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Online since: September 2013
Authors: Jin Zhang, Yan Feng Li, Hui Chen Wang, Xue Feng Zhao
Second, check the collision between professionals on the overall project; simulate the whole project i.e. 4D construction simulation .Two aspects of BIM application are discussed respectively as follows..
Combine the single professional engineering model into a unified model, which truly reflect the professional pipelines’ spatial distribution and cross-relations
(1)Establish 3D model According to the 2D drawings provided by client set up 3D model through BIM software, which includes building, structure, drainage, HVAC, electricity and other professional, etc.
In this subway station engineering, we apply BIM technology to build the whole professional model.
Table 1 Collision’s type and quantity Collision points Quantity Collision between the ventilation pipe and structure 125 Collision among the smoke exhaust tube, ventilation piple and structure 255 Collision among the water supply and drainage in air conditioning, ventilation and structural 85 Collision among the water supply and drainage in fire hydrant, air conditioning, water, ventilation and structure 72 Collision among the air-conditioned water ,the exhaust, ventilation and structure 158 Collision among the cable trays, sprays, fire hydrants, water supply and drainage, water in the air conditioning, smoke, ventilation and structure 142 Simulating the construction process in accordance with the construction schedule has been made, through the 4D construction simulation.
Combine the single professional engineering model into a unified model, which truly reflect the professional pipelines’ spatial distribution and cross-relations
(1)Establish 3D model According to the 2D drawings provided by client set up 3D model through BIM software, which includes building, structure, drainage, HVAC, electricity and other professional, etc.
In this subway station engineering, we apply BIM technology to build the whole professional model.
Table 1 Collision’s type and quantity Collision points Quantity Collision between the ventilation pipe and structure 125 Collision among the smoke exhaust tube, ventilation piple and structure 255 Collision among the water supply and drainage in air conditioning, ventilation and structural 85 Collision among the water supply and drainage in fire hydrant, air conditioning, water, ventilation and structure 72 Collision among the air-conditioned water ,the exhaust, ventilation and structure 158 Collision among the cable trays, sprays, fire hydrants, water supply and drainage, water in the air conditioning, smoke, ventilation and structure 142 Simulating the construction process in accordance with the construction schedule has been made, through the 4D construction simulation.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Andrea Pattarini, Liberato Ferrara
In the first case, the movement of water through the small concrete pores occurs in the absence of any externally applied hydraulic head, as the result of surface interaction between the water and the pore walls.
In the second case, i.e. in the presence of a pressure gradient, the mechanism governing water ingress into concrete and water movement through it is referred to as permeability.
It has to be remarked that many concrete professionals use the term permeability to mean the resistance of concrete to water ingress and/or passage under actual service conditions, which include cracked state, as due, e.g., to restrained drying shrinkage and thermal deformations as well as service loads etc.
hydrophillic water droplet hydrophobic air Solid water droplet (a) (b) water Hydrorepellent molecules Capillary pores Concrete (c) Figure 1: Schematic of: silane/siloxane to concrete bond (a); mechanism of hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic materials (b) and non-treated vs. treated pores in concrete (c).
The water-proofing siloxane –based surface treatment was then applied, and, after one, three or seven days from the application, the specimens were immersed in water, with the top 5 mm always kept above the free surface water level.
In the second case, i.e. in the presence of a pressure gradient, the mechanism governing water ingress into concrete and water movement through it is referred to as permeability.
It has to be remarked that many concrete professionals use the term permeability to mean the resistance of concrete to water ingress and/or passage under actual service conditions, which include cracked state, as due, e.g., to restrained drying shrinkage and thermal deformations as well as service loads etc.
hydrophillic water droplet hydrophobic air Solid water droplet (a) (b) water Hydrorepellent molecules Capillary pores Concrete (c) Figure 1: Schematic of: silane/siloxane to concrete bond (a); mechanism of hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic materials (b) and non-treated vs. treated pores in concrete (c).
The water-proofing siloxane –based surface treatment was then applied, and, after one, three or seven days from the application, the specimens were immersed in water, with the top 5 mm always kept above the free surface water level.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Yan Liu, Xiu Ting Su, Shu Min Nie
Professional Analysis in Depth
Automatic analysis of the computer has greatly improved the efficiency of professional security analysis.
After the preliminary selection by computer data analysis, professional staff will focus on artificial analysis of difficult data and key factors.
Remote monitoring management center will commit monitoring programs in each site to professional organizations and consulting experts to review.
After a long-term study, we have accumulated kinds of methods, such as the trend analysis method, prediction analysis (such as fuzzy mathematics, neural networks etc.), quantitative analysis (such as professional method, finite element calculation and other professional calculation method etc.), statistical analysis (such as data mining, comprehensive analysis method etc.).
The safety of surrounding environment of the foundation pit can be evaluated from the underground water level and ground subsidence, pressure head and subsidence, building subsidence and security classification, pipeline settlement, retaining wall deformation and ground settlement matching, retaining wall and anti-heave stability safety factor, measure, etc.
After the preliminary selection by computer data analysis, professional staff will focus on artificial analysis of difficult data and key factors.
