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Ammonium nitrogen pollution is a key factor related to water eutrophication.
Biochar, a product through low oxygen thermochemical process of biomass, can be used for ammonium nitrogen adsorption, and further applicated as a tool to mitigate global warming and improve soil properties.
Ding et al. [4] investigated the biochar adsorption properties for ammonium nitrogen retention.
The vessels are shaken in the mechanical shaker for 6 h at 25˚C.
Initial solution pH can affect ammonium nitrogen removal from wastewater by biochar adsorption.

The porosity of the ordered porous copper is significantly affected by the pressure of hydrogen.
The ordered porous materials possess unique properties such as exceptionally low weight, special acoustic characteristics, and high damping capacity for absorption of mechanical energy[4-8].
Due to these unusual properties, ordered porous materials have potential applications in many fields like medicine, space technology, automotive and military industries etc.[3, 4].
Further detailed investigations on the influence of these factors remain for future work.
Nakajima, Fabrication, properties and application of porous metals with directional pores, Prog.

However, the hydrophilicity of collagen can lead to faster degradation, and its mechanical properties are also relatively low in comparison to bone [12].
The ductile properties of collagen can help to increase the poor fracture toughness of HA; the addition of HA to collagen can also provide higher stability, increase the resistance to three-dimensional swelling and enhance its mechanical ‘wet’ properties [12].
Hence, such composite coating can not only induce a continuous transition from tissue to implant surface but also enhance early and stronger fixation of the bone-substituting implant as well as provide better mechanical and biological properties.
Depending on the fluid properties of dispensing materials and requirements for specific applications, various micro-dispensers are selected by different researchers.
Prior to the HA/Col structure fabrication, the effects of four dispensing parameters were investigated due to the differences of fluid properties of HA suspension and collagen solution.

If the mechanical properties of porous Ti can be improved, it will be used for not only biomaterials, but also structural/functional applications.
The influence factors of preform formability were investigated.
Figure 5 shows the porosity and mechanical properties of porous titanium in different temperatures.
However, with the growth of the sintered neck, the bonding strength between the particles increases, resulting in an increase in compressive strength and elastic modulus. 3.4 Effect of Sintering time on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium The effect of sintering time on the structure and mechanical properties of porous titanium was studied in this section.
Figure 7 shows the porosity and mechanical properties of porous titanium at different sintering time.

Surface Modification and Preparation of High Purity Nanometer Magnesium Hydroxide Using Impinging Stream Jianhai Zhao 1,2，a, Yanping Lai 3,b 1Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Urban Construction, Tianjin, 300384, China 2 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Technology,Tianjin, 300384,China 3Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Urban Construction, Tianjin, 300384, China aemail：jhzhao@tjuci.edu.cn，bemail：laiwei@tust.edu.cn Keywords: impinging stream; surface modification; magnesium hydroxide Abstract: High purity nanometer magnesium hydroxide is produced by impinging stream reaction crystallization method using bischofite as feedstock.
Effects of operation conditions on the impinging stream of Mg (OH)2 are reported and the control factors of purity are confirmed.
Results and discussion Morphology and purity of nanometer magnesium hydroxide Nanometer magnesium hydroxide synthesized by impinging streams reaction crystallization were distinctly characterized according to their sizes and morphologies, which are strongly affected by the initial reactant concentrations, reaction temperature, impinging streams rate.
Such high contents affects negatively the rheological and mechanical properties of the composite, such as increasing melt viscosity, reducing elongation at break and impact strength[9].
Although the effect of functional groups on the surface properties of the particles is not clearly understood, the characterizations of magnesium hydroxide after surface modification as the flame retardant are favorable to reduce the loading level, increase the flame-retardant efficiency and improve the compatibity of Mg(OH)2 and polymer matrixes．

