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The luminescence properties of the prepared glasses was found to be strongly affected by varying the concentration of Er3+ ions. 1.
However, high concentration of RE ions resulting for it to cluster and subsequently influence the local environment of RE and optical properties of glass host [4].
The role of Er3+ ions in modifying the optical and luminescence properties was understood.
It is important to look at the optical properties regarding Judd-Ofelt (JO) parameters.
Reddy,Judd–Ofelt analysis and photoluminescence properties of RE3+(RE= Er & Nd): Cadmium lithium boro tellurite glasses.

There are mainly two factors relating to the larger shrinkage.
Zhang, Mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete under uniaxial loading, Cement and Concrete Research. 35 (2005) 1187-1194
Khatib, Properties of concrete incorporating fine recycled aggregate, Cement and Concrete Research. 35 (2005) 763-769
Wang, A review on long-term properties of recycled aggregate concrete, Structural Engineers. 21(3) (2005) 73-76.
Ryu, An experimental study on the effect of recycled aggregate on concrete properties, Magazine of Concrete Research. 54 (1) (2002) 7- 12

The present study found that the factors, which influence storage and freshness of edible fungi, are respiration, transpiration, and browning.
This article, in view of the factors that influence edible fungi freshness-keeping effect, came up with this summary on freshness-keeping technology.
Temperature and proteinase are important factors in the decay of mushrooms.
Maturity, respiration, water content, mechanical damage, and microbial infection can affect the shelf life of edible fungi.
Effect of integrated application of gamma irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging on physicochemical and microbiological properties of shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes).

The resistance of each effective conductive path, the number of effective conductive path and average effective cross-sectional area of the insulating film between the adjacent conductive particles are key factors of the piezoresistivity.
They found that carbon black concentration has great effects on the relation between uniaxial pressure and the electrical resistance of the composite and the electrical resistance of effective of a single effective conductive path and the number of effective conductive path(s) are two key factors of the piezoresistivity.
The properties of carbon black are presented in Table 1.
Mechanical stirring along with ultrasonic vibration was also used for particle dispersion.
Table 1 Properties of carbon black Type Average diameter (nm) Apparent density (g/cm3) Specific surface area (m2/g) Resistivity (Ωcm) ECP-CB-1 30~40 0.07~0.08 1000~ 1100 0.2~ 0.6 Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental system Results and discussion Fig.2 shows the curve of the applied strain with time.

The evaluation of the adequacy of the proposed model for cutting force components is carried out on the basis of a specially conducted experimental research of the profile turning process with direct measurement of forces at different levels of varying technological factors.
Thus, the developed dependences of the coordinate components of cutting forces on technological factors (parameters of cutting conditions, strength properties of the processed material, deformation properties of the technological system, etc.) allow using them for the practical application of machining error models in the matrix theory of multitool machining accuracy.
In this case, the position of the OA line already takes into account chip friction on the front surface of the tool, since the angle β1 is now determined experimentally usually by the chip shrinkage factor by the amount already affected by chip friction on the front surface of the tool.
Then: σ=σiπ23, (5) In turn, the intensity of stress si is determined by the properties of a particular material to provide a particular resistance to large plastic deformation flows (characteristic for cutting) through the values of strain intensity εi, their speed εi0 and T° temperature of the deformed metal, i.e. σi=fεi, εioT°.
Therefore, the following factors must be taken into account: 1) Variable, along the width of the cutter, direction of the elementary section normals. 2) Difference in chip convergence between convex and concave sections of the same radius due to the mutual influence of chip convergence on neighboring elementary sections.

