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Online since: October 2006
Authors: Ik Min Park, Yong Ho Park, Dae Hyun Song, Kyung Mok Cho, S.W. Lee, C.W. Lee, K.Y. Nam
Generally, the methods for the weight reduction of automobiles are using the materials
with low density and high strength/stiffness to weight ratio.
Recently, the low density of magnesium alloys has motivated the development of structural Mg alloys for automobiles, where weight reduction is needed to achieve high fuel efficiency [1, 2].
Based on the data from XRD and EDS spectra, the small particles appear to be Mg3Sb2 and Al4Sr, respectively.
Alloys Minimum creep rate (s -1) Rupture time (hr) Reduction of area (%) AS52 8.97 x 10-5 43.4 12.07 AS52 - Sb 5.81 x 10-5 57.8 12.85 AS52 - Sr 5.56 x 10-5 68.1 12.92 The creep properties(150 /65 MPa) of the AS52-(Sr and Sb) alloys are compared in Table 4.
Recently, the low density of magnesium alloys has motivated the development of structural Mg alloys for automobiles, where weight reduction is needed to achieve high fuel efficiency [1, 2].
Based on the data from XRD and EDS spectra, the small particles appear to be Mg3Sb2 and Al4Sr, respectively.
Alloys Minimum creep rate (s -1) Rupture time (hr) Reduction of area (%) AS52 8.97 x 10-5 43.4 12.07 AS52 - Sb 5.81 x 10-5 57.8 12.85 AS52 - Sr 5.56 x 10-5 68.1 12.92 The creep properties(150 /65 MPa) of the AS52-(Sr and Sb) alloys are compared in Table 4.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Loredana Santo
The experiments were performed by an autonomous device which was in turn composed of control and heating system, battery pack and data acquisition system.
Fig. 2 shows the aspect of the specimen with a reduction of 62% before and after the memory step.
Fig. 2 Memory step in constrained conditions, height reduction = 62% (hfin = 20 mm).
Temperature data logs and video cameras were used to measure the foam recovery as a function of time.
The lower volume contains the control unit including the heating system, a camera and the experiment unit with its data acquisition system.
Fig. 2 shows the aspect of the specimen with a reduction of 62% before and after the memory step.
Fig. 2 Memory step in constrained conditions, height reduction = 62% (hfin = 20 mm).
Temperature data logs and video cameras were used to measure the foam recovery as a function of time.
The lower volume contains the control unit including the heating system, a camera and the experiment unit with its data acquisition system.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Ting Liu, Qian Su, Wen Chao Zhang, Hao Bai
At the same time, data calculation can provide the theoretical evidence for the factory manufacturing lines.
It is an approximation algorithm that discards the no-linear factor in the structural construction, but data of such kind method is not as accurate as the actual structure of the construction and installation.
As for the live load factor, considering the transverse fold reduction of the train, the value of reduction coefficient changes with the increase of the number of lanes.
By using the ultimate cumulative displacement and the data of target design linear, we can calculate the stress free alignment required in the design of steel box girder, and manufacturing alignment.
It is an approximation algorithm that discards the no-linear factor in the structural construction, but data of such kind method is not as accurate as the actual structure of the construction and installation.
As for the live load factor, considering the transverse fold reduction of the train, the value of reduction coefficient changes with the increase of the number of lanes.
By using the ultimate cumulative displacement and the data of target design linear, we can calculate the stress free alignment required in the design of steel box girder, and manufacturing alignment.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Ayo Samuel Afolabi, Ambali Saka Abdulkareem, Edison Muzenda
This result is also comparable to other data obtained in previously studied work which employed the same conventional treatment parameters.
Despite the benefits of the automotive oil listed above, these viscous liquids de-grade when exposed to severe build-up of temperature, thus leading to reduction in properties such as: viscosity, specific gravity, etc.
With increased time of usage, the lubricating oil loses its lubricating properties as a result of over-reduction of desired properties, and thus must be evacuated and a fresh one replaced [1].
