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Online since: February 2014
Authors: Wang Biao Qiu, Wei Xing Chen
Using vertical optical program to measure the 4 calibration point in each collar, several times measurement and averaging, record the data.
Table 1.1 Equiponderance test plan Group Magnetic field frequency f(Hz) Magnetic treatment time t(s) U(V)/I(A)/P (W) W(J) 1 QK 300 300/3.33/1000 300000 2 2K 455 220/3/660 300000 3 200 1715 25/7/175 300000 1.2 The analysis of test data Table 1.2 for the experimental data, the unit is , the column of variation mean the amount of diameter change in the measuring points pre and post the magnetic treatment.
Table 1.2 Equiponderance contrast test data (unit: ) Group Specimens Content LocationⅠ LocationⅡ LocationⅢ LocationⅣ Average variation Average variation of group 1 1 pre treatment 3.2 3.5 2.8 3.8 3.2 3.0125 Post treatment 0 0.1 0.2 0.2 variation 3.2 3.4 2.6 3.6 2 pre treatment 3.8 4.2 4.2 3.8 2.825 Post treatment 0.2 0.8 1.2 2.5 variation 3.6 3.4 3 1.3 2 3 pre treatment 2 3.8 3.6 4.2 2.2 2.225 Post treatment 1 1.1 1.5 1.2 variation 1 2.7 2.1 3 4 pre treatment 4.7 6.3 5.8 7 2.25 Post treatment 3.5 3.5 3.6 4.2 variation 1.2 2.8 2.2 2.8 3 5 pre treatment 3.9 2.9 3.5 3 0.9 1.35 Post treatment 3.1 2.5 2.2 1.9 variation 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.1 6 pre treatment 2.9 2.8 3 4.8 1.8 Post treatment 1.2 1.2 2 1.9 variation 1.7 1.6 1 2.9 Average changes curve of individual and each group collars' diameter before and after magnetic processing as shown in figure 1.3 and figure 1.4.
The difference between effects of different frequency electromagnetic pulse destressing Integrate the equiponderance contrast test data,from the table 1.2 can draw the conclusion that under equiponderance condition, the diameter size of the specimen after the low frequency pulse magnetic field, intermediate frequency pulse magnetic treatment, has different reduction.
Table 1.1 Equiponderance test plan Group Magnetic field frequency f(Hz) Magnetic treatment time t(s) U(V)/I(A)/P (W) W(J) 1 QK 300 300/3.33/1000 300000 2 2K 455 220/3/660 300000 3 200 1715 25/7/175 300000 1.2 The analysis of test data Table 1.2 for the experimental data, the unit is , the column of variation mean the amount of diameter change in the measuring points pre and post the magnetic treatment.
Table 1.2 Equiponderance contrast test data (unit: ) Group Specimens Content LocationⅠ LocationⅡ LocationⅢ LocationⅣ Average variation Average variation of group 1 1 pre treatment 3.2 3.5 2.8 3.8 3.2 3.0125 Post treatment 0 0.1 0.2 0.2 variation 3.2 3.4 2.6 3.6 2 pre treatment 3.8 4.2 4.2 3.8 2.825 Post treatment 0.2 0.8 1.2 2.5 variation 3.6 3.4 3 1.3 2 3 pre treatment 2 3.8 3.6 4.2 2.2 2.225 Post treatment 1 1.1 1.5 1.2 variation 1 2.7 2.1 3 4 pre treatment 4.7 6.3 5.8 7 2.25 Post treatment 3.5 3.5 3.6 4.2 variation 1.2 2.8 2.2 2.8 3 5 pre treatment 3.9 2.9 3.5 3 0.9 1.35 Post treatment 3.1 2.5 2.2 1.9 variation 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.1 6 pre treatment 2.9 2.8 3 4.8 1.8 Post treatment 1.2 1.2 2 1.9 variation 1.7 1.6 1 2.9 Average changes curve of individual and each group collars' diameter before and after magnetic processing as shown in figure 1.3 and figure 1.4.
