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Online since: February 2018
Authors: K. Madhu Murthy, Ganesh Babu Katam, A. Veeresh Babu, M. Kiran Kumar
The experimental results were shown that there is the improvement in diesel engine performance; emission characteristics especially break thermal efficiency and NOx emission reduction than diesel fuel due to its clean combustion.
1.
Schematic diagram of Test Engine setup. 1-Diesel, biodiesel tanks, 2-Three way valve, 3-Burette, 4-Flywheel, 5-Eddy current dynamometer, 6-Speed display, 7-Load display, 8-Load adjusting wheel, 9-Airbox with Manometer, 10-Emission analyzer, 11-Laptop for data acquisition, 12, 13-Water In, out, 14-Fuel line, 15-Air line. 3.
It was shown a greater reduction in NOx, HC emissions as well as this increased Performance of the DICI engine.
Schematic diagram of Test Engine setup. 1-Diesel, biodiesel tanks, 2-Three way valve, 3-Burette, 4-Flywheel, 5-Eddy current dynamometer, 6-Speed display, 7-Load display, 8-Load adjusting wheel, 9-Airbox with Manometer, 10-Emission analyzer, 11-Laptop for data acquisition, 12, 13-Water In, out, 14-Fuel line, 15-Air line. 3.
It was shown a greater reduction in NOx, HC emissions as well as this increased Performance of the DICI engine.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Hugo Ricardo Zschommler Sandim, Rodrigo P. Siqueira, Tarcisio R. Oliveira
Following, the
material was cold rolled to a 80% reduction in thickness and annealed at 400-1000
o
C for 15 min.
Following, the coarse-grained material with a grain size of about 1 mm was cold rolled to a 80% reduction in thickness and annealed at 400-1000 o C (holding time of 15 min) to evaluate its softening behavior.
The orientation distribution function (ODF) was determined by the discrete-binning method from EBSD data.
Following, the coarse-grained material with a grain size of about 1 mm was cold rolled to a 80% reduction in thickness and annealed at 400-1000 o C (holding time of 15 min) to evaluate its softening behavior.
The orientation distribution function (ODF) was determined by the discrete-binning method from EBSD data.
Online since: April 2018
Authors: Nantana Thongdee, Sukasem Watcharamaisakul, Boris Golman
Ceramic membranes have received significant attention from both academia and industry, as they show the great potential in several important applications such as H2 separation, recovery of CO2 from natural gas and reduction of green-house gas emission from flue gas.
For example, ceramic microporous membranes are promising for H2 separation, recovery of CO2 from natural gas and reduction of green-house gas emission from flue gas, while dense oxygen ion-conducting membranes enable O2 separation from air at high temperatures [3].
These data confirm that an increase in H+/alkoxide mole ratio from 0.07 to 0.28 results in formation of particles of smaller median diameter.
For example, ceramic microporous membranes are promising for H2 separation, recovery of CO2 from natural gas and reduction of green-house gas emission from flue gas, while dense oxygen ion-conducting membranes enable O2 separation from air at high temperatures [3].
These data confirm that an increase in H+/alkoxide mole ratio from 0.07 to 0.28 results in formation of particles of smaller median diameter.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Nararat Ruangchaijatupon, Shutchon Premchaisawatt
Training data are trained to Model A to find classified positions.
It starts with providing testing data to Model A for classifying positions from RSS.
To obtain the best result, researchers [12, 13] suggest that these data need to perform the pre-process preparation such as data cleaning, data normalizing, data reduction, and etc.
Then, they are evaluated with testing data.
When training data are adequate, EFF can boost accuracy of every fundamental model as obviously seen since the amount of data are more than seven samples.
It starts with providing testing data to Model A for classifying positions from RSS.
To obtain the best result, researchers [12, 13] suggest that these data need to perform the pre-process preparation such as data cleaning, data normalizing, data reduction, and etc.
Then, they are evaluated with testing data.