Following assumptions were made to establish the suitable mathematics model of heat transfer: When the metal is fluid flowing in the slope, neglect the radiant energy; neglect the hot deformation of slope; The metal liquid contact well with the slope and the heat transfer between them can be treated by equivalent heat transfer coefficient; The temperature of the magnesium alloy when the ladle poured into the slope and pouring speed are constant; The simulation period is between magnesium alloy be poured into the slope and flow out of the slope; Solid fraction and temperature of magnesium alloy have a linear relationship. 2 Physical Properties of materials 2.1physical properties of materials The material of metal liquid is AZ91D magnesium alloy and the material of slope is Cu-Al-bronze, their physical properties are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Thermophysical Properties of AZ91D and Cu－Al－bronze material Temperature ( C o ) Latent heat (kJ/kg) Heat conductivity (W/m/k) Specific heat (kJ/kg/K) Density (Kg/m3) Mg-AZ91B 650 368.4 51.1 0.98 1855.5 Cu-Al-bronze 20 237 50.9 0.44 7650 2.2 confirmation of the thermal conductivity In casting-rolling system, the melts are in continuously moving state and there are both thermal convection and heat conduction, so the convective heat transfer must be considered in the equation.
Follow the process above, the average outlet temperatures of other 8 simulated experiments could be obtained, put the results above into the orthogonality software table and the main influencing factor could be found by the intuitive analytic result.
It could be found by comparing the extremes(R): CA B R R R> > , this shows that the length of slope is the main factor affects the outlet temperature of the slope, the initial pouring temperature is secondary and the influence of slope angle is minimum.
affects the temperature of semi-solid slurry little, but considering the flowing state of the melt in the slope, an angle of 40-60 o was appropriate.

For these applications, it is important to investigate the fabrication and physical properties of lithium ionic conductors.
The study of lithium ion-conducting inorganic oxides is particularly important because of their high chemical stability and mechanical strength.
Therefore, we believe that studying the physical properties of non-rare or less-rare earth materials is also important.
Although the data slightly depend on the sample and the error is slightly large, these results suggest that structure modulation of the Li2GexSi1-xO3 framework affects ionic conduction.
Fig. 8 The x dependence of pre-exponential factor in Eq. (3).

It is consider being several meaningful factors that have an influence, but the most important one is the diesel spray, more specifically the penetration of the liquid length of the spray through the combustion chamber or piston bowl [1].
Density of fuel and Viscosity of fuel are the main properties affecting the spray during the ignition of an IC engine.
PROPERTIES OF PALM OIL METHYL ESTER List Diesel Palm Oil Methyl Ester Density [20°C/g/l] 853.8 873 Viscosity [40°C/mm2s-1] 3.4 4.41 Flash point per °C 60 144 Selection of Palm Oil Methyl Ester.
The physical properties of POME and DIESEL are shown in Table.
The spray pattern is also affected, since a dense and viscous fuel tends to induce a longer spray penetration and with a narrower spray angle.

Introduction The track inspection car is a technology-intensive product and it consists of electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic components, computer, laser as well as automatic control system.
The main difference is the installation of track measuring beam, which is the installing support of inspection equipments, while the installation of track measuring beam and other inspection equipments will affect the mode of bogie frame and induce the loading on the bogie frame end, which will affect the strength of the bogie frame and other connection parts.
After the track measuring beam installation, the safety margin of the bogie frame end reduces from 54.36MPa to 116.84MPa and the safety factor reduces from 69.32 to 4.78.
Table 2 Fatigue strength of the whole bogie frame and bogie frame end with and without the measuring beam Bogie frame condition Whole bogie frame Bogie frame end Without the measuring beam With the measuring beam Without the measuring beam With the measuring beam Safety margin 85.73MPa 77.96MPa 154.36MPa 116.84MPa Safety factor 2.21 1.895 69.32 4.78 3.
[3] Traction Power State Key Laboratory, 3rd Vehicle Dynamics Property of Inspection Car at Shuohuang Railway, Southwest Jiaotong University, 2012.10

Strain has valuable effects on the formation of the growth and the photo electronic properties of Ge/Si quantum dots (QDs), and it is important to understand the distribution of strain and the other properties of Ge/Si QDs theoretically.
The Ge QDs density, size fluctuation [4] and ordered array, which are also the determining factors of electronic energy band structure and the optoelectronic properties of multiple layer Ge/Si QDs device, are hard to manipulate.
However, most of recently work pays more attention to the strain properties of the III-V compound semiconductor QDs, and of those isolated QDs.
Therefore distribution trend of εh and εb is crucial for the research of photoelectric properties of QD devices.
But separate discussion of effect of the lateral spacing and vertical spacing of QDs on the distribution of strain field is helpful to grasp various influencing factors.