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Online since: May 2021
Authors: Yuri Kisel, Igor Borzdyko, Larisa Markaryants, Sergei Simokhin
It is of great practical interest to generalize the data obtained by researchers in this field in order to develop a theory of the formation of defects in the structure of electrolytic iron, allowing to explain the origin of its so-called physical and mechanical properties [6-8].
Experimental data were processed using mathematical statistics methods.
In course of processing the experimental data, regression coefficients were determined that adequately describe the dependencies of the mosaic block size (D), dislocation density (ρ), micro-distortions (ε) and micro-hardness of the coatings upon the parameters of electrolysis (electrolyte flow rate - Х1; concentration of electrocorundum particles - Х2 and cathodic current density - Х3).
More severe electrolysis regime (further increase of cathodic current density) causes increase of dislocation density and reduction of mosaic block size to limit values (at dilatation δ = 0.08 … 0.09), followed by formation of stable submicrocracks in them (Fig. 2).
The investigation of fine structure of coatings obtained during high-speed deposition showed that the increase of coating microhardness is caused by reduction of block size and increase of the density of dislocations.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Xiao Liu, Xu Liang, Jie Zhu, Zi Ming Wang, Jue Zhao
Although BPO can dissolve in liquid macromonomer at high temperature, the reactivity difference of free radicals might lead to reduction of polymerization conversion.
Additionally in bulk polymerization system, the non-stretched carboxyl groups on the same side of MA with cis-structure may lead to reduction of polymerization efficiency.
Compared with the fluidity data for AIBN-TPEG-80 in Fig. 1(b), the fluidity data for FA as the third monomer in Fig. 2 showed that adding FA even increased the initial fluidity, indicating its good polymerization adaptability with TPEG by bulk polymerization.
The highest peak corresponding to unreacted monomers and this further proves the low initiation efficiency in BPO initiating system, which was in accordance with its paste fluidity data.
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Andrei V. Morozov, Anna V. Pityk, Sergei V. Ragulin, Aleksandra S. Soshkina
The scheme of boric acid mass transfer in WWER-TOI reactor in LB LOCA. 1 – perforated reactor barrel; 2 – separating collar; 3 – emergency core cooling system nozzle; 4 – core;  – steam flow;  – condensate flow;  – flow of boric acid from hydroaccumulators According to literature data, the density of the boric acid solution depends on its concentration and the density of water [6].
The maximum concentration of boric acid solution corresponding to the beginning of crystallization depends on the temperature [7]: increase of temperature leads to a sharp increase in the maximum concentration (solubility) of boric acid solution, the reduction of temperature leads to the decrease.
Considering boiling process in the reactor core, one may talk of water proportion reduction in the reactor by the process of vaporization and increasing of boric acid concentration in the core bottom where it is cooled in interaction with the colder metal structures.
Calculation of Boric Acid Accumulation in the Core Depending on its Concentration in HA-3 System In the calculation, the number of assumptions have been made, necessitated by the complexity of the processes occurring in the loop, or lack of data on the properties of water solutions of boric acid: 1.
Initial data for the calculation were the characteristics of passive core reflooding systems, shown in Table 2.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: G. Peláez, C.J. Luis-Pérez, A. Resano, B. Tjahjono, Luis Pinto Ferreira, Enrique Ares
In accordance with this, and throughout this work, a warm-up period of 56 hours (3360 minutes) was considered, during which the data collected were not considered for statistical purposes [5, 11-13].
This fact has proved to be useful since it allows for a reduction of the costs incurring from a smaller number of circulating pallets [5].
Table 2 (where PL1 represents the number of pallets circulating on loop 1), and considering the data presented in table 1, presents a comparative analysis of the results obtained by Resano [6] through analytical models, with those reached by resorting to the simulation model.
This fact has proved to be useful since it may allow for the reduction of the costs resulting from a smaller number of circulating pallets.
In table 4 (where PL2 represents the number of pallets circulating on loop 2), and considering the data presented in table 3, a comparative analysis is undertaken of the results reached by Resano [6], through analytical methods, and those obtained by resorting to the simulation model.
Online since: June 2004
Authors: Gerhard Pensl, Takeshi Ohshima, Michael Laube, Kin Kiong Lee
The wet-oxidized sample reveals a higher DIT close to the conduction band edge than the dry-oxidized one, which leads to a reduction of the free electron density in the channel of the wet-oxidized MOSFET.
