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234 Bulk Texture and Structure Changes in Tubes of Zr alloy due to the Long-Range Effect of Ion-Plasma Surface Treatment Yu.
In the given work results of the layer-by-layer X-ray study of bulk structure and texture changes in cladding tubes of Zr-1%Nb alloy under ion-plasma treatment are presented.
This line is a result of reflection from pyramidal planes and has the least sensitivity to structure anisotropy, peculiar to the HCP crystalline lattice.
In the tube, treated by regime B, the thickness of layer with distorted structure is twice that in the tube, treated by regime A, - 80 µm and 40 µm, respectively.
Physics, Chemistry, Mechanics N 3 (1984), pp. 140-147

Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India. 2 South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
It is reported by Wang et al. [33] that NaOH plays a very important role for the forming of the tubular structure.
So the tubular structure is formed in the hydrothermal process.
Further analysis using TEM confirms the tubular structure.
Linkov, Director, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa for funding the fellowship for one of the author (RJT).

The Structure and Electrochemical Performance of LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3Cr0.1O2 Cathode Materials ROSHIDAH Rusdi1,2, NORLIDA Kamarulzaman1,2,*, MOHD HILMI Jaafar3, AZILAH Abd Rahman3, NOR SABIRIN Mohamed3, HOONG KUN Fun4,5 1School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam Malaysia 2Centre for Nanomaterials Research, Institute of Science, Level 3 Block C, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia 5Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.

The traditional control system can not meet the more complex control tasks of the problem, using artificial intelligence control method of imitation, artificial intelligence control system on the overall structure of the design, and given the specific control algorithms.
Introductions 60s of last century, automatic control theory and technology is a powerful, artificial intelligence research have begun to rise, first proposed in 1966, JM Mendel of artificial intelligence for spacecraft control system design [1]; 1971, the famous scholar KS Fu from the perspective of the development of learning control was first proposed intelligent control this emerging discipline [2]; 1977, Saridis from the control theory point of view, put forward a hierarchical intelligent control structure [3]; KJ Astrom proposed " expert control system "[4].
It`s for some of the production process or control objects, difficult to use the general laws of physics or chemistry to create a mathematical model.
Therefore, the proposed imitation artificial intelligence control, control structure and control behavior from both mimic some of the features and functions, including the identification of people's online properties, characteristics such as memory and logic inference intuition.
System Structure .Imitation artificial intelligence control system will be divided into the following four components, the system structure shown in Figure 1: Imitation of artificial intelligence controller: control by computer simulation of artificial intelligence algorithms digital controller.

Both the optimization of the micropore structure of the activated carbon electrode and the higher voltage operation of the EDLC are necessary for improving the energy density of the EDLC.
Many scientists and industries have already made many efforts to find the optimized pore structure of the activated carbons.
Fig.2 shows the estimation of the volumetric capacitance of the ideal microporous carbon with the optimized pore structure.
Table 2 shows the pore structure of the activated carbon characterized by the nitrogen adsorption isotherms.
Comparing the pore structure before and after the NO reaction, no significant difference was observed in the surface area, the pore volume, and the mean micropore width.

The pavement structure is: 4cm AC-13C asphalt rubber mixture + 4cm AC-16 C asphalt rubber mixture+ 49cm lime-flyash gravel.
The physical function for the different rubber content of asphalt rubber is quite stable before filtering,which shows that rubber particles distributes fully in asphalt; while rubber asphalt density increases after filtering,which explains crumb rubber and asphalt have certain chemistry effect.
It fully denies this point that asphalt rubber can't form a mesh structure lead to negate the performance of asphalt rubber.
The mesh structure of asphalt rubber is not stable in high temperature.
It explains that the pavement has good macro structure and good sliding performance.

Gamma-ray Compton Spectrometers Samir Ahmed HAMOUDA1,a and Sami Mohamed SERGIWA1,b 1Department of Physics, University of Benghazi, P.O.BOX 9480, Benghazi, Libya adr_s_hamouda@yahoo.ie, bsergiwa@hotmail.com Keywords: Methods and technologies of Material Characterization, Gamma ray Compton- spectroscopy, Chemistry and Physics of Materials.
Experimental Requirements Since the intensity profile of Compton scattered gamma rays is a measure of the electron momentum distribution in a scatterer and a sensitive probe of its electronic structure, precise measurements of Compton profiles require three important parameters: High Statistical Accuracy.
This requirement is based on the fact that, a quantitative discussion of the electronic structure of metals and alloys as to the discontinuity at Fermi momentum and fine structures in the region below it, requires high momentum resolution.
Therefore, a low momentum resolution is expected to smooth out detailed fine structure in the shape of the Compton profile.

The calcined powder possesses a rhombohedral crystal structure with an X-ray diffraction pattern that could be matched with the Ca3Co2O6JCPDS: 89-0629.
This indicated that the free energy released from spontaneous redox reaction is not enough to complete formation of the Ca3Co2O6 structure.
The SEM micrographs of Ca3Co2O6 show a spongy-like structure with high porosity and strong agglomeration, which is similar to the morphology of Co3Co4O9 compound.
The free energy released from spontaneous redox reaction was not enough to complete formation of the Ca3Co2O6 structure.
Yamane, “Thermoelectric properties of Fe-doped Ca3Co2O6 single crystals with a pseudo-one-dimensional structure,” Phys. stat. sol. 203(2006)2836–2840

Colloidal gold nanoparticles are metal colloids [14], and their different forms are used in electrode structures [15-17].
Considering of this action by measurement of amperometric biosensors with presence and absence of colloidal gold nanoparticles in electrode structure is done.
In Fig. 3, AUNANO/CILE electrode has bigger currents than AUNANO/CPE electrode, because AUNANO/CILE electrode has (OPPF6) in its structure.
This mixture consists of higher electrocatalysis action, moreover there are more (twice) colloidal gold nanoparticles in the structure of AUNANO/CILE electrode than electrode AUNANO/CPE.
Kurniawan, "New Analytical Applications of Gold Nanoparticles", Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 2008,1stEd., 12-13, Regensburg, Germany.

The effect of the different type of surfactants on the structure of Fe-doped TiO2 was discussed.
Obviously, the relative rate of hydrolysis and polycondensation can strongly affect the structure and properties of the resulting metal oxide.
This indicates that the as-obtained sample shows anatase structure with dominated phase at 25.3o.
The results in this study indicate that surfactants have great influence to the structure, morphology and optical property of the nanoparticles which can lead to higher photoactivity.
Scherer, Sol-gel Science: the physics and chemistry of sol-gel process, Academic Press, Tokyo, 1995