Remote monitoring management center will commit monitoring programs in each site to professional organizations and consulting experts to review.
After a long-term study, we have accumulated kinds of methods, such as the trend analysis method, prediction analysis (such as fuzzy mathematics, neural networks etc.), quantitative analysis (such as professional method, finite element calculation and other professional calculation method etc.), statistical analysis (such as data mining, comprehensive analysis method etc.).
The safety of surrounding environment of the foundation pit can be evaluated from the underground water level and ground subsidence, pressure head and subsidence, building subsidence and security classification, pipeline settlement, retaining wall deformation and ground settlement matching, retaining wall and anti-heave stability safety factor, measure, etc.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Wei Pu Xu, Yi Ting Liu, Lie Gao Wang, Hong Bo Ma
By implementing third party professional inspection, various valves are not only inspect valve in categories , but also professional inspection plans can be made for users to choose based on the actual situation and the product feature.
The professional organization make the thing perfect, it is important for the success of a project.
At present,each component is disassembly to be cleaned up during cryogenic valves are all tested by water in the manufacturing process.Next,it will be reassembled after drying and it will use water to test again.
The water problem hasn't been solved,so water hydrostatic testing is not recommended for valves usage.
So it is very important to use the torque spanner and the professional torque testing device to test the torque of each valve.
The professional organization make the thing perfect, it is important for the success of a project.
At present,each component is disassembly to be cleaned up during cryogenic valves are all tested by water in the manufacturing process.Next,it will be reassembled after drying and it will use water to test again.
The water problem hasn't been solved,so water hydrostatic testing is not recommended for valves usage.
So it is very important to use the torque spanner and the professional torque testing device to test the torque of each valve.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Zhao Yun Song, Bing Kun Gao, Mao Xing Yue
In order to achieve precise evaluation of reservoir water content information, this paper will deal with saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography data, construct evaluation chart board for water content index, calculate water content index, and thus more intuitive understand the phenomena of reservoir water content.
The partition number of reservoir involves up to five areas: oil, oil layer contains water, oil-water layer, water layer contains oil and water layer.
As shown in Fig. 7, all the points can be divided into 3 partitions: oil layer, oil-water layer and water layer.
Daqing Petroleum Institute Engineering Master Professional Degree Thesis, 2007, 6: 1-2
Hebei University of Technology Master Professional Degree Thesis, 2003, 3: 16-18
The partition number of reservoir involves up to five areas: oil, oil layer contains water, oil-water layer, water layer contains oil and water layer.
As shown in Fig. 7, all the points can be divided into 3 partitions: oil layer, oil-water layer and water layer.
Daqing Petroleum Institute Engineering Master Professional Degree Thesis, 2007, 6: 1-2
Hebei University of Technology Master Professional Degree Thesis, 2003, 3: 16-18
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Jun Bao Yu, Chao Gao, Le Le Wang, Tao Shen, Ding Yi Yang
At the same time, using the professional Image analysis software of Image-pro plus to analysis and evaluate the uniformity of ceramisite concrete and its influencing factors were discussed.
Tap water and poly-carboxylic acid water reducer were prepared for the test.
Due to the increase of the water-cement ratio, the increase in free water in the concrete.
It can be seen from the Range R in Table 4, in this experiment, the impact of primary and secondary order is that: 28d compressive strength: water-cement ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > sand ratio; Dry apparent density: sand ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > water-cement ratio; Strength: water-cement ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > sand ratio.
(3) Professional image analysis by Image-pro plus software on the specimen cross-section analysis can be seen: When Ceramisite concrete forming, ceramisite floating problems are endemic, making the concrete structure of homogeneous variance.
Tap water and poly-carboxylic acid water reducer were prepared for the test.
Due to the increase of the water-cement ratio, the increase in free water in the concrete.
It can be seen from the Range R in Table 4, in this experiment, the impact of primary and secondary order is that: 28d compressive strength: water-cement ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > sand ratio; Dry apparent density: sand ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > water-cement ratio; Strength: water-cement ratio > Water-reducing admixture ratio > sand ratio.
(3) Professional image analysis by Image-pro plus software on the specimen cross-section analysis can be seen: When Ceramisite concrete forming, ceramisite floating problems are endemic, making the concrete structure of homogeneous variance.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Bo Jiang
The government funding is mainly used for the construction of village roads, water supply, drainage, electricity, telecommunications, garbage collection and other infrastructure and public buildings, public venues, and public green space; while the construction and renovation of villagers’ residence, backyards and other privately owned attachments largely depend on the villagers’ personal financial ability to solve.
Construction of professional townships.
One of the important links in urban village development is to strengthen the construction of professional townships.
Guide the planning of industrial parks within the professional township and strengthen the implementation of renovation of the old town area.
The drainage, environment sanitation, disaster prevention, and water conservancy projects should be renovated to provide the fundamental conditions suitable for the development of urban villages.
Construction of professional townships.
One of the important links in urban village development is to strengthen the construction of professional townships.
Guide the planning of industrial parks within the professional township and strengthen the implementation of renovation of the old town area.
