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Online since: July 2013
Authors: Soichiro Sameshima, Yoshihiro Hirata, Ryuji Oitate, Naoki Matsunaga
In our previous paper [3], the structure and electrical conductivity of (La0.6Sr0.4)(X1-yMgy)O3-δ (X= Ti, Zr, Al) perovskite solid solution were studied.
The complete substitution of Sr for La in A site lattice of perovskite structure results in the formation of SrZrO3 or SrTiO3, which is known as an insulator.
In this paper, the influence of Al content of Sr(Zr1-xAlx)O3-x/2 perovskite solid solution on crystal structure and electrical conductivity was investigated in air at 400˚-800˚C.
Most of the diffraction peaks at x = 0-0.5 were referred to an orthorhombic structure of SrZrO3 (ICDD card No. 44-161), indicating the formation of SrZrO3 solid solution.
Conclusions Perovskite solid solution Sr(Zr1-xAlx)O3-x/2 was produced in a wide composition range of x= 0-0.5 at 1000 °C and their structures were referred to an orthorhombic structure.
The complete substitution of Sr for La in A site lattice of perovskite structure results in the formation of SrZrO3 or SrTiO3, which is known as an insulator.
In this paper, the influence of Al content of Sr(Zr1-xAlx)O3-x/2 perovskite solid solution on crystal structure and electrical conductivity was investigated in air at 400˚-800˚C.
Most of the diffraction peaks at x = 0-0.5 were referred to an orthorhombic structure of SrZrO3 (ICDD card No. 44-161), indicating the formation of SrZrO3 solid solution.
Conclusions Perovskite solid solution Sr(Zr1-xAlx)O3-x/2 was produced in a wide composition range of x= 0-0.5 at 1000 °C and their structures were referred to an orthorhombic structure.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Anatolii G. Belous, Oleg I. V'yunov, S.D. Kobylianska, O. Bohnke
Lithium Ion Conductors Based on System (Li,Na,La){Ti,Nb,Та}O with Perovskite Structure
Kobylianska S.
Their structure has been shown to undergo partial disordering with increasing sodium content in the system Li0.5yNayLa0.5Nb2O6 as in the system Li0.5-yNayLa0.5Та2O6 structure is ordered.
Crystal structure of Li0.5La0.5М2O6 (М = Nb,Та,).
Correlation between lithium mobility and structure, J.
The parameters in the structure of La2/3x4/3-2xМ2O6 were used as initial [19X].
Their structure has been shown to undergo partial disordering with increasing sodium content in the system Li0.5yNayLa0.5Nb2O6 as in the system Li0.5-yNayLa0.5Та2O6 structure is ordered.
Crystal structure of Li0.5La0.5М2O6 (М = Nb,Та,).
Correlation between lithium mobility and structure, J.
The parameters in the structure of La2/3x4/3-2xМ2O6 were used as initial [19X].
Online since: May 2016
Authors: Seung Jae Moon, Chung Seok Kim, Won Sik Kong
Solution treatment shows the dual structure, however, aging for 5 hours depicts the ditch structure.
Grain boundary chemistry is known to be a critical factors impacting structural reliability of austenitic stainless steels [7,8].
In general, sensitization is classified into three structures; the first is step structure which is no precipitation occurs had been observed, the second is dual structure which the precipitation had been observed but the grains are not completely surrounded by the precipitation, and the third is ditch structure where the precipitations occur with completely surrounding the grains [11].
Fig. 4(a) and Fig. 4(b) show the dual structure, however, Fig. 4(c) depicts the ditch structure observing deep and wide intergranular attack after 5 hours aging at 670°C.
Dubina: Light Gauge Metal Structures Recent Advances (Springer Science & Business Media, 2006) [7] R.
Grain boundary chemistry is known to be a critical factors impacting structural reliability of austenitic stainless steels [7,8].
In general, sensitization is classified into three structures; the first is step structure which is no precipitation occurs had been observed, the second is dual structure which the precipitation had been observed but the grains are not completely surrounded by the precipitation, and the third is ditch structure where the precipitations occur with completely surrounding the grains [11].
Fig. 4(a) and Fig. 4(b) show the dual structure, however, Fig. 4(c) depicts the ditch structure observing deep and wide intergranular attack after 5 hours aging at 670°C.
