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Online since: November 2011
Authors: Yuuji Kimura, Kaneaki Tsuzaki, Meysam Jafari
In one case, the ultrafine elongated grain (UFEG) structures evolved in a secondary hardening steel with a composition of Fe–0.4%C–2%Si–1%Cr–1%Mo through the deformation of the tempered martensitic structures at 500°C using multi-pass caliber-rolling with an accumulated area reduction of about 80%; consequently, the yield strength of 1840MPa and the V-notch Charpy absorbed energy (vE) of 226 J were obtained at room temperature [7].
The accumulative reduction in area through tempforming was about 80% in 9 passes, corresponding to an equivalent strain of 1.8.
The total elongation, reduction in area, and work for tensile fracture of the 0.001 and 0.053 %P samples were similar at each testing temperature although the uniform elongation of the 0.053 %P samples was 20% higher than the 0.001 %P samples.
The 0.001 and 0.053 %P samples showed remarkable data scattering in absorbed energy at -100 and -150 ºC due to the increase in the number of delamination [13], where the cracks branch parallel to the longitudinal direction (//RD) of the impact test bars.
Charpy impact tests at the temperature range of 150 to -150 ºC did not show degradation in absorbed energy with decreasing the testing temperature to -150 ºC and showed a remarkable data scattering in absorbed energy in response to the occurrence of the delamination (Fig. 2).
The accumulative reduction in area through tempforming was about 80% in 9 passes, corresponding to an equivalent strain of 1.8.
The total elongation, reduction in area, and work for tensile fracture of the 0.001 and 0.053 %P samples were similar at each testing temperature although the uniform elongation of the 0.053 %P samples was 20% higher than the 0.001 %P samples.
The 0.001 and 0.053 %P samples showed remarkable data scattering in absorbed energy at -100 and -150 ºC due to the increase in the number of delamination [13], where the cracks branch parallel to the longitudinal direction (//RD) of the impact test bars.
Charpy impact tests at the temperature range of 150 to -150 ºC did not show degradation in absorbed energy with decreasing the testing temperature to -150 ºC and showed a remarkable data scattering in absorbed energy in response to the occurrence of the delamination (Fig. 2).
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Dmitriy Tseytin, Julia Bykova, Daria Bryus, Ekaterina Bazhenova
Architectural and constructional decisions were also substantiated in the work and special attention was put on the possibility of reaching target values of energy-efficiency criteria by using different ways of energy consumption reduction.
Such great interest can be explained by many factors, but the main ones are economical expediency of energy efficient construction and reduction of negative impact on the environment during the construction and maintenance of those buildings [16, 17].
In default of data about solar insolation values in Gaziantep, calculations were made for Russian city Sochi, where climate conditions are almost the same.
All solutions of energy saving and heat losses reduction given above let us achieve value of specific annual heat demand, whose calculation is given below. 1.
Heat demand of the building during heating period, MJ (Eq.11): (11) — coefficient of heat inputs reduction because of thermal inertia in enclosure structures (set equals to 0.8); — coefficient of heat supply automatic control efficiency (set equals to 0.95); — coefficient taking into account extra heat consumption of heating system (set equals to 1.11).
Such great interest can be explained by many factors, but the main ones are economical expediency of energy efficient construction and reduction of negative impact on the environment during the construction and maintenance of those buildings [16, 17].
In default of data about solar insolation values in Gaziantep, calculations were made for Russian city Sochi, where climate conditions are almost the same.
All solutions of energy saving and heat losses reduction given above let us achieve value of specific annual heat demand, whose calculation is given below. 1.
Heat demand of the building during heating period, MJ (Eq.11): (11) — coefficient of heat inputs reduction because of thermal inertia in enclosure structures (set equals to 0.8); — coefficient of heat supply automatic control efficiency (set equals to 0.95); — coefficient taking into account extra heat consumption of heating system (set equals to 1.11).
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Gunther Reinhart, Max Lutter-Günther, Christian Seidel, Tobias Kamps
Initially, part data is converted from CAD-files via less memory intensive triangulated surface models to suitable machine formats.
