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Introduction Economic and environmental issues are the main factors driving the quest for alternative energy sources today.
Cerium-based additives such as Cerium oxide (CeO2) are easy to synthesise and have catalytic properties [22].
Relevant properties of modified diesel were measured using appropriate American Standard Test Methods (ASTM) standards.
Load was found to be the main factor affecting exhaust gas temperature with 96.13% contribution, while that of biogas flow rate was 2.49%.
Load is the main factor affecting overall equivalence ratio with 88.66% contribution.

MF-shells have the properties of good compact, high mechanical strength, thermal stability and low permeability [3].
The objective of this work was to fabricate and investigate the properties of micro- PCMs/gypsum-matrix building materials containing paraffin for thermal energy storage.
It indicates that although the higher emulsion can enhance the emulsion effect of PCM, the amount of shell material is the main factor affecting the E values.
The thermal stability properties of paraffin and microPCMs (core/shell weight ratios of 3/1, 2/1, 1/1 and 1/2) were evaluated by means of TGA as shown in Fig.3.
In this study, the microPCMs/gypsum should keep the thermal properties for a long-term service period.

Still there is a lack of study on 3D microstructure of tin-based Babbitt to visualize and quantify the microstructure properties such as the size, volume, morphology and distribution.
To eliminate the influence of subjective factors, the selecting region was taken in the middle of the specimen as shown in Fig. 2.
And secondly, the thickness between the sections is an important factor for accurate reconstructed microstructure.
Even in the same cooling method, the cooling speed direction, to a greater or lesser extent, will affect the growth of grains.
Chawla, 3D microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of constituent particles in Al 7075 alloys using X-ray synchrotron tomography and nanoindentation, J.

The aggregate quality is directly related to the quality of concrete, specially fine aggregates to which should be given greater attention.The aggregates located near consumers suffer larger scarceness and many factors, as the exploration impacts,have been contributing for this problem.
However, CAA demands a more rigorous control than conventional concrete and the materials should be chosen with greater care according to its special properties.
The analysis of the specimens have called the attention that for all the mixtures with residues related to Compression Tests and TensileStrength Tests the mechanical properties have been smaller compared to the reference concrete, although this would not affect its use in structures since the results are within the parameters demanded by the Brazilian norm NBR 6118 [19], where concretes above 20 MPa can be used as structural concretes.
M.Attainment of self-compacting concrete using granite and marble residues and evaluation of its mechanical properties. 2004.
Contribution to the study of self-compacting concrete properties aiming its application in structural elements. 2006.

CGAP provides advanced capabilities for crack growth analyses, including crack growth in notch-affected plastic zones, and for probabilistic crack growth analyses.
CGAP provides advanced capabilities for crack growth analyses, including crack growth in notch-affected plastic zones, and for probabilistic crack growth analyses.
To support the easy and consistent access to material properties for strain-life and crack growth analyses, CGAP provides a substantive database.
The constraint factors, which represent the level of out-of-plane constraint applied by the surrounding material to the in-plane plastic deformation at a crack tip, determined from the calibration were then used to predict the crack growth behaviours for 51.7 MPa and 138 MPa, respectively.
CGAP contains a substantive database for material properties that are required for strain-life analyses and crack growth analyses.

In fact the destruction of concrete structures is often not brought about by a single factor, but the result of compound function of many factors.
In addition to environmental factors which cause the destruction of the concrete structure, some physical and chemical factors of concrete itself, may also cause serious damage to the concrete structure, resulting in concrete failure.
Therefore, to improve the durability of concrete, it must reduce or eliminate these factors of structural failure.
Therefore, through analyzing the characteristics of the ultrasonic wave and measuring the acoustic quantities to determine the geometry of objects or materials, mechanical properties and the size of the internal defect and orientation.
The basic principle is: the modal parameters (such as natural frequencies, mode shapes, modal damping, etc.) is a structured physical properties (such as mass, stiffness and damping) function, thereby changes of structure physical properties will cause structural vibration response change.

The part durability with the placed covering depends on the technology of spraying and the properties of the sprayed material.
The following parameters are selected as changeable factors of optimization: arc thickness; pressure of compressed air; spraying distance.
This selection is based on the fact that these factors have significant effect on the dispersion process of a wire.
Except for the specified changeable factors, such constant factors as the stream tilt angle to the substrate (base) is 90°, the angle between the electrodes is 30°.
In this case the properties of the part material significantly differ from the properties of the initial surface.

The properties of SMCs are influenced by a number of factors, such as particle size, shape and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic powder, manufacturing process.
Particularly important are properties of a coating material determining the density, magnetic and mechanical properties of SMC parts [2, 5].
The wide variability in the composition and processing conditions affecting properties SMCs gives additional space for further investigation.
To understand the different properties of composites the microstructure was analysed, Figs.1-6.
Janghorban, Different annealing treatments for improvement of magnetic and electrical properties of soft magnetic composites, J.

They studied effect the used nano particles on the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of the epoxy coatings.
The obtained results proved that incorporation of small amounts of nano particles enhanced the mechanical properties of coating.
Incorporation SiO2 recorded better mechanical and thermal properties than that of the others [8].
Allahverdi et al. studied effect of NS addition content on mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of epoxy coating.
Adhesion strength Adhesion is one of the most important factors for determination coating quality [27].

On the other hand, few studies [5] have been reported on how the rapid heating affects the cementite dispersion and mechanical properties using low C steels for welded structural use.
However, it has not been clarified as to how these elements affect the cementite precipitation behavior and mechanical properties when rapidly heated.
Figure 4 shows the effect of rapid heating and tempering on the mechanical properties.
Table 2 shows an example of mechanical properties of steel plates manufactured with the HOP.
Mechanical properties of base metal of developed steels tempered with HOP.