The difference between effects of different frequency electromagnetic pulse destressing Integrate the equiponderance contrast test data,from the table 1.2 can draw the conclusion that under equiponderance condition, the diameter size of the specimen after the low frequency pulse magnetic field, intermediate frequency pulse magnetic treatment, has different reduction.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Y. Kim, Woo Teck Kwon, Sea Cheon Oh, Yoon Joo Lee, Soo Ryong Kim, Eun Jin Jung, Won Kyu Park
Results and discussion
Crystalline phase of the two kinds of sludge is investigated using a XRD and the data is shown in fig.1.
XRD data confirms that the crystalline phase of two samples is different.
Fig. 3 X-ray diffraction patterns of SiC powders produced (a) at 1350℃ and (b) at 1600℃ Scanning electron microscopy data shows the shape and size of the β-SiC powders produced from heat treated temperature at 1350℃ and 1600℃ (Fig. 4).
In case of that the heat treatment temperature of sample is increased from 1350℃ to 1600℃, the SEM data shows the particle size is increased with heat treatment temperature.
With increasing heat treatment temperature, SEM data shows the particle size is increased.
XRD data confirms that the crystalline phase of two samples is different.
Fig. 3 X-ray diffraction patterns of SiC powders produced (a) at 1350℃ and (b) at 1600℃ Scanning electron microscopy data shows the shape and size of the β-SiC powders produced from heat treated temperature at 1350℃ and 1600℃ (Fig. 4).
In case of that the heat treatment temperature of sample is increased from 1350℃ to 1600℃, the SEM data shows the particle size is increased with heat treatment temperature.
With increasing heat treatment temperature, SEM data shows the particle size is increased.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Jae Min Shin, Yoon Seok Shin
The purpose of this study is to determine the actual state of noise occurrence in apartment-unit households by utilizing state data to examine individual noise sources and the types of noise between floors.
We will use this fundamental data to propose a management plan for each source of noise between floors occurring in an apartment housing development and set specific noise evaluation criteria.
Conclusion This is a fundamental study that attempts to derive a noise reduction plan for noise between floors in apartment housing, and to understand the actual state of noise between floors occurrence.
We will use this fundamental data to propose a management plan for each source of noise between floors occurring in an apartment housing development and set specific noise evaluation criteria.
Conclusion This is a fundamental study that attempts to derive a noise reduction plan for noise between floors in apartment housing, and to understand the actual state of noise between floors occurrence.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Juan Zhang, Xian Xiang Luo, Kai Jing Sun, Hong Li Jia
Abstract: Based on the data obtained from the study of the sediment soil sample in Yellow River Estuary and adjacent sea area in May 2011, this study analyzes the distribution characteristics of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As) in sediments, and evaluate their pollution levels.
Introduction Yellow River Estuary is located between the Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay, It, together with adjacent sea area, forms the marine ecological environment with high productivity, which is suitable for growth and development of marine lives because of large amounts of fresh water, sediment and various nutrient salts species from Yellow river[1].But in recent years, Yellow river estuary ,the unique ecological system, has been severely affected owing to the reduction of freshwater input, frequent water-sediment regulation and environmental pollution and so on[2].
This study aims to analyze the content and distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent waters and thus indicate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the overlying deposit of the estuary environment, which would provide basic sedimentary environment pollution data for the region's ecological management.
Introduction Yellow River Estuary is located between the Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay, It, together with adjacent sea area, forms the marine ecological environment with high productivity, which is suitable for growth and development of marine lives because of large amounts of fresh water, sediment and various nutrient salts species from Yellow river[1].But in recent years, Yellow river estuary ,the unique ecological system, has been severely affected owing to the reduction of freshwater input, frequent water-sediment regulation and environmental pollution and so on[2].
This study aims to analyze the content and distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent waters and thus indicate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the overlying deposit of the estuary environment, which would provide basic sedimentary environment pollution data for the region's ecological management.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Xu Jun Chen, Xiao E Zhu, Chao Hong Gao
Many studies have focused on the flexural behavior of conventional reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) bonded on the bottom surface; however, rare attempt is made to strengthen RC beams with FRP bonded on the side surface, furthermore, as for the comparative study of the both is even more scarce.Based on the existing bending experimental data of RC beams externally strengthened with FRP, the flexural capacity calculation formula of normal section of RC beams strengthened with FRP bonded on the side or bottom surface was deduced in the paper.