In case of sample B, the calculated curve (solid) and experimental points (triangles) proceed largely parallel, whereas for sample A the experimental data (squares) strongly deviate from the theoretical curve (dotted).
According to [5] the trap concentration can be calculated by forming the difference between the experimental data and the ideal theoretical curve at fixed free electron density.
It is almost identical in both samples and increases with increasing UG indicating that screening of charged traps by free electrons leads to a reduction of Coulomb scattering [6].
The decrease of µH,e below 150K is dominated by Coulomb scattering at charged traps; in this temperature range, no gate voltage VG(V) 10 100 50 electron Hall mobility µ H,e (cm2/Vs) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 100 electron Hall mobility µ H,e (cm2/Vs) 200 100 bulk 6H 300 500 temperature T (K) a) b) sample A (wet) sample B (dry) 50 sample A (wet) 296K 143K sample B (dry) 296K 143K Fig. 2a) Electron Hall mobility µH,e as a function of gate voltage UG of sample A (squares) and sample B (triangles) taken at 296K (open symbols) and 143K (full symbols). b) Temperature dependence of the electron Hall mobility; the symbols correspond to experimental data, the dotted curve is an eye guide connecting the experimental points.
Online since: May 2006
Authors: Seok Heo, Kwang Jin Kim, Myung Hyun Lee, Deuk Yong Lee, Bae Yeon Kim
Data acquisition was achieved via the Matlab connected to a real-time workshop of d-Space, throughout the experiment.
In this figure, experiment and model data match before reaching the peak but show different paths of relaxation.
One shows an initial fast response (A) and follows relaxation (B) and further reduction in force generation capability (C).
Further reduction in force generation, the reversal to the initial direction, occurs in Region-C.
The obtained modulus data and electro-responsive blocking force curves, as given in ref. 6, indicate that M-CNTs appear to be uniformly dispersed in a continuous polymer matrix and significantly affect the mechanical properties and electromechanical responses.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Ain Nihla Kamarudzaman, Suhaimi Abdul Talib, Tay Chia Chay, Amnorzahira Amir
The experimental data showed that Fe(II) biosorption onto Pleurotus spent mushroom compost were well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model and a pseudo-second order kinetic model.
Conventional methods such as chemical precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation and reduction have been applied for industrial wastewater treatment [7, 8].
The experimental data were fitted to the linear Langmuir plot of Ce/qe versus Ce
The charge repulsion occurred between the biosorbent surface and Fe(II) ion and thus, resulting in reduction of Fe(II) biosorption [13, 14].
Therefore, the experimental data were well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and a pseudo-second order kinetic model.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Lu Chen, Yong Biao Yang, Yuan Shi
It divided a large number of complex historical data set into some mixed groups.
From above analysis, the most relevant data with highest temperature in the daily load data is power in the stable period (11:15-16:00).
According to above daily load calculation method in chapter 2, we can obtain all stable load data.Then count daily highest temperature and record them in the table.Part of the data are shown in Table 1.
Compare the results with actual opertation data and analyze the validity of models.
Most of the data errors are within 10%, and only 4 days data errors are higher than 10%.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Khaled M. Shokry
Filler materials are used extensively with polyester resin for a variety of reasons like cost reduction, and more importantly to enhance some physical and/or mechanical properties.
This is a general filler commonly used for cost reduction in many thermoset resins, while keeping an appropriate level of mechanical properties and without much drop in viscosity.
Anyhow, other organic and inorganic fillers were also employed mainly for the cost reduction and favorably for enhancing some of the composite properties.
These results are in well agreement with other published data [8].
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Khosrow Ghavami, Eric Monteiro Lobo Lobo Luz, Fatima Ventura Pereira-Meirelles, Aline Assumpção, Raquel dos Santos Martins, Tommaso del Rosso, Omar Pandoli
We present a simple and rapid production of Ag-NPs made by a sol-gel synthesis in flow mode by means of microreactor tecnology through a chemical reduction of AgNO3 with NaBH4 in presence of two different organic ligands: sodium/potassium tartrate and trisodium citrate.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized employing sodium borohydride as reduction agent, and two organic ligands, Na3Citrate, and NaK Tartrate, as stabilizers.
The reduction process, in batch and flow mode, always carried out at room temperature with a molar ratio NaBH4 : AgNO3 of 2:1.
From 48-72hs all the plates present a similar sporulation pattern (data not shown) .
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