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Depending on these factors the flow of the mixture may be either laminar or turbulent.
Physical properties of an aerated liquid are considerably different from those of the initial state of the liquid.
Theoretical Analysis Aeration of a multi-component liquid changes its physical properties.
Yet, the importance of the results obtained depends on the nonstationary properties of the shaping elements of the system.
Hence, application of air currents and their governing laws in the development of devices that reduce splashing of a lubricating liquid, as well as the natural change in the physical properties or aggregate state of the lubricating liquid, are very important for mechanical systems.

Electromagnetic field, fluid flow, and temperature distribution are important factors in EMS; as such, these factors have been extensively investigated.
The main thermal and physical properties of the slurry used in the calculation were listed as follows: for AlSi9Mg alloy, density = 2480 kg/m3; thermal conductivity = 152 W/(m·°C); specific heat capacity = 973 J/(kg·°C); resistivity = 2.1 × 10–7 W·m; relative magnetic conductivity coefficient = 1; and relative magnetic conductivity coefficient of silicon steel magnet yoke = 2000.
This result suggests that magnetic flux density is greatly promoted by increasing I, thereby affecting the value and uniformity of magnetic flux density.
Stirring frequency mainly affects the uniformity of EMF, whereas stirring current significantly affects the value and distribution of EMF.
Lee, The effect of solid fraction and indirect forging pressure on mechanical properties of wrought aluminum alloy fabricated by electromagnetic stirring, Int.

In case of samples used in the fundamental study of the metals absorptivity behaviour and the factors affecting the absorptivity evolution, in the carried out experiments the austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L was used [9], whose properties are listed in table 2.
Table 2- AISI 316 stainless steel properties Density [Kg/m3] Thermal conductivity [W/m*ºC] Specific heat [J/Kg*ºC] Elasticity modulus [MPa] Electrical resistivity [Ω*m] The latent temperature of melting [J/Kg] The latent temperature of vaporization [J/Kg] Melting temperature [ºC] Vaporization temperature [ºC] 8000 16 500 193*103 74*10-4 300*103 6500*103 1400 3000 Neglecting the radiating power and convection losses, which are generally low, the laser power absorbed by the material may be expressed by the equation: P=ρwtvCpTa-T0+Lm+Pcon (1) Where ρ, Cp and Lm represent the density, the heat capacity and the melting latent temperature of the metal, T0 is the ambient temperature, Ta is the preheating temperature of the material.
Conclusions Weld seams with excellent quality can be obtained for different types of laser unit but differ fundamentally from the point of dimensions, quality and mechanical properties.
Laser welding is a complex process and through preheating the material, the geometry, microstructure and physical properties of weld bead are modified.
[8] K.Suresh Kumar, Analytical Modeling of Temperature Distribution, Peak Temperature, Cooling Rate and Thermal Cycles in a Solid Work Piece Welded By Laser Welding Process, Procedia Materials Science 6 ( 2014 ) 821 – 834; [9] Danial Kianersi , Amir Mostafaei , Ahmad Ali Amadeh, Resistance spot welding joints of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel sheets: Phase transformations, mechanical properties and microstructure characterizations, Materials and Design 61 (2014) 251–263;

When PCC is as paper filler and coating color, the mean particle size, size distribution and particle shapes could be important factors which have an influence on physical and optical properties of paper.
And these impurities have a bad influence on calcinations of limestone, reactivity of CaO and properties of synthesized PCC.
As shown in Fig. 3, the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bursting strength, stiffness of the paper were relatively low because the addition of filler decreased the quantity of fiber, and the fine particles of the filler which are located between fibers interrupted the bonding of fibers[4,5,6].
Hemstock, "The effect of clays upon the optical properties of paper" J.
Robinson, "Optical properties of paper as affected by wet-end chemistry" J.