The drainage, environment sanitation, disaster prevention, and water conservancy projects should be renovated to provide the fundamental conditions suitable for the development of urban villages.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Hua Long Cai, Yuan Shou Liu, Jian Hua Liu
Currently, office automation system and financial system have been widely used, most of professional system have been used in the company.
The powerful guarantee of the information system sustainable development is training professional talent team with computer technology.
Water Power. vol 32. 2006.2 pp. 6~16 [2] CAI Hua-long.
China Rural Water and Hydropower. vol 2. pp.147-149
Henan Water Resources & South-to-North Water Diversion. vol 5. 2010.
The powerful guarantee of the information system sustainable development is training professional talent team with computer technology.
Water Power. vol 32. 2006.2 pp. 6~16 [2] CAI Hua-long.
China Rural Water and Hydropower. vol 2. pp.147-149
Henan Water Resources & South-to-North Water Diversion. vol 5. 2010.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Hao Bo Hou, Min Zhou, Si Xuan Wang, Yi Lv, Zhe Hao Zhou, Kai Xia
We should pay more attention to potable water safety, enhance the protection of potable water sources, and guarantee the citizens of Wuhan to have qualified potable water and sustainable development of the water source area.
Because of the lack of professional personnel and equipment, the management of washing water and the ballast water mainly relies on experiences at present, and is difficult to supervise.
The water quality in Wuhan section of Yangtze River is affected by upstream water directly, once water pollution incidents occurred in upstream, even can be disposed immediately , the pollutants in water are still affected the water quality of Wuhan section of Yangtze River.
It is suggested to set up professional emergency rescue team and to strengthen the water supplies reserves, which can shorten the accident emergency response time and improve the efficiency of disposal.
Accelerating potable water sources protection project, ensuring water safety.
Because of the lack of professional personnel and equipment, the management of washing water and the ballast water mainly relies on experiences at present, and is difficult to supervise.
The water quality in Wuhan section of Yangtze River is affected by upstream water directly, once water pollution incidents occurred in upstream, even can be disposed immediately , the pollutants in water are still affected the water quality of Wuhan section of Yangtze River.
It is suggested to set up professional emergency rescue team and to strengthen the water supplies reserves, which can shorten the accident emergency response time and improve the efficiency of disposal.
Accelerating potable water sources protection project, ensuring water safety.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yu Tian, Zhen Hua Wang
GIS in regard to the petroleum exploration and development started relatively late, since the help of Geographic information system to the field has not been fully realized and on the other hand, professional complexity of petroleum exploration and development also hindered the geographic information system in the further development of them.
So far, as organic combination of GIS with professional knowledge in the field of geosciences is growing, its application in petroleum industry is more and more attention, moving from ordinary data management into in-depth geographical analyses.
For example,oil and water Wells location coordinates, depth of the well completion belong to static data,while well production rate, water cut, reservoir pressure belong to dynamic data;2)Depending on relationship of the vertical positions, can be divided into ground data and stratum data.
Database user rolescan be classified into following levels.1)Designers and maintainers of database are in charge of ensuringdatabases is properly running, backup and recovery and other daily operation maintenance and user privilege management below;2)data processing professionals are responsible forinputting, updating and adjusting the data and for analysis And evaluation based on previous data-processing operations;3)decision makers, by means of querying and screening the information and evaluation and analysis from data processing professionals,make overall evaluations and final decision;4)Otherquery users have privileges to query public data and information.
In oil field production,since It is rich and complex and difficult to store for various kinds of map data,the surface engineering information is often scattered and lacked with turnover or relocate hence latter production managementencounter unnecessary difficulties.Increasingly improved spatial data base management system improved the map data storage situation.Oil or water well,pipeline, water distributing station,big oil tank,geographic datum ofland equipments like these are mostly able to obtain by means of satellite-positioning with domestic satellite positioning technical breakthrough and CORS(Continuous Operational Reference System) development.
So far, as organic combination of GIS with professional knowledge in the field of geosciences is growing, its application in petroleum industry is more and more attention, moving from ordinary data management into in-depth geographical analyses.
For example,oil and water Wells location coordinates, depth of the well completion belong to static data,while well production rate, water cut, reservoir pressure belong to dynamic data;2)Depending on relationship of the vertical positions, can be divided into ground data and stratum data.
Database user rolescan be classified into following levels.1)Designers and maintainers of database are in charge of ensuringdatabases is properly running, backup and recovery and other daily operation maintenance and user privilege management below;2)data processing professionals are responsible forinputting, updating and adjusting the data and for analysis And evaluation based on previous data-processing operations;3)decision makers, by means of querying and screening the information and evaluation and analysis from data processing professionals,make overall evaluations and final decision;4)Otherquery users have privileges to query public data and information.
In oil field production,since It is rich and complex and difficult to store for various kinds of map data,the surface engineering information is often scattered and lacked with turnover or relocate hence latter production managementencounter unnecessary difficulties.Increasingly improved spatial data base management system improved the map data storage situation.Oil or water well,pipeline, water distributing station,big oil tank,geographic datum ofland equipments like these are mostly able to obtain by means of satellite-positioning with domestic satellite positioning technical breakthrough and CORS(Continuous Operational Reference System) development.