This finding is however, contrary to that of Koh [2] where he traced reduction in treatment efficiency at low temperatures such as 15oC to either poor agitation at high viscosity or failure to attain equilibrium at that temperature.
Despite the benefits of the automotive oil listed above, these viscous liquids de-grade when exposed to severe build-up of temperature, thus leading to reduction in properties such as: viscosity, specific gravity, etc.
With increased time of usage, the lubricating oil loses its lubricating properties as a result of over-reduction of desired properties, and thus must be evacuated and a fresh one replaced [1].
This finding is however, contrary to that of Koh [2] where he traced reduction in treatment efficiency at low temperatures such as 15oC to either poor agitation at high viscosity or failure to attain equilibrium at that temperature.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Rong Shean Lee, Ta Wei Chien
All researches have presented their experimental data which could justify the criterion they presented.
Besides, the experimental data is quite fit with the forming limit curve predicted by Cockcroft criterion.
All researches have presented their experimental data which could justify the criterion they presented.
In this method, all the experimental data should be obtained by stretch.
From the experimental data recorded, it was found that all the strain paths in the central region are close to linear.
Besides, the experimental data is quite fit with the forming limit curve predicted by Cockcroft criterion.
All researches have presented their experimental data which could justify the criterion they presented.
In this method, all the experimental data should be obtained by stretch.
From the experimental data recorded, it was found that all the strain paths in the central region are close to linear.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Thanapong Suwanasri, Warunee Srisongkram, Ratana Kem, Phanupong Fuangpian
The actual data of all equipments in substation are used in the simulated circuit by using ATP/EMTP program.
Two power transformers are modeled using BCTRAN model with the data from manufacturer test report.
Table 1 The parameter data in KTL substation Equipment Parameter Equipment Parameter 1.
Therefore, increasing inductance results in the reduction of inrush current frequency, its rate of change and overvoltage at busbar.
Conclusion The simulation of capacitor bank switching in 115 kV substation is presented in this work by using actual data from substation.
Two power transformers are modeled using BCTRAN model with the data from manufacturer test report.
Table 1 The parameter data in KTL substation Equipment Parameter Equipment Parameter 1.
Therefore, increasing inductance results in the reduction of inrush current frequency, its rate of change and overvoltage at busbar.
Conclusion The simulation of capacitor bank switching in 115 kV substation is presented in this work by using actual data from substation.
Online since: March 2004
Authors: Young Won Chang, Tae Kwon Ha, Sang Ho Ahn, Hwan Jin Sung
By applying this new model to not only
the results obtained in this study but also to previously published data, its generality and validity were
sufficiently verified.
It is interesting to note that the less the initial pores the smaller the reduction of strength due to increase in porosity.
Salak Fleck & Smith Tronshenko Exner & Pohl model is applied to the experimental data showing a very good agreement in the entire range of porosity.
Data Relative Strength Porosity Expected Experiment 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Pi = 0.4 Exp.
Data Relative Strength Porosity Expected Experiment [14] H.
It is interesting to note that the less the initial pores the smaller the reduction of strength due to increase in porosity.
Salak Fleck & Smith Tronshenko Exner & Pohl model is applied to the experimental data showing a very good agreement in the entire range of porosity.
Data Relative Strength Porosity Expected Experiment 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Pi = 0.4 Exp.
Data Relative Strength Porosity Expected Experiment [14] H.
Online since: May 2015
Authors: Tai Ping Chang
The vehicle-induced responses of the bridge in the damaged state are used as input data for damage identification and the response sensitivities with respect to the damage indices of the elements are calculated to establish the sensitivity matrix.
The vehicle-induced responses of the bridge in the damaged state are used as input data for damage identification and the response sensitivities with respect to the damage indices of the elements are computed to establish the sensitivity matrix.
The damage index of the bridge can be denoted as the relative reduction ratio of the norm of the element stiffness.