Also, through various construction performance tests, author confirmed the possibility of stiffness affecting the construction work.
It is a term that represents a qualitative state to the last, but this phenomenon itself includes very complex physical and chemical factors.
In this experiment, to verify the effect of the anti-stiffening agent, the anti-stiffening agent was added to the concrete sample in 30 minutes after the mixing, and compared the properties with of the base concrete as the control.
Influence of Concrete Stiffness on Construction Performance In this chapter, an influence of the stiffening behavior of concrete on construction performance was evaluated from the viewpoint of filling and pumping properties.
This suggests that the use of a stiffening agent may improve the filling properties of concrete

Introduction Thixotropic and antithixotropic materials show time-dependent properties.
In this paper these equations and some of their properties will be analyzed in rheological behavior context.
More than one type of structure can exist in a fluid, and each can be affected in different way by the shear rate.
The factor is called the coagulation factor.
Ferry, Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd Edition, Wiley, 1980

Nonlinear face-face contact model between sampler and sediment is established by adopting the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model as sediment’s material properties, and the friction and contact in the interface of sampler wall and sediment are well simulated.
The sedimentation characteristic is relevant to size distribution, siltation time, embedment depth, sedimentary environment, permeability and other factors.
That whether the sampler can remain the status quo ante of sedimentation directly affects sampling results.
Table 1 Physical mechanics properties of models Parameters clay silt silty sand fine sand medium sand sampling pipe Density(g/cm3) 2.1 2.1 2.05 2.05 2.05 7.81 Elasticity modulus(MPa) 45 18 14 37 46 2.1×105 Poisson's ratio 0.35 0.3 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.3 Cohesive force(kPa) 42 10 8 6 3 — Internal friction angle() 24 30 36 38 40 — Boundary Conditions and Load.
Nonlinear face-face contact model between sampler and sediment is established by adopting the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model as sediment’s material properties, and the friction and contact in the interface of sampler wall and sediment are well simulated.

Improvement of Solution Type Plasma Spraying Process Masami Futamata, Xiaohui Gai, Toyokazu Mizumoto and Kimio Nakanishi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology 165, Koen-cho, Kitami, Hokkaido, 090-8507, Japan, futamata@mail.kitami-it.ac.jp Keywords: solution type plasma spraying, hollow-cathode type torch.
The physical and mechanical properties that are different from usual thermal spraying coatings are described.
The construction of the resulting coating is affected by these factors. 3.2 HC type plasma spraying Figure 5 shows the patterns of a spraying coating made by an inside supplying trial HC type torch.
Kiyono: Titanium Oxide Physical Properties and Applications, Gihodo Shuppan Co., Ltd, (1997), p. 53

Some factors such as platform structure form, working load, see condition and welding technology directly affects the thick high-strength rack’s mechanical property.
Points of Rack Plate Weld Technology Jack-up drilling platform structure is complex; working environment is very harsh; investment is very huge and legs are the main bearer structure unit, so it requires high mechanical properties for legs.
Choosing the welding rod of ultra low hydrogen type or low hydrogen type can prevent cold cracks and improve the toughness of heat affected zone.
It needs to be cleaned out that Oxide, water, oil, rust and other impurities that affect the quality of welding in the groove and the groove edge of the range of 20mm each side.

Tensile properties of this alloy are shown in Fig.2.
Mechanical strain amplitude were confined to 0.45%
(1) 50μm Fig.1 Microstructure of near gamma-TiAl before TMF tests (b) (a) Fig.2 The relationships between tensile properties of Ti-46Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.15B alloy and (a) temperatures, (b) strain rates The mechanical strain εmech was calculated from the total measured strain εtotal by subtraction of the thermal expansion strain εther, such as Formula 1.
Disscussion 3.1 S-N curve The factor of effect on S-N curve of isothermal fatigue of TiAl alloy is such as composition and microstructure of alloy, machining surface of samples, temperature and mechanical strain amplitude as well as strain rates which applied to the samples.
A great number of dislocations were found in the sample after IF tests at 500 oC (Fig.6a, 6b), stack fault piling up and dislocation blocked at the γ/α2 interfaces, the interaction between dislocations and stack faults within the more wider γ lamellar, dislocation kinking at the γ/α2 interfaces (Fig.6c, 6d), which all were important factors of leading to the hardening on the curve of cyclic strain-stress responding.