Dubina: Light Gauge Metal Structures Recent Advances (Springer Science & Business Media, 2006) [7] R.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Waldemar Karaszewski
Introduction
Catastrophic fracture failure of engineering structures is caused by cracks that extend beyond a safe size.
The fundamentals postulate of linear elastic fracture mechanics is that the crack behavior is determined by the stress intensity factors which are the function of the applied load and the geometry of the cracked structure.
In general numerical methods must be used for the evaluation of the stress intensity factors in structures.
Silicon nitride properties Chemistry 99.9 % Si3N4 Compressive strength [MPa] 2353 Thermal conductivity [W/m*K] 29.3 Coefficient of expansion [1/K] 1.78 x 10E-6 Young modulus [GPa] 324 Hardness [HV] 1800 Density [g/cm3] 3.2 The ring cracks were created on the upper silicon nitride balls surface by blunt impact loads.
Tungsten carbide properties Chemistry 93,5 - 94,5 % WC 5,5 – 6,5 % Co Compressive strength 5200 [MPa] Tensile strength 1520 [MPa] Maximum useful temperature 430 [OC] Young modulus 640 [GPa] Hardness 2200 [HV] Density 13,2 [g/cm3] Table 3.
The fundamentals postulate of linear elastic fracture mechanics is that the crack behavior is determined by the stress intensity factors which are the function of the applied load and the geometry of the cracked structure.
In general numerical methods must be used for the evaluation of the stress intensity factors in structures.
Silicon nitride properties Chemistry 99.9 % Si3N4 Compressive strength [MPa] 2353 Thermal conductivity [W/m*K] 29.3 Coefficient of expansion [1/K] 1.78 x 10E-6 Young modulus [GPa] 324 Hardness [HV] 1800 Density [g/cm3] 3.2 The ring cracks were created on the upper silicon nitride balls surface by blunt impact loads.
Tungsten carbide properties Chemistry 93,5 - 94,5 % WC 5,5 – 6,5 % Co Compressive strength 5200 [MPa] Tensile strength 1520 [MPa] Maximum useful temperature 430 [OC] Young modulus 640 [GPa] Hardness 2200 [HV] Density 13,2 [g/cm3] Table 3.
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Raluca Petronela Dumitriu, Ana Maria Oprea, Cornelia Vasile
Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department,
41 A Gr.
Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) The morphological study of the samples performed by ESEM evidenced a porous structure with honeycomb-like aspect, which varies for samples having different composition and modifies by expanding as hydrogels are swelling at increasing degree of humidity (Fig. 4).
ESEM micrographs of the hydrogel samples 99/1 NIPAAm/Alg (a) RH=20 and (b) RH=100; 75/25 NIPAAm/Alg (c) RH=20 and (d) RH=100 It can be noticed that cavities dimensions are increased at higher relative humidity RH (%) for all the samples: the pores became larger or their walls are breaking, making the structure more accessible to water vapor sorption.
Thus, the morphology of the samples is changing with increasing RH from a compact/dense structure to an expanded one.
Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) The morphological study of the samples performed by ESEM evidenced a porous structure with honeycomb-like aspect, which varies for samples having different composition and modifies by expanding as hydrogels are swelling at increasing degree of humidity (Fig. 4).
ESEM micrographs of the hydrogel samples 99/1 NIPAAm/Alg (a) RH=20 and (b) RH=100; 75/25 NIPAAm/Alg (c) RH=20 and (d) RH=100 It can be noticed that cavities dimensions are increased at higher relative humidity RH (%) for all the samples: the pores became larger or their walls are breaking, making the structure more accessible to water vapor sorption.
Thus, the morphology of the samples is changing with increasing RH from a compact/dense structure to an expanded one.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Chun Ru Xiong, Xiao Ming Bi, Qian Sheng Zheng
Professor Jiang Taiyuan holds that, so called the work process is a complete work procedure carried out in business to complete a task and get the results of the task; and is a comprehensive, constantly in motion but the structure relatively fixed system.
The curriculum model based on the work process makes students obtain structured procedural knowledge, vocational skills and related vocational experience involved in the work process, which ultimately promote the formation of professional competence.
How does the basic structure of the domain like?
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)
The curriculum model based on the work process makes students obtain structured procedural knowledge, vocational skills and related vocational experience involved in the work process, which ultimately promote the formation of professional competence.
How does the basic structure of the domain like?