Assuming the damage index is related only to the stiffness of the dynamic system, the following differentiation equation can be achieved: (3) It is noted that the velocity response and the displacement response, computed from Eq. (1), are the input data for Eq. (3).
The vehicle-induced responses of the bridge in the damaged state are used as input data for damage identification and the response sensitivities with respect to the damage indices of the elements are computed to establish the sensitivity matrix.
The vehicle-induced responses of the bridge in the damaged state are used as input data for damage identification and the response sensitivities with respect to the damage indices of the elements are computed to establish the sensitivity matrix.
The damage index of the bridge can be denoted as the relative reduction ratio of the norm of the element stiffness.
Assuming the damage index is related only to the stiffness of the dynamic system, the following differentiation equation can be achieved: (3) It is noted that the velocity response and the displacement response, computed from Eq. (1), are the input data for Eq. (3).
The vehicle-induced responses of the bridge in the damaged state are used as input data for damage identification and the response sensitivities with respect to the damage indices of the elements are computed to establish the sensitivity matrix.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Shahnor Basri, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, S.N.A. Safri, N. Razali, Noorfaizal Yidris, Faizal Mustapha
All of the signals captured from the impact test were recorded using a ballistic data acquisition system.
This weight reduction results in improved mobility, fuel efficiency and transportability of armoured vehicles [1].
This instrument was connected to a ballistic data acquisition system to record the responses from the impact test.
The test machine consists of five main components, which are the catch chamber, ballistic data acquisition system, pressure reservoir unit, the firing mechanism unit and the launching unit.
The response signals from each test specimen were recorded using a ballistic data acquisition system.
This weight reduction results in improved mobility, fuel efficiency and transportability of armoured vehicles [1].
This instrument was connected to a ballistic data acquisition system to record the responses from the impact test.
The test machine consists of five main components, which are the catch chamber, ballistic data acquisition system, pressure reservoir unit, the firing mechanism unit and the launching unit.
The response signals from each test specimen were recorded using a ballistic data acquisition system.
Online since: January 2019
Authors: Dorcas A. Ayeni, Olaniyi O. Aluko, Morisade O. Adegbie
Using secondary data, the paper identifies the benefits of vegetation in and around buildings to include improvement of indoor air quality through the aesthetics quality of the environment and concludes that vegetation in and around building will in no small measure contributes to saving energy consumption.
According to [2], the building sector has the largest potential for delivering long term, significant and cost-effective greenhouse gas emission reductions and thereby recommended improving building energy efficiency to mitigate greenhouse gas emission and climate change.
The paper employs secondary data to elicit information on the impact of vegetation on solar control towards enhanced thermal comfort and energy performance in building Building Envelope and Thermal Comfort in Buildings The building envelope is the intermediate barrier (separating boundary) between the outdoor and the indoor environment.
The large-scale use of cool materials in urban areas leads also to indirect energy savings due to the increased solar reflectance that contributes to the reduction of the air temperature because of surface heat balance at the urban level.
Vol 14, 2. 172-181 [23] World Health Organisation (2016) Urban Population Growth, Global Health Observatory Data. www.who-int/gho/urban_health/situation_trends/urban_population_growth_text/en/ [24] M.Sala, G.
According to [2], the building sector has the largest potential for delivering long term, significant and cost-effective greenhouse gas emission reductions and thereby recommended improving building energy efficiency to mitigate greenhouse gas emission and climate change.
The paper employs secondary data to elicit information on the impact of vegetation on solar control towards enhanced thermal comfort and energy performance in building Building Envelope and Thermal Comfort in Buildings The building envelope is the intermediate barrier (separating boundary) between the outdoor and the indoor environment.
The large-scale use of cool materials in urban areas leads also to indirect energy savings due to the increased solar reflectance that contributes to the reduction of the air temperature because of surface heat balance at the urban level.
Vol 14, 2. 172-181 [23] World Health Organisation (2016) Urban Population Growth, Global Health Observatory Data. www.who-int/gho/urban_health/situation_trends/urban_population_growth_text/en/ [24] M.Sala, G.