the motor (reduction of jerk).
There is only one loop (velocity loop) without consideration of position and acceleration data.
Special sensors would read the data from the brain and translate it to the digital signals for the control of robotic arms and legs.
Online since: September 2007
Authors: Nicolae Constantin, Marin Sandu, Viorel Anghel, Ştefan Sorohan, Mircea Găvan
In composites, the energy is largely absorbed in creating large areas of damage and thus the reduction in residual strength is higher.
The research work has collected data obtained during instrumented drop impact tests performed on various layered composite materials, in plate or tube shape.
Immediate correspondence with post-impact state of the material and with data obtained from numerical simulations offered the background for establishing some general observations concerning the possibility to get direct information about the damage assessment through simply recording the impact force history.
It is also intended to include the results obtained in a comprehensive data bank for designers' use.
The results obtained with the two codes are very close in respect of contact force history analysis, but the implicit method governing the ANSYS solver provides more detailed stress distribution data.
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Jing Bo Chen, Chang Yu Shen, Fang Fang Ji, Bin Zhang, Bi Wei Qiu
The scattered intensity of SAXS was presented as a function of scattering vector q, where q is given by q=4πsinθ/λ (2θ being scattering).The long period is determined from the Lorenz plots (I(q)*q2 vs q) of the background corrected scattering data.
Data presented in Table 1 demonstrate that Kβ decreases from 0.3101 to 0.1134 (reduction by 0.2) when the applied DR decreases from 10.8 to 4.8.
Meanwhile, Φβ decreases from 31.67 wt. % to 11.34 wt. % (reduction by 20%).
The characteristic length L =2π/qmax was determined from the SAXS data using the maximum qmax of I(q).
Table 1 Crystallinity data of the iPP extrudant concluded from WAXD and DSC measurements.
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