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The bitumen has properties that are sensitive to changes in temperature.
Rutting is believed to be affected by several properties of asphalt concrete (AC) in addition to temperature and loading effects.
The key factors that affect rutting must be identified to minimize the potential for rutting and to optimize the design process by modifying these important factors [2].
Table 1 Aggregate Properties No.
The curve illustrated in Figure 1 shows each loading cycle for the two types of asphalt concrete mixtures with different asphalt properties.

Marshalling sequence according to the calculated ri, and which items of comparative data series have closed relationship with reference data series will be found, namely the correlation degree is relatively large, so it’s convenient to find mainly influencing factors from numerous factors, and it contributes to analysis and prediction of water quality.
Cause analysis of groundwater Grey relational analysis shows that Ca2+ is the main factors which influence the total hardness, the main elements influencing the conductivity are SO42- and HCO3-, SO42- is also the controlling factor of mineralization.
Since Poyang Lake is located in the south China, the groundwater is also mainly impacted by the latter two factors.
The results show that the variation of total hardness is mainly affected by Ca2+; SO42- content is the main factor that causes the variation of conductivity and mineralization.
The results of factor analysis show that Ca2+ and HCO3- in groundwater mainly affected by geological conditions, while SO42- content is closely related to humanity and natural factors, for instances, mining waste rock, burning coal and heavy rainfall in the south.

For example, the coherence length of phonons affects heat conduction, whereas magnetic properties are determined by the size of magnetic domains [1-4].
The network geometry depends on a number of factors, most of which have been already mentioned above.
The technological potential of MWP directly originates from the properties of microwaves.
Restricted to materials with suitable dielectric properties.
Eckert, in: Nanostructured materials: Processing, properties, and applications, edited by C.C.

PVA solutions can form physical gels from various types of solvents and these properties led to the use of PVA in a wide range of applications in medical, cosmetic, food, packaging industries and pharmaceuticals [15].
Physically, since closely correlated factors determine surface tension and viscosity, solution concentration is thus identified as one of the most effective variables for the control of fibre morphology as well as diameter of electrospun nanofibres, which is in agreement with the work of Reneker et al [10] and Zong,X.H [18], in other polymer systems, for example, poly (ethylene oxide).
Fibers of (PVA)/FeCl3 composite produced in the experiment are in fact magnetic: electrospun nanofibres were found to possess unique magnetic properties, when a permanent magnet is approaching, as demonstrated in Fig.5, with much enhanced coercivities relative to bulk materials.
With increasing solution concentration, the morphology was observed to transform from thin beaded fibres to smooth uniform structure; The spinning voltage, and also, albeit to a lesser extent, the collection distance, were both found to affect fibre diameter, both factors influence greatly fibres branching morphology.
The fibers with the flexibility can be produced, and their physical properties manipulated, making a highly commercially-viable product in the future.

Relative to some traditional methods, mechanical properties of thin films can be determined directly from indentation load-displacement curves without need to image the indent impression.
Recent progress has shown that nanostructured thin films exhibit excellent mechanical properties that differ significantly from those of their components in bulk forms.
Nanoindentation test largely facilitates the measurement of mechanical properties at the micro- and nano-meter scales.
In addition to the lack of an absolute definition of hardness, many factors may affect the measured results of hardness and elastic modulus, which include external factors such as indenter geometry, tip rounding, machine compliance etc.; and material-related factors such as surface roughness, size effect, residual stress, coating thickness, substrate etc [1-3].
In Ti1-xAlxN thin films, no consensus has been reached on the influence of Al addition to TiN compound and the relationship between structures and their mechanical properties.

Many scholars at home and abroad made experimental studies on the tensile properties of composite laminates [3-7].
Although tensile test method is very simple, due to their own properties and structures of the carbon fiber composite laminates, the tensile test will appear a series of problems.
What’s more important, a unified testing standard for mechanical properties of fiber reinforced polymer composites did not reach an agreement.
Therefore, above-mentioned test data could not characterize the basic tensile properties of composite laminates and the test failed.
With above-mentioned factors, the finite element model was established for analysis.

Chemical compositions of Grade 91 steel C Mn P S Si Cu Ni Cr Mo Al Fe V N 0.116 0.35 0.01 0.001 0.224 0.11 0.15 8.87 0.92 0.21 Bal 0.18 0.05 Grade 91 steel has excellent thermal properties with low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity while it has high design stress intensity as shown in Fig. 1[7].
However, concerns of a cracking in a heat-affected zone and a subsequent failure, commonly known as a Type IV cracking, may exist at the welded joints for long term services. 0 5 10 15 20 Grade 91 Alloy 800H 316SS 304SS 2.25Cr-1Mo 12Cr Thermal exp. coeff.(1e-6) Thermal conductivity(Btu/hr ft F) 0 100 200 300 400 500 Grade 91 Alloy 800H 316SS 304SS 2.25Cr1Mo 12Cr Su Sy Sm Stress (MPa) 0 100 200 300 400 500 Grade 91 Alloy 800H 316SS 304SS 2.25Cr1Mo 12Cr Su Sy Sm Stress (MPa) Fig. 1 Thermal and mechanical properties of Grade 91 steel Finite Element Modeling.
Load (KN) time (min) Pre-cracking C-F loading (I) C-F loading (II) Beach-marking Hold time (1hr) p1 p2 P P Fig. 3 Mechanical loading conditions and specimens under mechanical loading A 3D quarter symmetric finite element model was used and the stress contours for the uncracked body and cracked body under mechanical loading of 10 tons and thermal loading are shown in Fig. 4.
As for the FCG for the Grade 91 steel base metal of the CT (1 inch thickness) specimen, the mathematical model for base metal of Eq. 1 at 550°C [3] was used. 1.83 7 d 9.3 10 d eff a K � −   = × ∆  (1) where effK∆ is an effective stress intensity factor range.
Mechanical Sci. and Technology, Vol. 20(12) (2006), p.2076

Springback is the key factor affects the die designing in the field of sheet metal forming.
Many factors have affect on springback of V bending.
In this study, the factors, bending angle α, the ratio of the radius of tool to sheet thickness R/t, bending type, are considered.
The material properties are shown in Table 2.
By using finite element analysis, the amount of springback angle in terms of springback factors, bending angle, R/t Ratio and bending type can easily be obtained.

The improved electric properties may make NKBT20/STO thin film a promising candidate in micro-electro-mechanical system.
The improved perovskite phase may contribute to the enhancement of electrical properties.
A dense surface seems to be important for ferroelectric thin film, because even a surface crack will affect the microstructure, residual stress and ferroelectric properties of thin films [11].
Therefore, we have not study its electric properties anymore.
The NKBT20/STO thin film is of the smallest leakage current density and there are two important factors contributing to this result.

Factors that favor microbial adhesion include porosity, surface roughness and poor hygiene of the appliances [17] along with systemic health of the patients, such as malnutrition, diabetes, immunocompromised states and xerostomia [18].
Toxic effects and deterioration of mechanical properties have been documented [20].
The pathogenic factors from oral streptococci for systemic diseases, Int.
Akin, Effect of cleansers on denture base resins' structural properties, J.
Chotprasert, The physical properties of PMMA denture base resin incorporated with vanillin, KEM, 773 (2019) 360-364