Comparison of analytical and experimental results In order to confirm the effectiveness of the flexural capacity formula proposed in the paper for RC beams strengthened with side bonded or bottom bonded FRP, experimental data for six beams was collected to calculate the load-carrying capacity.
It is indicated from table3 that under the circumstance of the same amount of FRP reinforcement, load-carrying capacity of bottom bonded is a little superior to that of side bonded, with the increase of strengthening amount, the reduction of load-carrying capacity of strengthened beams with side bonded relative to bottom bonded is increasing, but not obvious.
Comparison of analytical and experimental results In order to confirm the effectiveness of the flexural capacity formula proposed in the paper for RC beams strengthened with side bonded or bottom bonded FRP, experimental data for six beams was collected to calculate the load-carrying capacity.
It is indicated from table3 that under the circumstance of the same amount of FRP reinforcement, load-carrying capacity of bottom bonded is a little superior to that of side bonded, with the increase of strengthening amount, the reduction of load-carrying capacity of strengthened beams with side bonded relative to bottom bonded is increasing, but not obvious.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Yong Qi Zhang, Shi Gang Li
Based on the data obtained, APS was found to be a α - (1-4)-D -glucan, with a single α- D-glucose at the C-6 position every nine residue, on average, along the main chain.
The previous study in patients and experimental animals showed the effects of Astragalus on the reduction of proteinuria and hyperlipidaemia as well as on immunomodulation and renoprotection.
Data from this study showed that C-BSA administration developed a renal lesion uniformly consisting of numerous slightly enlarged renal glomeruli, capillary stenosis and thickened capillary walls with scattered short subepithelial basement membrane projections by light microscopy as well as sparse granular deposits of IgG located predominantly in the mesangium and basement membrane in immunofluorescence findings, relative to the 24 h Urine protein elevation.
The previous study in patients and experimental animals showed the effects of Astragalus on the reduction of proteinuria and hyperlipidaemia as well as on immunomodulation and renoprotection.
Data from this study showed that C-BSA administration developed a renal lesion uniformly consisting of numerous slightly enlarged renal glomeruli, capillary stenosis and thickened capillary walls with scattered short subepithelial basement membrane projections by light microscopy as well as sparse granular deposits of IgG located predominantly in the mesangium and basement membrane in immunofluorescence findings, relative to the 24 h Urine protein elevation.
Online since: October 2023
Authors: Abdallah Shanableh, Sourjya Bhattacharjee, Wedad Masoud
The experimental data were fitted using Pseudo-first order (PFO) (Eq. 1) and Pseudo-second order (PSO) (Eq. 2) reaction rates.
This is related to the specificity and targeted removal of the dye by Fe0-C particles compared to the Fe0 particles [14,28,29]. the reduction of the azo (N=N) bonds due to the oxidation of Fe0 likely causes the decolorization observed in the solution [30].
The PFO model fitted the RhB removal data best with an R2 value of 0.99 while the PSO model fitted the Cr (VI) removal data best with an R2 value of 0.88 [15, 35].
Ning, “Preparation of air-stable magnetic g-C3N4@Fe0-graphene composite by new reduction method for simultaneous and synergistic conversion of organic dyes and heavy metal ions in aqueous solution,” Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 212, pp. 586–596, 2019
-xian Zhang, “Transformation and composition evolution of nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) synthesized by borohydride reduction in Static Water,” Chemosphere, vol. 119, pp. 1068–1074, 2015
This is related to the specificity and targeted removal of the dye by Fe0-C particles compared to the Fe0 particles [14,28,29]. the reduction of the azo (N=N) bonds due to the oxidation of Fe0 likely causes the decolorization observed in the solution [30].
The PFO model fitted the RhB removal data best with an R2 value of 0.99 while the PSO model fitted the Cr (VI) removal data best with an R2 value of 0.88 [15, 35].
Ning, “Preparation of air-stable magnetic g-C3N4@Fe0-graphene composite by new reduction method for simultaneous and synergistic conversion of organic dyes and heavy metal ions in aqueous solution,” Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 212, pp. 586–596, 2019
-xian Zhang, “Transformation and composition evolution of nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) synthesized by borohydride reduction in Static Water,” Chemosphere, vol. 119, pp. 1068–1074, 2015
Online since: May 2024
Authors: William Haupt, Alexandre Pereira Dall'Oglio, Regis Gonçalves e Silva, Kaue Riffel
Jeon et al. [26] in their study evaluated the formation of σ and χ phases in ingots with the addition of alloying elements such as Cu, W, and Ce in HDSS, observing a reduction in the formation and sigma phase with the increase in the χ phase.