Thus, methods based on digital data from the company’s enterprise-resource-planning system or part database are applied, such as pareto analyses [18].
This can be performed automatically, given the existence of corresponding data, making it suitable for analyses of large part numbers.
On the one hand, the design potential can be evaluated by analysing quantitative criteria that are derived from available part data.
Business model specific adjustments primarily concern data management tools for part data and order processing, for example in order to handle customer specific design input.
Thus, methods based on digital data from the company’s enterprise-resource-planning system or part database are applied, such as pareto analyses [18].
This can be performed automatically, given the existence of corresponding data, making it suitable for analyses of large part numbers.
On the one hand, the design potential can be evaluated by analysing quantitative criteria that are derived from available part data.
Business model specific adjustments primarily concern data management tools for part data and order processing, for example in order to handle customer specific design input.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Sławomir Wierzbicki, Andrzej Piętak, Maciej Mikulski
The obtained experimental data indicated that, with the reduction of rotational speed and load, the steepness of the combustion process-related pressure curve increases.
Comparison of the results of calculations with data determined from actual operation is provided in Table 1 and in Fig. 4.
Very high conformity of the calculation results with experimental data was achieved (Table 3).
Reduction of the Wiebe function factor in this case could potentially lead to further reduction of the mapping error.
Analysis of the experimental data has indicated that the engine performs one of the two injection strategies, i.e. single or dual injection.
Comparison of the results of calculations with data determined from actual operation is provided in Table 1 and in Fig. 4.
Very high conformity of the calculation results with experimental data was achieved (Table 3).
Reduction of the Wiebe function factor in this case could potentially lead to further reduction of the mapping error.
Analysis of the experimental data has indicated that the engine performs one of the two injection strategies, i.e. single or dual injection.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: A.E. Teplykh, Y.G. Chukalkin
The data obtained were processed with the program "Fullprof" [6].
Concentration dependences of (1) net magnetic moment based on the magnetic measurements data, (2) magnetic moment of the tetrahedral sublattice based on the neutron diffraction data and (3) high-field magnetic susceptibility at 4.2 K.
Dark symbols designate the data from the paper presented, light ones stand for the data from Ref. [2] A further increase of Sc concentration leads to the reduction of the net magnetic moment and the magnetic moment of the tetrahedral sublattice.
The data in [5] suggest that the local canted spin configurations transform into the collinear spin ordering with increasing temperature.
Summary Thus, the total bulk of the experimental data testifies to the local character of the deviations from the collinearity at x > 0.7 in the ferrogarnets investigated.
Concentration dependences of (1) net magnetic moment based on the magnetic measurements data, (2) magnetic moment of the tetrahedral sublattice based on the neutron diffraction data and (3) high-field magnetic susceptibility at 4.2 K.
Dark symbols designate the data from the paper presented, light ones stand for the data from Ref. [2] A further increase of Sc concentration leads to the reduction of the net magnetic moment and the magnetic moment of the tetrahedral sublattice.
The data in [5] suggest that the local canted spin configurations transform into the collinear spin ordering with increasing temperature.
Summary Thus, the total bulk of the experimental data testifies to the local character of the deviations from the collinearity at x > 0.7 in the ferrogarnets investigated.
Online since: July 2020
Authors: Nikolay Legkiy
The article covers a solution of a modern electronics problem: improvement of data transmission device speed using the example of fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL).
The data processing rate and throughput of transmission channels are determined by capabilities of the optoelectronics and, first of all, by the performance of its hardware components.
The data processing rate and throughput of transmission channels are determined by capabilities of the physical transmission lines, first of all the fiber optic lines, and by performance of the hardware components of the electronics and optoelectronics.
There are three ways to increase the throughput and data transfer speed.
The possibility to influence the electronic properties of graphene is evidenced by the experimental data showing changes in the Raman shift depending on the isotopic composition of graphene (Fig. 2).
The data processing rate and throughput of transmission channels are determined by capabilities of the optoelectronics and, first of all, by the performance of its hardware components.
