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Microstructure of eroded surface, mechanical properties and erosion rate were characterized.
Surface roughness of eroded samples was measured using AMBIOS XP-200 surface profilograph and roughness factor Ra (average surface roughness) was calculated.
These are expected to be M7C3 and M23C6 types of carbides Fig.1 Optical micrographs of (a) 13/4 steel and (b) as received 23/8N steel Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of hydro turbine steels studied.
Table 2 Mechanical properties of 13/4 and 23/8N steels Steel Hardness (VHN) Impact energy (J) YS (MPa) UTS (Mpa) Ductility (% elongation) Tensile toughness (MJm-3) Strain hardening exponent (n) 13/4 296 64 763 833 12 68 0.07 23/8N 266 41 567 820 32 240 0.55 The data on cumulative weight loss due to cavitation erosion for the samples in this investigation is plotted as function of time of cavitation erosion in Figure 2(a), while Figure 2(b) presents mean depth of erosion (MDE) versus time of erosion curve.
Mechanical properties significantly affect the erosion resistance of the target material In nitrogen alloyed 23/8N steel higher resistance to cavitation is due to high hardness coupled with good mechanical properties in comparison to those of 13/4 steel.

By the material mechanics, the allowable stress is , and is yield limit for the chosen material, is the fatigue factor of safety, so the safety factor under maximum load and bending conditions is 3.5, its value is in a safe range.
Frame design using topology optimization Topology optimization techniques [7-8] is an emerging optimization design method, the goal is to improve the mechanical properties of the structure or to reduce the weight of the structure, and seek the optimal distribution in the form of structural materials.
Mechanical Design, 2007, 24 (6): 52-54 [6] Zhongxiong Hao.
Mechanical design and manufacturing, 2007 (7): 75-76 [7] A.
Mechanical design and manufacturing, 2007 (3): 138-139

Introduction Alternating loading, fatigue failure is a common failure mode of mechanical parts.
Early in most cases, the mean fatigue design safety factor analysis method, is about to act on the member's job stress and fatigue properties of the material parameters considered deterministic values ​​etc..
In engineering practice, on the one hand due to the external load component suffered not only change with a change in working conditions will be subject to accidental impact; hand, fatigue / fracture properties of the material are also due to the inhomogeneity of the material organization, internal defects the random distribution and processing some of the factors that have a great chance of dispersion.
During the fatigue strength check, and can use standard or modified linear Miner linear cumulative damage theory, such as: load test method will be spending a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, the time course of a long trial, especially the need to interrupt traffic, affecting the normal production and life and so on.

For an assessment of the global surface integrity, the final surface roughness and residual stress state are, obviously, two important factors.
The final residual stress state and surface roughness of the machined components are decisive factors for the optimization of the machining operations.
Table 1 presents the mechanical properties and chemical composition of the HSM finished mould steel.
Table 1 - HSM finished mould steel, mechanical properties and chemical composition Steel σσσσy0.2 σσσσm εεεεr Chemical Composition [% weight] DIN [MPa] [MPa] [%] [HV] C Si Mn Cr Others X36 CrMo17 940 1150 8 320 0.33 0.35 1.35 16.7 0.12 The grinded surface was considered as a reference surface in order to evaluate the HSM performance compared to this traditional finishing technique.
It is visible a similar evolution of both factors.

Introduction SiC is one representative of the wide band gap semiconductors, which already have been used in Si based micromachining technology during processing and as an add on material to achieve an improved processability and increased functionality of MEMS devices due to its mechanical properties and chemical inertness.
Nanoelectromechanical systems provide, compared to MEMS, a range of intriguing properties, such as extremely high resonance frequencies, ultimate mass resolutions down to zeptogram [1] and high quality factors [2].
An improved quality factor in viscose damping media [6] can be expected at the same resonance frequency due to a higher ρSiCdSiC product.
The used growth technique allows the manipulation of the residual stress and inhomogeneous stress distribution [11] and therefore the MEMS properties [9].
The properties of the tempered HSQ are similar to silicon dioxide [12].

In ensuring that the unit can withstand repeated blocking and unblocking, the design analysis and stress analysis of the metal shutter plates are very important factors.
The results from simulation analysis were used with the Taguchi method to obtain the optimal combination of design factors.
In this study, the actual material properties obtained from the elongation experiment were used in the finite element analysis software MSC/MARC.
If temperature factors are not considered, the difference between the use of power algorithms and the direct use of the experimental data is unnoticeable[10].
In our study, the material properties are based on data obtained directly from the experiment.

The precision, mechanical property and utilization of material of the spun tube are superior to those of conventional machining process.
But it is hard to determine the proper spinning parameters because of its complex and so many affecting factors [1].
The defects like metal piling and diametral growth and affecting factors were investigated.

The fuel slosh dynamics is modeled using its pendulum analogs mechanical system which parameters are identified using the Kalman filter technique.
The results obtained show that the internal fluid and material properties have a significant influence on the vibration characteristics of the shell.
The behavior of vertical conveyors under periodic loads is an important problem which can be significantly affected by non-ideal excitation.
Müller et al. investigate the fatigue potential due to electrical and mechanical loads of electronic components of forklift trucks.
Comfort is an important topic in the elevator industry, and among the different factors which affect it, vibration in the car is one of the most important.

The mechanical properties of the TRM samples were significantly increased by up to 20%, and the peak load was attained at a higher deformability level, which is a clue of the enhanced ductility of the reinforced elements.
For this reason, the use of biomass ashes turns out to be highly beneficial for reducing the content of Portland cement in cementitious conglomerates and composites [24], which is expected to boost the design and optimisation of mortar and concrete formulations with high recycled fractions and good mechanical properties.
This was done to figure out the effect of the composite coating on the SSA of the fabric, which is one of the governing factors on the matrix-reinforcement interaction.
Kiattikomol, Influence of pozzolan from various by-product materials on mechanical properties of high-strength concrete, Construction and Building Materials 21 (7) (2007) 1589-1598
Carloni, The role of the fiber-matrix interfacial properties on the tensile behavior of FRCM coupons, Construction and Building Materials 265 (2020) 120263

Medical devices that are made from stainless steel have good biocompatible properties, but polymer coatings can radically improve it.
The adhesive properties of different layers were compared.
Coatings and especially the polymer coatings can improve some surface properties such as biocompatibility [2].
Sheets were surface-treated to improve and set to the proper value their surface properties.
After etching sheets were electropolished in order to improve surface properties and to reduce roughness.