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(e) Before 2nd Corrugation Sample is rotate 180° about ND (b) After 1st Corrugation (1st Pass) A (a) Before 1st Corrugation Top Corrugation Die Sample Bottom Corrugation Die ND LD TD (f) After 2nd Corrugation (3rd Pass) Top Flattening Die Bottom Flattening Die (c) Before 1st Flattening (2nd Pass) (g) Before 2nd Flattening (4th Pass) Recently, CGP process has been successfully applied to aluminum [14], [20] and many of its alloys [21], [22], copper [23], [24], nickel [25], Cu–Zn alloy [26] and low carbon steel [27].
The aim is to clarify the mechanical properties and microstructural evolutions by using both CGP procedures.
Najafabadi, The effects of room temperature ECAP and subsequent aging on mechanical properties of 2024 Al alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 585, pp. 753-759, 2014
Kim, Wear properties of high pressure torsion processed ultrafine grained Al-7% Si Alloy, Materials & Design, Vol. 53, pp. 373-382, 2014
Strain rate sensitivity and fracture behavior of severely deformed Al-Mn alloy sheets.

Organic compounds also can be determined by this method but the sensitivity and selectivity may be lower.
Among bioactive organic compounds, ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) are very important.
Nanoparticles (metal, semiconductors, alloys) [3, 6, 7] and different nanostructures (“core-shell”, nanotubes, nanorods, graphene, and others) [5, 8, 9] are widely used to modify the surfaces of electrodes that are commonly used (such as impregnated carbon, glassy carbon, and carbon paste electrodes) to increase sensitivity and selectivity of the analysis.
Metal nanoparticles, especially of noble metals, show high catalytic activity in the electro-oxidation of organic compounds [10].
Lapin, Optimization of the process of nanoparticle fabrication by laser ablation of bulk targets in a liquid, Russian Physics Journal. 57, #3 (2015) In Print [12] R.

The organic inhibitors came from organic compounds containing groups with lone pairs of electrons or compounds containing P, N, S, O heteroatom groups [6].
These compounds can form coordinating covalent bonds because they have a heteroatom group that can donate electrons [23].
This atom performs the role of an electron donor that can combine with the iron in MS to generate complicated compounds.
This means that the fraction of Fe atoms found is lower because Fe forms complex compounds with TCPE molecules [44].
S., K.L Lin, Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurement of Sn–8.5Zn–XAl–0.5Ga Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solution, Journal of Electrochemical Science. 153(8) (2006) B319-B324

With the aim of identifying the reasons for the change of the microhardness, we have conducted X-ray phase analysis of the coatings before and after annealing.
Thus, materials based on a Ti3SiC2 compound with a nanolaminate structure combine the properties of ceramics and metals, are characterized by high values of elastic modulus (326 GPa) and shear (135 Gpa), significant fracture toughness (7÷12 Mpa·m0.5), strength, crack resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance and low density (4.52 g/cm3) [14-16].
Using the EMF analysis, the elemental composition of the coatings was determined, which confirms the formation of oxygen compounds after annealing.
Rakhadilov, Investigation of formation the Ti–Al intermetallic compounds on the surface of TiAl(γ) alloy, Tsvetnye Metally. 1 (2017) 54-59
Smurov, Computer-controlled detonation spraying, Journal of Thermal Spray Technology. 20 (2011) 791-801

We note that an annealing at a higher temperature or equilibrating to 400°C made disappear all the residual organic compounds and crystallize completely the powder [9].
Structural properties Figure 2 shows the evolution of the diagram of diffraction of X-rays of the titanium oxide powder obtained after the evaporation of the organic compounds, reheated at 250°C.
With the aim of optimizing the conditions of deposition and in particular the impact of the speed of withdrawal, we have elaborate thin films obtained following only one dipping (mono-layers film) at various speeds of withdrawal.
Yoldas, Formation of titania-silica glasses by low temperature chemical polymerization, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 38 (1980) 81-86
Jones, Novel poly(n-butyl methacrylate)/titanium oxide alloys produced by the sol-gel process for titanium alkoxides, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990) 1401–1420.

This paper aims first at determining through numerical simulations the residual stresses induced by the cooling phase of the brazing process within standard tensile specimens of ceramic metal assemblies.
"Residual stresses in metal-ceramic bonded strips", Journal of the American Ceramic Society, v.68, no.5, pp. 241-248
"Residual stresses in ceramic-interlayer-metal joints", Journal of the American Ceramic Society, v.76, no.7, pp. 1661-1664
"Residual stress state of brazed ceramic/metal compounds", Journal of the American Ceramic Society, v.73, no.5, pp. 1144-1149
"Thermal residual stresses in ceramic to metal brazed joints", Journal of the American Ceramic Society, pp. 2141-2147

Chromium compounds poison the soil, atmosphere and groundwater, i.e. there is pollution in large areas.
The aim of the work was to develop low-concentration electrolytes for chromium deposition with the addition of organic substances for corrective maintenance of parts.
Micro structure of the chrome plating surface: (a) - at 35-fold magnification; (b) - at 370-fold magnification Conclusion Pulsed electrolysis makes possible to control the composition of the components of chromic alloys, iron coatings and to obtain coatings having desired properties from a single electrolyte.
Sannikov, Poly-thematic network electronic scientific journal of Kuban State Agrarian University 133 (2017) 173-185
Churilov, Poly-thematic network electronic scientific journal of Kuban State Agrarian University 82 (2012) 232-258

Film deposition and sacrificial technologies have been successfully developed particularly for films based on the intermetallic compound TiNi and TiNi-based ternary alloys [1-4].
Berveiller: Proceedings of the Symposium on Phase Transformation and Shape Memory Alloys, AMD -Vol. 189 (1994), p. 23
Gelin: Journal de Physique IV, Colloque C1 6, (1996), p. 225
Kohl: European Physics Journal - Special Topics (2008), to be published
Journal of Appl.

Interaction of several components in mechanically activated mixtures allows achieve concrete aims such as crystallite disintegration, selective reduction reaction and alteration of its kinetics and mechanism through formation of metastable structures.
J. of Alloys and Compounds (2009), V.480, p.31
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 217 (2010) 012106 [9] U.Gonser: Hyperfine Interaction V.13 (1983), p.5

(4) The effect of other alloying elements.
Low alloyed technology.
(4) Low alloyed technology.
Álvarez-Antolín: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,Vol.17 (2008) No.2, pp. 216-223 [2] I.
Ohnaka: Journal of Materials Science, Vol.37 (2002) No.7, pp. 1429-1435 [3] Carl R.