The data processing rate and throughput of transmission channels are determined by capabilities of the physical transmission lines, first of all the fiber optic lines, and by performance of the hardware components of the electronics and optoelectronics.
There are three ways to increase the throughput and data transfer speed.
The possibility to influence the electronic properties of graphene is evidenced by the experimental data showing changes in the Raman shift depending on the isotopic composition of graphene (Fig. 2).
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Azhaili Baharun, Siti Halipah Ibrahim, Wan Azlan bin Wan Zainal Abidin, Muhammad Syukri Imran
Regression analysis was performed on the collected data to establish a regression formula that will predict the final water temperature after night cooling process.
The collected data was subjected to corelation and multiple linear regression analysis using MS Excel spreadsheet.
With 45 data points and 95% confidence interval, the range of prediction is given by the standard error multiple by critical t value which gives the value ± 0.3°C.
Comparison of the experimental tank final temperature with modelling data (the regression model with 95% confidence interval with absolute precision of ±0.3°C).
The technical data for the radiant system is shown in Table 3.
The collected data was subjected to corelation and multiple linear regression analysis using MS Excel spreadsheet.
With 45 data points and 95% confidence interval, the range of prediction is given by the standard error multiple by critical t value which gives the value ± 0.3°C.
Comparison of the experimental tank final temperature with modelling data (the regression model with 95% confidence interval with absolute precision of ±0.3°C).
The technical data for the radiant system is shown in Table 3.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Xiao Yun Guo, Min Du, Yan Zhao
The input seismic energy is obtained, using the actual earthquake data.
Acknowledgements This work is financially supported by Teachers' Scientific Research Fund of China Earthquake Administration (20120104), Youth Science Fund for Disaster Prevention and Reduction (200902) and Special Fund of Fundamental Scientific Research Business Expense for Higher School of Central Government (Projects for creation teams)(ZY20120103).
Acknowledgements This work is financially supported by Teachers' Scientific Research Fund of China Earthquake Administration (20120104), Youth Science Fund for Disaster Prevention and Reduction (200902) and Special Fund of Fundamental Scientific Research Business Expense for Higher School of Central Government (Projects for creation teams)(ZY20120103).
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Sheng Wei Yang
Numerical Simulation of Deep Drawing Process of Drawing Cylinder Based on Dynaform
Sheng wei Yang 1, a
1Tianjin University of technology and education China
a28401315@qq.com
Keywords: Progressive die; drawing process; numerical simulation
Abstract: In addition to the high cost and long period, the traditional design of the drawing process depends too much on empirical formulas and data.
When the radius of the punch is too small, the tensile stress rounded corners of bending will increase, which will cause the reduction the tensile strength of the dangerous section.On the other hand, when the radius of the punch is too large, the drawing sheet of overhanging portions will be widen at the beginning, which will easily produce the wrinkles.
When the radius of the punch is too small, the tensile stress rounded corners of bending will increase, which will cause the reduction the tensile strength of the dangerous section.On the other hand, when the radius of the punch is too large, the drawing sheet of overhanging portions will be widen at the beginning, which will easily produce the wrinkles.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Jung Yul Park, Juno Park, Sang Dae Kim, Dong Jun Lim
PRF
procedure provided substantial improvement of pain (>50% pain reduction) in 69(76.7%) and
63(70%) at 1 and 6 months following procedures.
Despite these, it is known as an effective study for evaluation of vasomotor instability due to irritation or injury or spinal roots, nerves or sympathetic as well as providing an objective data to identify dysfunction in roots that are irritated in the lumbar spine due to various causes [6-13].
PRF procedure provided substantial improvement of pain (>50% pain reduction) in 76.7% and 70% at 1 and 6 months following procedures.
Despite these, it is known as an effective study for evaluation of vasomotor instability due to irritation or injury or spinal roots, nerves or sympathetic as well as providing an objective data to identify dysfunction in roots that are irritated in the lumbar spine due to various causes [6-13].
PRF procedure provided substantial improvement of pain (>50% pain reduction) in 76.7% and 70% at 1 and 6 months following procedures.