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Dicumyl peroxide could initiate the crosslinking reactions of TFE-P copolymer molecules to form network structure that shows some features such as excellent heat resistance and chemical durability[1-4].
This is because in the crosslinking reactions, part of polymer-radicals react with other polymer molecules to form crosslinked structure after the polymer-radical generated, and at the same time another part of polymer-radicals occured β-chain-scission reactions due to the influence of the main chain lateral methyl, β-chain-scission could be equivalent to the decrease of crosslink density.
MPBM could react with polymer-radicals, the free electrons transfer from polymer-radicals to MPBM and form polymer-MPBM free radicals, and the polymer-MPBM free radicals don’t occur β-chain- scission reactions, so they could form crosslinking structure and reduce the number of β-chain-scission reactions.
[3] Kiyoshi Yamamoto, Junko Asakura, Tetsuya Miwa, Masayuki Saito: submitted to Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, Vol. 125(2004): P. 735

From Figure 2, it can be seen that several wire-like structures which were believed to be CNT occurred covering the dolomite’s particles.
A closer look under higher magnification revealed the structure of CNT.
The CNT was confirmed as MWCNT by the existence of Multi-layered wall and hollow structure as shown in Figure 3.
Curtis: Journal of Physical Chemistry A; Vol.104 (2000), p. 7209 [12] M.J.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a consistent surface structure, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of essential functional groups.
CES exhibited a mesoporous structure with a peak pore diameter of approximately 2.8 nm and a total pore volume of 0.125 cm³/g.
These observations align with the findings of Imoisili et al. [20], confirming the presence of silanol groups within the silica structure.
This particle structure promotes even distribution within bioplastics, enhancing their mechanical integrity.
In addition, BET analysis showed mesoporous structures with surface areas of 0.125 cm³/g (CES) and 0.132 cm³/g (silica), enabling strong polymer-filler interactions.

Capacitive Properties of Polyaniline/Nickel Hydroxide Composites Prepared by Using 4-amino Thiophenol as the Structure Directing Agent Yu-qiu Huo1, a, Chang-hong Li1 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People’s Republic of China ahuoyuqiu@mail.neu.edu.cn Keywords: polyaniline, nickle hydroxide, 4-amino thiophenol, capacitive properties Abstract.
As we have synthesized the 3D nanostructured PANI-MnOx porous microspheres by oxidizing aniline with KMnO4 under interfacial chemical synthesis with 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as the structure-directing agent on the Au substrate[8].
So in this paper we prepared PANI/Ni(OH)2 by oxidizing aniline with (NH4)2S2O8 under interfacial chemical synthesis with 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as the structure-directing agent on the Au substrate.

Structures and Properties of Isotactic-Polypropylene/Synthesized Micro Cellulose Tray: Effects of Micro Cellulose Loading Pongpat Sukhavattanakul1,a, Lerpong Jarupan1,2,b and Chiravoot Pechyen1,2,c 1Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 2Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (CASAF, NUR-KU, Thailand) apongpat.sk@hotmail.com, blerpong.j@ku.ac.th, cchiravoot.p@ku.ac.th Keywords: Cotton fabric waste, polypropylene, maleic anhydride, microcellulose Abstract.
As the result, the aim of this present work was to investigate on structures and properties of i-PP composites with the synthesized micro cellulose extracted from cotton fabric waste.
Hirotsu: Structure and properties of composites of highly crystalline cellulose with polypropylene:effects of polypropylene molecular weight.
Chabert: Physical chemistry of the interface in polypropylene/cellulosic-fibre composites.

