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Evaluation of Electrochemical Properties, Study of Chemical and Mechanical Stability Supported with Ionic Transport and Surface Charge Density Mechanism of PVC Based Cobalt Tungstate Cation Exchange Membrane Mohammad Mujahid Ali Khana*and Anish Khan aApplied Science and Humanities Section, University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002- India b Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia.
The pore diameters of the membrane were very small and the distribution of CT and PVC particles was relatively uniform and form heterogeneous structure in the membrane matrix.
In XRD analysis, the X-rays interact with a crystal such that a diffraction pattern is formed due to the internal periodicity of its structure.
The directions of diffraction pattern depend on the lattice structure of crystal, while intensities depend on the nature and arrangement of scattering material within the unit cell.
Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India) for providing necessary research facilities.

Silicocarnotite Synthesis and Bioactivity in Artificial Saliva Medium Adil Bouregbaa* and Adeljebbar Diourib Laboratory of Applied Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco abouregba.fssm@gmail.com, badeljebbar.diouri@gmail.com *Corresponding author: bouregba.fssm@gmail.com, Phone: +212 6 02024366 Keywords: Silicocarnotite; Hydroxyapatite; Bioactivity; Artificial Saliva; Biomaterials.
In this circumstance, silicocarnotite (Ca5(PO4)2SiO4) is a calcium silicophosphate with carnotite structure, similar to hydroxyapatite, and presents a great range of CaO, SiO2 and P2O5 solid solutions.
The spectra of silicocarnotite demonstrate the contribution of both silicate and phosphate units of its structure.
The interpretation of the spectra is not evident in view of the covering and combination of bands corresponding to SiO4 and PO4 groups which are forming the structure mainly between 500-700 cm-1.
Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 181 (2008) 1950-60

The increase in hydroxyl (-OH) groups in the lignin structure likely contributed to greater UV absorption capability [4].
The lignin structure is rich in phenolic compounds containing hydroxyl groups, which play a critical role in disrupting microbial cells.
Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment, p.100194
Effect of lignin extracted by different methods on the properties and structure of lignin/starch fiber membranes.
Green Chemistry, 22(19), pp.6357-6371.

Influence mechanism of lime on strength and water-resistance properties of phosphogypsum autoclaved brick Lin Yang1, a, Jianxin Cao2, b and Lin Qian3, c 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550023, China 2 Corresponding author, Graduate School of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550023, China 3 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550023, China ace.lyang@gzu.edu.cn, bjxcao@gzu.edu.cn, ccelinqian@126.com Keywords: Lime, Phosphorus slag, Phosphogypsum autoclaved brick, Properties, Mechanism Abstract.
At present, phosphogypsum autoclaved bricks are used for non-load bearing masonry walls mainly for infill walls of framed structures and load bearing walls of low rise buildings in China.
The strength and water-resistance properties of the condensed structure, which are built of C-S-H(gel), tobermorite, and insoluble anhydrous calcium sulfate, are higher than the structure combined with capillary force.

Removal of Heavy Metals by Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone)/Laponite Nanocomposite Hydrogels Yanming Wang1,a, Daji Shang2,b and Zhongwei Niu1,c 1 National Research Center of Engineering Plastics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2 Institute of Chemistry, Science of School, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China awangym@mail.ipc.ac.cn, bshangdjdj@163.com, cniu@mail.ipc.ac.cn Keywords: Nanocomposite hydrogel; Laponite; Adsorption; Desorption.
While, for the free-dried hydrogel samples (Fig. 2c inset), macroporous structure is clearly observed with pore size around 10 μm.
Takehisa, Nanocomposite hydrogels: A unique organic-inorganic network structure with extraordinary mechanical, optical, and swelling/de-swelling properties, Adv.
Haraguchi, Synthesis and properties of soft nanocomposite materials with novel organic/inorganic network structures, Polym.

Argon-arc welding is the most commonly used in the manufacture of welded structures of light non-ferrous alloys.
A fracture is a uniform brittle ruptured surface with a crystalline structure without noticeable signs of macroplastic deformation.
Chernyshov, Arc welding of discretely reinforced composite material of the AL_SiC system, Physics and chemistry of processing of materials. 4 (1999) 57 – 62
Chernyshova, Arc welding of discretely reinforced composite materials with aluminium matrices: structure and properties, Harvesting production in mechanical engineering. 5 (2004) 5-9
Chernyshev, Argonodukovaya build-up of dispersed-strengthened aluminium composite materials, Physics and chemistry of materials processing. 4 (2005) 67-71.

Enhancement of Tensile Properties of Surface Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber/Poly(butylene succinate) Biocomposite by (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane Yoon Yee Then1,a*, Nor Azowa Ibrahim1,b, Norhazlin Zainuddin1,c, Buong Woei Chieng1,d, Chern Chiet Eng1,e, Hidayah Ariffin2,f, Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus3,g 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 3Department of Chemistry, Centre For Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ayoonyeetyy84@yahoo.com, bnorazowa@upm.edu.my, chazlin@upm.edu.my, dchieng891@gmail.com, esteven_eng88@live.com, fhidayah@upm.edu.my, gwanmdzin@upnm.edu.my Keywords: (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane; Biocomposites; Oil palm Mesocarp Fiber; Poly(butylene succinate); Tensile
The structures of PBS and APTMS are shown in Fig. 1.
Structures of (a) PBS and (b) (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane.
The replacement of OPMF with SNOPMF changed the morphological structure of the biocomposite, which can be seen in Fig. 7b.

This effectiveness depended on the chemical nature of adsorbent, its specific surface area, structure, and capacity [10, 11, 12].
Solid pyrolysis product of wood waste The results of the microstructure study using a scanning electron microscope ("Jeol JSM-6390 LA") indicate that the wood waste pyrolysis product had a porous structure (Fig. 2).
Porous structure maked it possible to predict sorption.
Barakat, New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater, Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 4 (2011) 361-377
Mavrin, Particle size and zeta potential changes in the disperse phase of water-emulsified waste waters in different treatment stages, Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils. 51(5) (2015) 501-504.

Experimental research is conducted in [13] on the effect of artificial disturbance on structure formation (jets) when the water film flow over a vertical plate with a heater.
When the flame tube is deepened in the evaporator chamber, the value of air velocity in it on radius level off, the air has a more stable structure – in the Central part of the vortex is a clearly visible region of the discharge.
Shkolnikov, Fuels, lubricating materials, technical liquids: assortment and application, Chemistry, Moscow, 1989
Malinovskyi, Oily lubricating-cooling liquids for treatment of metals cutting, Chemistry, Moscow, 1988
Chinnov, Management forming of structures in heater tape of liquid, Heat and mass transfer and physical gas dynamics. 1 (2009)

The structure of the nickel-boron deposits was investigated by X-ray diffraction, with a Siemens D500 X-rays θ–θ apparatus applying Cu Ka (1,54 Ǻ).
Results and discussion Chemistry, morphology and structure of the coating.
X-ray diffraction patterns of as-deposited and heat treated ENi-B coatings are well known: the deposits are X-ray amorphous in the as-deposited state and are crystallized in their heat treated state, the amount of Ni, Ni3B and Ni2B phases varying with the samples chemistry.
The vacuum treatment has thus a smaller influence on the structure of the coating than the ammonia treatment, which is not surprising knowing the important modifications of morphology brought by this second treatment.