This work can be used as a source of data to increase operational safety in demands that require applications in severe corrosion environments. 2.
For the χ phase, a slight phase formation growth is pointed out from 60 to 180 min, with a slight reduction after this time.
The presence of precipitates promoted the decomposition of α with a reduction in the value of alloying elements essential for maintaining corrosion resistance, making this region more susceptible to corrosion.
Availability of data and material The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the articles used as a reference and supplementary materials.
This work can be used as a source of data to increase operational safety in demands that require applications in severe corrosion environments. 2.
For the χ phase, a slight phase formation growth is pointed out from 60 to 180 min, with a slight reduction after this time.
The presence of precipitates promoted the decomposition of α with a reduction in the value of alloying elements essential for maintaining corrosion resistance, making this region more susceptible to corrosion.
Availability of data and material The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the articles used as a reference and supplementary materials.
Online since: June 2021
Authors: Amrisha Srivastava, Puneet Singh Chauhan, Rachana Singh
Microbes due to the presence of reductase enzymes are capable of synthesizing nanoparticles of smaller dimensions by the reduction of metal salts [21].
Reductase enzymes present in microbes helps in the formation of nanomaterials by the reduction of metallic ions.
The sequence data of 16S rRNA of bacterial strains obtained was aligned using the BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) program, available from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) [29].
Figure 4: Illustration of the stability of biologically synthesized AgNPs from initial measurement (IM) till 10thday at 430nm 0.103 0.090 0.076 0.063 0.049 0.036 356.0 433.5 511.0 588.5 666.0 743.5 Absorbance Wavelength(Nanometer) 430nm Figure 5: Graphical representation of data obtained by UV-Vis spectrum of synthesized AgNPs The data recorded from UV-Visible spectra showed that the reaction has been occurred between silver nitrate and bacterial strains CD4 and CD10.
Zhang, Mn2+ promoted Cr (VI) reduction with oxalic acid: the indispensable role of In-situ generated Mn3+, J.
Reductase enzymes present in microbes helps in the formation of nanomaterials by the reduction of metallic ions.
The sequence data of 16S rRNA of bacterial strains obtained was aligned using the BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) program, available from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) [29].
Figure 4: Illustration of the stability of biologically synthesized AgNPs from initial measurement (IM) till 10thday at 430nm 0.103 0.090 0.076 0.063 0.049 0.036 356.0 433.5 511.0 588.5 666.0 743.5 Absorbance Wavelength(Nanometer) 430nm Figure 5: Graphical representation of data obtained by UV-Vis spectrum of synthesized AgNPs The data recorded from UV-Visible spectra showed that the reaction has been occurred between silver nitrate and bacterial strains CD4 and CD10.
Zhang, Mn2+ promoted Cr (VI) reduction with oxalic acid: the indispensable role of In-situ generated Mn3+, J.
Online since: December 2015
Authors: Mohd Rozi Ahmad, Suzaini A. Ghani, Faris Mohd Zulkifli Nasrun, Mohamad Faizul Yahya
Modulus results show the simulation data slightly exceeded the actual data.
The predictive simulation results were inconsistent with the actual experimental data.
The sample was extracted from the lowest speed sample (2 m/min) to find the performance reduction.
The researchers submitted that the commingle yarn resulted 3 % reduction of young modulus in warp direction while 17 % reduction in weft.
A major reduction of tensile modulus capability in weft direction than warp is because the commingle yarn committed more yarn interlacing on the weave structure.
The predictive simulation results were inconsistent with the actual experimental data.
The sample was extracted from the lowest speed sample (2 m/min) to find the performance reduction.
The researchers submitted that the commingle yarn resulted 3 % reduction of young modulus in warp direction while 17 % reduction in weft.
A major reduction of tensile modulus capability in weft direction than warp is because the commingle yarn committed more yarn interlacing on the weave structure.