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)
Online since: April 2023
Authors: Thritima Sritapunya, Apaipan Rattanapan, Pornsri Sapsrithong, Surakit Tuampoemsab
The influence of bagasse fiber on natural rubber foam cell structures is presented in Fig. 3.
The compressive behavior of the foam depended on the properties of cell structure, porosity, cell size, and cell distribution [10].
The rigid structure of bagasse fiber made the natural rubber foams stiff because cell size decreased.
Ikeda (Eds.), Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Woodhead Publishing, 2014, pp. 249-283
Ikeda (Eds.), Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Woodhead Publishing, 2014, pp. 284-302
The compressive behavior of the foam depended on the properties of cell structure, porosity, cell size, and cell distribution [10].
The rigid structure of bagasse fiber made the natural rubber foams stiff because cell size decreased.
Ikeda (Eds.), Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Woodhead Publishing, 2014, pp. 249-283
Ikeda (Eds.), Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Woodhead Publishing, 2014, pp. 284-302
Online since: July 2020
Authors: Akhmad Herman Yuwono, Alfian Ferdiansyah Madsuha, Muhamad Saepudin Wahab, Syukur Daulay, Donanta Dhaneswara, Erlyta Septa Rosa
The SEM image shows that of ZnO coated ITO glass structure was presented in Fig.2.
Fig 1(b) displays a hexagonal structure with a diameter about of 250 nm.
Figure 6 Schematic structure of typical utilized solar cell devices based on their counter electrodes: (a) Pt and (b).
Journal of Materials Chemistry 2010, 20, (4), 659-662
Chemistry Letters 2002, 32, (1), 28-29
Fig 1(b) displays a hexagonal structure with a diameter about of 250 nm.
Figure 6 Schematic structure of typical utilized solar cell devices based on their counter electrodes: (a) Pt and (b).
Journal of Materials Chemistry 2010, 20, (4), 659-662
Chemistry Letters 2002, 32, (1), 28-29
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Muhammad Naushad, Mohammad Mujahid Ali Khan
b Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Building 5, King Saud University,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The polymer PVC was selected because it is pollution free, space saving, cost effective, reliable, and flexible and its polymeric structure show good adhesion to the MM material which is responsible for the mechanical strength and performance of the composite membrane as well as selectivity of composite material.
The surface morphologies of the membrane showed a uniform arrangement of particles and the particles are irregular condensed and form a heterogeneous structure as shown in Fig. 1.
Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India) for providing necessary research facilities.
Analysis of the structure of vegetable and animal membranes, Helv.
The polymer PVC was selected because it is pollution free, space saving, cost effective, reliable, and flexible and its polymeric structure show good adhesion to the MM material which is responsible for the mechanical strength and performance of the composite membrane as well as selectivity of composite material.
The surface morphologies of the membrane showed a uniform arrangement of particles and the particles are irregular condensed and form a heterogeneous structure as shown in Fig. 1.
Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India) for providing necessary research facilities.
Analysis of the structure of vegetable and animal membranes, Helv.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Phutthachat Soison, Sukunya Ross, Supatra Wangsoub
Mechanical and Thermal properties of Silane Treated Pineapple Leaf Fiber Reinforced Polylactic Acid Composites
Supatra Pratumshat1,2* Phutthachat Soison1, Sukunya Ross1
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
2Research Center for Academic Excellent in Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
E-mail: 1*supatraw@nu.ac.th, 1phatthachat.soison@gmail.com, 1sukunyaj@nu.ac.th
Keywords: Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) composite/ Polylactic acid (PLA)/ Silane treatment/ fiber surface modification
Abstract.
Impact strength of S1 composites was higher than the others. 3.6 WAXS study WAXS technique was used to study the crystallographic structure [13].
The broad peak at the scattering angle 2q » 16° correspond to amorphous structure of PLA.
This may be due to phase separation between PALF and PLA matrix, then PLA chain can move easily and crystallize into crystalline structure.
-S., Chemical modification of lignocellulosic materials: old chemistry, new approaches, Polymer.
Impact strength of S1 composites was higher than the others. 3.6 WAXS study WAXS technique was used to study the crystallographic structure [13].
The broad peak at the scattering angle 2q » 16° correspond to amorphous structure of PLA.
This may be due to phase separation between PALF and PLA matrix, then PLA chain can move easily and crystallize into crystalline structure.
-S., Chemical modification of lignocellulosic materials: old chemistry, new approaches, Polymer.