When training data are adequate, EFF can boost accuracy of every fundamental model as obviously seen since the amount of data are more than seven samples.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Shao Cong Zheng, Fei Xiang Cheng, Zhi Juan Wang
Production of SO2 and lime from phosphogypsum reduced
With lignite in a nitrogen atmosphere
Shaocong Zheng*, Feixiang Cheng, Zhijuan Wang
(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China)
zhshcong2008@sina.com
Keywords: Phosphogypsum, Lignite, Reduced decomposition, Sulfur dioxide and lime
Abstract: In this study, using lignite as a reducer, the reaction characteristic of the reduction decomposition of phosphogypsum to SO2 and lime was investigated in a nitrogen atmosphere at different conditions.
A tube furnace was used to analyze the reductive decomposition process of PG mixed with lignite, and experimental data were collected to determine the optimum conditions for production SO2 and lime.
Data were collected to discuss the reaction mechanism.
Fig. 1 Schematic of the experimental apparatus 4.Results and Discussion 4.1 Effect of the Molar Proportions of Phosphogypsum and lignite Some earlier experimental data have shown that the mole ratio of PG and coal affected the decomposition process and the molar proportion of C:CaSO4=0.5-1.0 is suitable for the decomposition of phosphogypsum.
A tube furnace was used to analyze the reductive decomposition process of PG mixed with lignite, and experimental data were collected to determine the optimum conditions for production SO2 and lime.
Data were collected to discuss the reaction mechanism.
Fig. 1 Schematic of the experimental apparatus 4.Results and Discussion 4.1 Effect of the Molar Proportions of Phosphogypsum and lignite Some earlier experimental data have shown that the mole ratio of PG and coal affected the decomposition process and the molar proportion of C:CaSO4=0.5-1.0 is suitable for the decomposition of phosphogypsum.
Online since: August 2024
Authors: Veranita Veranita, Joli Supardi, Zulyaden Zulyaden, Hendra Hendra
Data retrieval
In this study the data used are primary data and secondary data.
Primary data is data obtained by researchers directly, namely data in the form of hot mix asphalt temperatures, while secondary data is existing data obtained from an agency or agency and can be used directly without the need for processing, namely data on heavy equipment from companies that act as project implementer (contractor) and job mix design data for hot mix asphalt[5].
Temperature data retrieval using a thermometer experimentally (direct measurement) on a hot mix asphalt transport truck.
At the time of delivery of the hot mix asphalt there is a slight delay when taking data/measuring the temperature of hot mix asphalt, the time spent on data collection is 2-3 minutes.
Conclusion From the results of research and data processing that has been carried out, several conclusions can be drawn, namely: 1.
Primary data is data obtained by researchers directly, namely data in the form of hot mix asphalt temperatures, while secondary data is existing data obtained from an agency or agency and can be used directly without the need for processing, namely data on heavy equipment from companies that act as project implementer (contractor) and job mix design data for hot mix asphalt[5].
Temperature data retrieval using a thermometer experimentally (direct measurement) on a hot mix asphalt transport truck.
At the time of delivery of the hot mix asphalt there is a slight delay when taking data/measuring the temperature of hot mix asphalt, the time spent on data collection is 2-3 minutes.
Conclusion From the results of research and data processing that has been carried out, several conclusions can be drawn, namely: 1.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Ying Xie
Relevant data is collected from National Bureau of Statistics of China (1981~2009).
Data analysis shows the proposed models, especially based on LS-SVMs, have more steady performance and higher accuracy.
So it is not appropriate to use these original data to analyze directly, we need to process the data beforehand and propose a proper approach to realize the prediction.
In this paper, 28 sets of data from Chinese statistical yearbooks have been selected as the sample to analyze, with data of the year 1989, 1998 and 2007 being the test sample and the rest 25 sets being the training sample.
To realize the prediction , first, convert the factor scores and 28 data of building energy consumption into scaled data of 0 to 1, and then take 25 factor scores of the training sample as the input P, the corresponding building energy consumption as the expected output T.
Data analysis shows the proposed models, especially based on LS-SVMs, have more steady performance and higher accuracy.
So it is not appropriate to use these original data to analyze directly, we need to process the data beforehand and propose a proper approach to realize the prediction.