Ceramic Materials Characteristics Ceramic Materials Physical Properties.Table 1 shows physical properties of several commonly used ceramic materials, cast iron, carbon steel and stainless steel[5].As shown in Table 1, the strength of Si3N4 and SiC ceramic is higher than that of Al2O3 ceramic, about the Al2O3 respectively 2.4 times and 2.2 times, and their prices are lower than that of ZrO2.
Physical Properties of Several Commonly Used Ceramic Materials, Cast Iron, Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Materials Damage Toughness (KIC) Average Flexural Strength (kgf/mm2) Webb's coefficient Hardness (HR) Expansion Ratio×106 (40～800℃) Young's modulus×106 (kgf/mm2) Thermal Conductivity (Cal/cm℃·s) specific gravity Al2O3 2.5～4.5 25 11 A87 7.9 3.5 0.06 3.8 Si3N4 3.5～6.5 60 13 A91 3.2 3 0.04 3.2 SiC 3.5～4.5 55 8 A94 4.2 4 0.16 3.1 ZrO2 9～16 15 11 A91 9.2 2.1 0.005 6.05 Cast Iron 20～25 ＞25 ＜B100 10.39 1.1 0.11 7.25 Carbon Steel ＞200 ＞41 B67.7～87.8 11.53 1.96 0.13 7.83 Stainless Steel ＞53 ＜B90 16.84 1.93 0.039 7.82 Ceramic Materials Friction Properties.Through Si3N4 tribological experiments in water medium, it is known that the low shear strength of hydrate produced in tribochemical reaction makes the wear surface of Si3N4 ceramic more smooth, so as to reduce the friction coefficient and help to form dynamic pressure effect.There are SiC, Al2O3 and other ceramics which
The fluid flowing into the valve often contains fine particles which bring in a gook deal of wear and tear to the inwall with the impact of the fluid.As a result of the complex interaction of many factors, it emphasizes on the consideration of particles speed on wear effects, and the amount of wear can be expressed as follows: (1) In (1),W——the amount of wear;V——the particles speed;n——the friction coefficient, generally takes 2～6.
Regulating handle Water Hydraulic High-speed On/Off Valve Ceramic Valve Core Structure.Given the water saturation vapour pressure and density of high, viscosity of low, compressibility of small, and other special physical and chemical properties, this paper uses two position three way cone valve structure as the body of the water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve, which chooses corrosion resistant aluminum alloy, the surface after the anode oxidation process.
(3) Research on the properties of water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve ceramic-based provides a good theoretical basis and experimental data for later development of water hydraulic components.

UV-Vis analysis was conducted to characterize the optical properties of Au and Au/GO samples.
This analysis shows that the thickness of GO and suitable operating wavelength are very crucial factors in optimizing the optical properties of the sensors.
Different output value as the transmittance light with wavelength of 1310 nm and 1550 nm had been obtained due to the light attenuation factors associated with the fiber optics materials and the glucose concentration [30].
This result indicates that the number of GO layers mainly influenced the sensing properties of Au/GO partial unclad SMF for detection of glucose.
To improve its sensitivity, increasing the depth of unclad area is believed able to optimize the sensing properties of the sensor.

There are many efforts have been done by researchers in their studies to develop the mechanical properties of the ZTA cutting tool [9].
Despite that, it also improved the mechanical properties of the sample.
One of the factors for the chipping to occur is the sudden loss of sharp cutting edge [17].
The vibrations caused the waves on the machined surface and affecting the tool to chip.
Ahmad, Role of MgO nanoparticles on zirconia-toughened alumina-5 wt-% CeO2 ceramics mechanical properties, Mat.

Devaradjane3c 1V.Gnanamoorthi Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering Villupuram , Villupuram 605103, India 2K.Udhayakumar Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering Villupuram , Villupuram 605103, India 3G.
The resulting emission indicated that the high heat of vaporization of ethanol affect CO and HC emission considerably.
Ethanol has fossil based fuel many properties which makes it useful as a fuel for internal combustion it has a higher octane number.
The latter may have detrimental repercussions on the constructional endurance of the engine, as it may be proven to be harmful to engine mechanical strength (R.G.
Also intake air preheat is a major factor to affect vaporization process since it provides additional energy to ethanol - diesel blends.

When returning to the room temperature, the specimens are inspected for its structural properties.
The factors that affect the formation and morphology of the cracks include the shape of penetrator, the load, the character of the materials, etc.
And this is just the reason for the massive rectangular spalling of the coating in Fig.4 So in order to improve the adhesion properties of the coating, it’s as important to reduce the density of the radiated cracks on the substrate as to improve the deformation compatibility between the substrate and the coating.
Surely, the factors that affect the interface bonding strength also include the boundary structure of the coating/substrate and the residual stress of the system.
Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2008,32(5):23-25.