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Especially for complicated vertical buildings, using three-dimensional mode program can easily input the data.
(2) Graphic file is data document.
It is different from other domestic structural programs which only can convert graphic into data file.
EAABS allows reducing rigid zone size, and the reduction includes 0％ OFFSET, 25% OFFSET, 50% OFFSSRT, 75% OFFSET and 100% OFFSET. 0％OFFSET means that there is no reduction, the calculation length is the longest and  the centerline of structural member force is calculated. 100% OFFSET means that there is reduction, the calculation length is the shortest, and bearing pad side of structural member force is calculated

However, when the adsorbed Pb and Cu in the binary solution was compared to their corresponding amounts in single-metal solutions, an average of 9% reduction was observed for Pb, while an average of 4.1% increment was observed for Cu (Fig. 2B).
The relative reduction in Pb adsorption during competition (in the binary solution) as opposed to relative increment inCu adsorption signifies that the coexistence of Pb with Cu affectedPb negatively, but Cu adsorption rather increased relatively in the midst of competition posed by Pb.
The adsorption data was fitted into the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the parameters are listed in Table 1.
Data for metals in the binary solution fitted the Freundlich model better (R2= 0.9982 and 0.9959 for Cu and Pb, respectively) than that in the single-metal solution, and even better than the Langmuir model for all solutions.
Adsorption data of Pb and Cu fitted both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms well with equally good linearity When Pb competed with Cu in binary solution, Pb recorded greater bonding energy (about 2.5 times more) than Cu,and seemed a possible further explanation to why the relative proportion of adsorbed Pb increased, while that of Cu decreased by same extent.

In 2009 China's Ministry of Housing launched a official document "Assessment Framework on Carbon-reduction of China’s Lowcarbon Green Residential Communities" and created the concept of "low-carbon residential communities " from policy aspect initially.
The planners use quantitative data to reflect carbon CO2 emissions in the process of construction and management of residential communities.
It can maximize the energy efficiency and reduce the use of fossil energy by assessing and controlling the data.
Secondly, many laws and regulations also lack indicator system that can provide clear quantitative data for carbon emission.
Meanwhile planners should reduce earthwork excavation to ensure that the volume rate and building density of construction projects are not higher than the requirements from "Assessment Framework on Carbon-reduction of China’s Lowcarbon Green Residential Communities " while the green rate is not less than the requirements.

In spite of superior characteristics of composite materials produced by powder extrusion method, there is not enough data about the tool wear during the machining of these materials.
The reason of this reduction could be explained by the reduction of built-up edge (BUE) thickness with the increase of cutting speed.
In addition to the reduction of BUE thickness, the other factor which reduces the tangential cutting forces is the increase in shear angle with increasing cutting speed.
Third reason for reduction of cutting forces can be the thermal softening of the aluminum matrix, which occurs with increasing cutting temperature.
One is the reduction of the BUE thickness with increasing percentage of the SiC.

The data obtained at R = -1 [8] are added for comparison.
In the latter case the stress relaxation occurs by the reduction of the plastic strain associated with increase of the stress range.
However, the mean stress and plastic strain range show the different trend of reduction (Fig. 3) indicating that the mean stress relaxation is not the simple function of the cyclic strain hardening and reduction of the plastic strain range.
In present material the number of <101>||RD grains are limited (Fig. 1) and the rate of martensitic transformation decrease with increasing of R because of reduction in compression martensite.
No considerable reduction in fatigue life is observed at studied strain ratio, which is attributed to mean stress relaxation and constant hysteresis behavior at studied R.

The energy saving and carbon reduction action should aim on these two parts.[3] There is 30~40% of energy used for lighting in Taiwan.
The uniformity formula is showed as below (1) .....................................................................................(1) The Calculating of Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction The greenhouse gas emission parameter was announced by IPCC which CO2 was the foundation value.
The emission factor of CO2e using in electricity is 0.612 kg/kWh in Taiwan.[5] We could estimate the benefit of energy saving and carbon reduction by calculating electricity CO2 emission factor base on 250 working days and working 8 hours per day.
The estimated costs of four proposals Analysis of Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Taiwan is shortage of nature resource. 95.6% of total greenhouse gas emission is emitted by energy sector.
The entire table of data exchange of fuel and electricity carbon emissions. 2010; Available from: http://verity.erl.itri.org.tw/EIGIC/knowledge_9_detail.aspx?

Large cities shall play crucial roles in determining the future path of energy consumption and carbon emissions in China that meets the international commitment of reduction in GHG emissions made by the Central Government.
As the capital of China with approximately 20 million permanent populations, during the Eleventh Five-year (2006-2010) Plan, Beijing had achieved the goals of energy saving and emission reduction.
The exogenous variables are given based on the base year data, and the endogenous variables are calculated through simulation.
Total electricity generation of solar is 12,159 MWh, contributing to the reduction of 7.4 million CO2-e emissions in 15 years.
Finally, utilization of solar energy increases with total power generation as 12,159 MWh, contributing to the reduction of 7.4 million CO2-e emissions in 15 years.

To standardization of smart grid information architecture, this paper analyzes smart grid conceptual reference model, propose smart grid hierarchical information architecture, including grid equipment layer, communication gird layer, data storage layer and data application layer.
Data storage layer provide data storage, integration, access functions that cross partition, cross system.
The information access can use event driven or message bus mode, avoid a large number of data retrieval.
Data application layer realize the advanced analysis and control functions.
Address this demand, this paper propose a information architecture of four layers, including grid equipment layer, communication infrastructure layer, data storage layer and data application layer.

Data mining is a new area of study in crop production analysis.
All of these data properties will be examined, and the data will be processed using a variety of machine learning approaches to build a classification model.
Data accessibility at all times and in all places. 3.
Crop Data Predicted amount of Fertilizer needed Random Forest Clustering Data Pre-processing Fertilizer Data Fig. 1.
Once the data has been accessible, it must be examined.

Conventional risk assessment tools (e.g. probability risk assessment) were not suited for initial design because of lack of data, and a safety analysis model using fuzzy-logic approach employing fuzzy IF-THEN rules was introduced to carry out risk analysis in conceptual design.
Risk analysis parameters input Risk analysis results Other information sources Fuzzifier Fuzzy inference engine Defuzzifier Expert knowledge base Data collection analysis Fuzzy rule base Fig. 1 The procedure of risk assessment based on fuzzy-logic system (ii) Linguistic variable sets and fuzzy rule base The two fundamental parameters used to assess risk level (RL) of the system are failure likelihood (FL) and consequence severity (CS).
Table 2 Definition of safety goal for SRV’s conceptual design The value of risk (S) Risk level (RL) Description S ≤ 0.2 Low Risk is acceptable. 0.2 < S ≤ 0.5 Reasonable Optimization measures are taken as necessary. 0.5 < S ≤ 0.8 High Risk reduction measures should be taken.
The alternatives A3 and A4 were not feasible, and risk reduction measures should be taken.
Instead of conventional safety analysis tools, a fuzzy-logic-based risk assessment model was introduced to overcome the difficulties that lack of data in conceptual design process.