The modification of PMMA materials was provided by the application of a suitable degass process to obtain the porous structure.
The bubbles in PMMA have influenced the optical properties depending on the variation of the homogeneous structure.
This study indicates the properties of the holistic, integrated and cost-driven approach of polymer can support the use of lightweight polymer materials in the vehicle structures, subsystems and components.
The experiments indicated that the control of porous structure in polymer supported the most efficient lightweight with the improvement of the hardness in the system.
Chemistry, Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag (2009)

The crystal structure of the alloys was identified by X-ray diffraction equipment (XRD, Brookhaven, USA).
All alloys showed almost the same diffraction peaks, which indicated these alloys had the same structure.
As can in Fig.1(a), all alloys had the hexagonal CaCu5 type structure as the main crystal structure.
Generally, there is a single CaCu5 type structure in AB5 alloy, since Mg cannot be completely solid-soluted in CaCu5 type structure, part of Mg as a metastable form existed in CaCu5 type structure, and part of Mg combining with other elements (mainly Al, Mn) separated out.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2013,138:803 [4] Shuqin YANG, Shumin HAN, Jianzheng SONG, Yuan LI.

Preparation and enhanced photocatalytic activity of AgCl-TiO2 composite under simulated solar light Wentao Yia*, Chunyan Yanb*, Peng Yanc, Shuyin Liud College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China a qislywt@163.com; b qislycy@163.com; c yanpenglzu@163.com;d jwlsy@163.com Keywords: nano particles; hydrothermal method; AgCl-TiO2; MO; photocatalytic activity ABSTRACT: AgCl-TiO2 nano composites with a core-shell structure were successfully prepared by hydrothermal treatment.
Results and discussion 3.1 Structure and morphology XRD patterns of the samples are shown in Fig. 1(a).
The pure TiO2 showed the main characteristic peaks of anatase phase structure (JCPDS NO. 21-1272), and XRD parrerns of AgCl-TiO2 composite showed both characteristic peaks of the anatase TiO2 and cubic phase AgCl.
And the enclosure of the hysteresis loop appeared at P/P0 about 0.60, indicating the mesoporous structure [18].
From the figure, it is clear AgCl-TiO2 composite displays higher activity than that of pure TiO2, which may be attributed to the heterojunction structure betweenn them.

Silva et al [14] when they synthesized by the chemistry process of the combustion reaction and rated the nanoferrites performance MnFe2O4, CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 in methyl and ethyl esterification reaction of soybean oil, they verified by reaction tests results that nanoferrite cobalt was the most active catalyst for methyl and ethyl esterification reaction, with conversions of 49 and 56.7%, respectively.
The initial solution composition was calculated based on the total valence number of oxidizing and reducing reagents, using the propellants and explosives chemistry concepts [17,18].
It was observed only presence of major peaks characteristic of the inverse spinel structure, as evidenced by the appearing of the main peak 2θ = 35.5°, as crystallographic form JCPDF 52-0278 for both samples.
These two events were also reported by Wu et al [22] when they studied the fuel effect on chemistry and electromagnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrite doped SiO2.
The samples have shown identical surface structures, that is the same profile adsorption isotherm curve, according to the (IUPAC, 1976) classification it fits into the V-type, suggesting a mesoporous materials feature (pore radii ranging from 10 to 250 Å).

Tailoring the Properties of Polyurethane Coatings with Epoxidized Bio-Polyol Spin-Coated onto Glass and p-Type Si(100) Substrates Jonathan Patricio1,2,3,a*, Marco Laurence Budlayan2,3,b, Susan Arco1,2,c, Arnold Alguno3,d, and Arnold Lubguban4,e 1Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 2Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 3Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, 9700 Iligan City, Philippines 4Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, 9700 Iligan City, Philippines ajnpatricio@up.edu.ph, bmarcolaurence.budlayan@g.msuiit.edu.ph, csdarco@up.edu.ph, darnold.alguno@g.msuiit.edu.ph, earnold.lubguban@g.msuiit.edu.ph Keywords: dielectrics
Integral in this development has been the replacement of the conventional Al/SiO2 dielectrics in multilevel interconnect structures [4].
Therefore, several reports have described the synthesis of porous structures of thermoplastic materials from block copolymers.
ACS Chemistry of Materials, 2000, 13(1), 213–221