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Experimental Materials.
Hashim, Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 626 (2013), p. 6-10
Liu, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 106, (2007), p. 10
Zhan, et al., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 96, (2005), p. 2132–2138
A., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 101, (2006), p

Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11002163, 51178462).
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2000, 48(12): 1741-1760
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2000, 48(11):1549-1570
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2001, 51(6):943-960
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1996,18(7-8):877－887

The study of the electric erosion phenomenon of contact materials is significant to improve its service life and reliability[1-5].
In recent years, many researchers have been interested in the study of arc erosion, surface morphologies and material transfer phenomenon of noble metal alloy contact materials[6-9].
In order to study the arc erosion mechanism, the surface morphologies, microstructures and material transfer phenomenon of Pt-Ir-Zr alloy contact materials were carried out by electrical contact test machine and SEM in present paper.
Acknowledgment This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Kunming (2012-01-01-A-R-07-0005), Innovation Team of Yunnan Province(2012HC027) and the Province and University Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Yunnan Province(2012IB002).
Corresponding Author Saibei Wang, 77481311@163.com, 86-871-8328841 or +86 1580 886 3053  References [1] Wei Chen, Yi Zhen: Precious Metals No.33 (2012), p. 3 [2] Miaonong Chen: Electrical Materials No.2 (2005), p. 38 [3] Leung C L, Lee A: IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology Vol. 14 No.1 (1991), p.101 [4] Choi Y S, Kim D L, Kim M S, et al: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2011) , p.1050 [5] Chi H L, Anthony L: IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology Vol. 15 No. 2 (1992), p.146 [6] FRÉDÉRIC PONS, MOHAMMED CHERKAOUI, IDRISS ILALI and SERGE DOMINIAKE: Journal of ELECTRONIC MATERIALS Vol. 39 No. 4 (2010), p.456 [7] Rong M Z, Zhao Z Y, Yang W: Low Voltage Apparatus No. 5 (1998), p.1 [8] Deng Z M, Lu Y Shi A, et al: The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Vol. 11 No. 2 (2010), p.144 [9] Fangfang Liu: Precious Metals Vol. 28 No. 3 (2007), p.24 [10] Jing Li: Low Voltage Apparatus No.9 (

The materials prosperities used in the simulation are listed in Table 1.
Materials properties used in simulation models Materials Thermal Conductivity (W·m-1·K-1) Density (g·cm-3) Specific Heat (J·kg-1·K-1) Electrical resistivity (μΩ·cm) TCR (K-1) Cu 403 8.9 383 1.7 4.3×10-3 Ni 91 8.9 442 6.8 6.8×10-3 e-SnPb 50 7.3 227 14.6 4.4×10-3 Ni3Sn4 19.6 8.65 272 28.5 5.5×10-3 BT 0.7 1.6 600 - - FR-4 1.7 1.9 600 - - Results Due to the symmetrical structure of the two bumps in Fig. 2(b), they had symmetrical current density distributions.
Shih, JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 60 (2008) 66
Li, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 12 (2007) 423
Tu, Materials Science & Engineering R-Reports, 38 (2002) 55

(2) The constitutive relation of metal materials can not be gotten at high speed processing, so the constitutive relation at low speed processing is used in this model
Acknowledgement This research is supported by national nature science foundation of China (NSFC) project (No: 50975229) and science & technology project of Shaanxi province, China (No: 2009JQ7003）.
CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 1(1) (2008), p. 2 [2] H.
Journal of Plasticity Engineering, Vol. 15(2) (2008), p. 6 (In Chinese) [3] F.K.
Journal of Xi'an University of Technology, Vol. 25(4) (2009), p. 383 (In Chinese)

Introduction Nano-machining of brittle materials is possible, using the ductile mode in which material is removed by plastic extrusion.
To study the behaviour of the brittle-to-ductile transition of brittle materials, indentation was commonly used in machining field [1-6].
Nano indentation is an important technique for studying the mechanical behaviour of materials at nanometric scale.
It has been an important topic that cracks occurred on brittle materials' surfaces can be predicted [7-9].
Porto: Journal of Materials Science Letters Vol. 18 (1999), p. 1185

With the continuous development of science and technology, the function of the electrochemical biosensor is becoming more and more diversified.
This article summarizes the characteristics of all kinds of conventional materials of enzyme-free glucose sensor, the domestic and foreign general preparation methods of enzyme-free glucose sensors, the specific characterization of the electrode, its application fields, and prospects for future development.
At present there have been great achievements in the field of enzyme-free glucose biosensors, and various electrode materials, inducing the oxide materials and alloy materials based on platinum, gold, and nickel have synthesized, along with copper and its oxides.
With the broadening scope of applications of glucose sensors, preparation methods and preparation of materials, it will be continuously improved.
BMJ: British Medical Journal, 1998, 703-713

References [1] Erman Tekkaya, State-of-the-art of simulation of sheet metal forming Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 103, Issue 1, 1 June 2000, 14-22
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Combescure , Coupled buckling and plastic instability for tube hydroforming, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 44, Issue 5, 2002, 899-914

Renton, Effect of ageing on phase evolution and mechanical properties of a high tungsten super-duplex stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering A. 535 (2012) 281-289
[2] Henrik Sieurin, Rolf Sandstr¨om, Sigma Phase Precipitation in Duplex Stainless Steel 2205, Materials Science and Engineering A. 444 (2007) 271-276
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Ghosh, Effect of 475 ◦C embrittlement on the mechanical properties of duplex stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering A 508 (2009) 1-14.

In their work on Ti-V-Fe alloy system, Nomura and Akiba have mentioned that ferrovanadium may be used as raw materials instead of pure vanadium [10].
The starting materials were Ti (99.95% purity), V (99% purity), Mn (99% purity) and a FeV commercial alloy (79.88 wt.% V; 16.26 wt.% Fe; 3.74 wt.% Al; 0.09 wt.% Si; 0.03 wt.% Cr).
Thus, even if these materials could not be considered for practical applications we see that the replacement of vanadium by ferrovanadium does not have a large impact on the useful part of the hydrogen capacity.
Yu Science and Technology of Advanced Materials: 4 (2003), p. 491
Naixin Materials Science and Engineering A: 385 (2004), p. 17