In this paper, 28 sets of data from Chinese statistical yearbooks have been selected as the sample to analyze, with data of the year 1989, 1998 and 2007 being the test sample and the rest 25 sets being the training sample.
To realize the prediction , first, convert the factor scores and 28 data of building energy consumption into scaled data of 0 to 1, and then take 25 factor scores of the training sample as the input P, the corresponding building energy consumption as the expected output T.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Ling Lan, Shao Hui Ge, Yuan Dong Hou, Kun Hong Liu
Generally, the supported amorphous Ni-B alloy catalysts are synthesized from chemical reduction [2-4].
The electroless plating is characterized by the selective reduction of nickelous ions at the surface of the catalytic substrate immersed in an aqueous solution of nickelous ions, with continuous deposition on the substrate through the autocatalytic action of the deposit itself [17].
In addition, the amorphous structure of the as-prepared catalysts was shown by the SAED data.
Benefiting from photocatalytic reduction of Ag+ ions on TiO2, the Ag clusters were selectively deposited on the surface of TiO2 in the TiO2-Al2O3 supports, which makes the homogenous deposit of Ni-B clusters on supports.
The electroless plating is characterized by the selective reduction of nickelous ions at the surface of the catalytic substrate immersed in an aqueous solution of nickelous ions, with continuous deposition on the substrate through the autocatalytic action of the deposit itself [17].
In addition, the amorphous structure of the as-prepared catalysts was shown by the SAED data.
Benefiting from photocatalytic reduction of Ag+ ions on TiO2, the Ag clusters were selectively deposited on the surface of TiO2 in the TiO2-Al2O3 supports, which makes the homogenous deposit of Ni-B clusters on supports.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: János Kundrák, Gergely Szabó
The input data of the FEM simulation can be seen in Table 1, according to the AdvantEdgeTM software requirements.
The structure of slip-line field based on the FEM model, γ=-10°…10° Discussion By means of the applied slip-line field model (Fig. 1) on the basis of the slip-line field geometries constructed by different tool and rake angles, it can be observed that the tool-chip friction angle η determined by the BCD triangle occurring between the tool face and the deformed side of the chip continuously increases with the reduction of rake angle till γ=10°.
The change of friction angle depending on rake angle is demonstrated in Fig. 3, showing the relationship between the reduction of rake angle γ and friction angle η.
The rate forming of the force components is remarkable since with the reduction of the rake angle the curve for the two force components (Fc/Ft) continuously decreases whereas the relative stagnation of Fc, Ft continuously increases.
The structure of slip-line field based on the FEM model, γ=-10°…10° Discussion By means of the applied slip-line field model (Fig. 1) on the basis of the slip-line field geometries constructed by different tool and rake angles, it can be observed that the tool-chip friction angle η determined by the BCD triangle occurring between the tool face and the deformed side of the chip continuously increases with the reduction of rake angle till γ=10°.
The change of friction angle depending on rake angle is demonstrated in Fig. 3, showing the relationship between the reduction of rake angle γ and friction angle η.
The rate forming of the force components is remarkable since with the reduction of the rake angle the curve for the two force components (Fc/Ft) continuously decreases whereas the relative stagnation of Fc, Ft continuously increases.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ausonio Tuissi, Carlo Alberto Biffi, Alessandro Figini Albisetti
The samples used for the SEM analysis were used to acquire long X-Ray Diffraction data.
As reported in Figure 4-c, an evident decrease of the enthalpies can be observed from the first cycle to the third one while a less important reduction is associated to the introduction of Cr and Co.
This trend can be explained for the Cu content reduction.
- Microhardness reduction was measured for both Cr and Co addition in CuZr system, so potential improvement on workability could be expected.
As reported in Figure 4-c, an evident decrease of the enthalpies can be observed from the first cycle to the third one while a less important reduction is associated to the introduction of Cr and Co.
This trend can be explained for the Cu content reduction.
- Microhardness reduction was measured for both Cr and Co addition in CuZr system, so potential improvement on workability could be expected.