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Online since: May 2011
Authors: Wen Jie Xu
The computational formula is ( enterprise number in T term —enterprise number in (T-1) term ) /enterprise number in (T-1) term; Second, product differentiation makes new ingoing enterprises have biggish living space and leads to the reduction of profit ratio.
As economical significant valid data are deficient , this paper puts forward the model of industrial performance : While represents the share of top four enterprises' sale volume of motor-dom in the whole trade; represents new manufactures' net increasing rate; represents sale profit ratio of motor-dom;represents research and development expenditures; represents product differentiation; represents stochastic disturbance term
(2) The Sources and Descriptions of Data.
Considering the availability of data and the purpose of empirical analysis, this article will set the time span between 2001 and 2008, while the data sources are from the Information Network of State Council Development and Research Center, China Association of Auto Manufactures and Zhonghong Business Database
In order to ensure the reliability of regression analysis,first, test the data stationarity in temporal series,we use ADF test to determine the data stationarity and use Eviews6 to conduct root unit test of every variable, then the hysteretic term in test we determine to use SC criterion.
As economical significant valid data are deficient , this paper puts forward the model of industrial performance : While represents the share of top four enterprises' sale volume of motor-dom in the whole trade; represents new manufactures' net increasing rate; represents sale profit ratio of motor-dom;represents research and development expenditures; represents product differentiation; represents stochastic disturbance term
(2) The Sources and Descriptions of Data.
Considering the availability of data and the purpose of empirical analysis, this article will set the time span between 2001 and 2008, while the data sources are from the Information Network of State Council Development and Research Center, China Association of Auto Manufactures and Zhonghong Business Database
In order to ensure the reliability of regression analysis,first, test the data stationarity in temporal series,we use ADF test to determine the data stationarity and use Eviews6 to conduct root unit test of every variable, then the hysteretic term in test we determine to use SC criterion.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Bao Dong Cheng, Yuan Tian
THEORETICAL MODEL AND DATA PROCESSING
The grey relational analysis (GRA) is a quantitative method to explore the similarity and dissimilarity among factors in developing dynamic process [6].
Data Processing.
In the paper, we will classify with the original data, import-output forest products Y is the reference series from 1999 to 2008, value of export X1-X12 of every forest is comparison series.
Secondly, we make discrediting these data.
Comparative Advantage and Forest Endowment in Forest Products Trade.Evidence from Panel Data of OECD-Countries, Journal of Forest Economics, No.8, 2002
Data Processing.
In the paper, we will classify with the original data, import-output forest products Y is the reference series from 1999 to 2008, value of export X1-X12 of every forest is comparison series.
Secondly, we make discrediting these data.
Comparative Advantage and Forest Endowment in Forest Products Trade.Evidence from Panel Data of OECD-Countries, Journal of Forest Economics, No.8, 2002
Online since: November 2025
Authors: M.N.A. Uda, Achmad Syaifudin, N. Parimon, Uda Hashim, Widyastuti Widyastuti, M.N. Afnan Uda, C. Chiam, Chai Chang Yii, Lorita Angeline
Effective noise management is crucial for measurement systems, as noise can interfere with even the most sophisticated hardware and data collection systems.
Data from the output amplifier was read and displayed on an LCD screen.
Consequently, it is necessary to compare and examine data from these three results in order to assess the accuracy and consistency of these findings.
Data Comparison.
By integrating a MAX4238 operational amplifier for signal amplification, a high-resolution ADS1115 ADC for analog-to-digital conversion, and a NodeMCU microcontroller for data processing and display, the proposed system addresses key challenges in low-current biosensing, including signal amplification, power efficiency, and noise reduction.
Data from the output amplifier was read and displayed on an LCD screen.
Consequently, it is necessary to compare and examine data from these three results in order to assess the accuracy and consistency of these findings.
Data Comparison.
By integrating a MAX4238 operational amplifier for signal amplification, a high-resolution ADS1115 ADC for analog-to-digital conversion, and a NodeMCU microcontroller for data processing and display, the proposed system addresses key challenges in low-current biosensing, including signal amplification, power efficiency, and noise reduction.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: A. Sokolov, Alexander K. Tsvetnikov, Albert M. Ziatdinov, Alexander Yu. Ustinov, Yury M. Nikolenko
According to the XPS data, the amount of oxygen in AHL samples decreases by almost an order of magnitude.
It should be noted that when the laser with λ = 531.8 nm was used, and taking into account the data of the studies presented in [14], the D′ intensity is about 10-15 % of the G intensity.
In the case of the Li/AHL electrochemical system, other process should be considered, since the pyrolysis of HL leads to a tenfold decrease (according to XPS data) in the amount of oxygen covalently bound to carbon.
The obtained data confirmed the efficiency of lignin heat treatment in order to obtain energy-consuming electrode material for LB.
SEM, PEM, XRD, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy data suggest that the obtained nanographitized material consists of nanoscale structural blocks, possibly nanographite and/or few-layer nanographenes.
It should be noted that when the laser with λ = 531.8 nm was used, and taking into account the data of the studies presented in [14], the D′ intensity is about 10-15 % of the G intensity.
In the case of the Li/AHL electrochemical system, other process should be considered, since the pyrolysis of HL leads to a tenfold decrease (according to XPS data) in the amount of oxygen covalently bound to carbon.
The obtained data confirmed the efficiency of lignin heat treatment in order to obtain energy-consuming electrode material for LB.
SEM, PEM, XRD, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy data suggest that the obtained nanographitized material consists of nanoscale structural blocks, possibly nanographite and/or few-layer nanographenes.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Nigel J. Simms, Shao Min Wu, Mohammad Asgaryan
The integrated model is validated with historical data from Central Electricity Research Laboratories.The remainder of this paper is structured as follows: Model integration, results and discussion and summary.
Combined model Stress rupture data.
Stress rupture data for the common boiler tube materials (Low and high alloy ferritic and austenitic) are given in C.E.R.L (Central Electricity Research Laboratories) report [7].
Fig. 2 shows the stress rupture data of T22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) for metal temperatures between 450 and 650°C and hoop stress between 10 and 300MPa [7].
These predictions for T22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) were close to the stress rupture data provided by [7] (Fig. 2).
Combined model Stress rupture data.
Stress rupture data for the common boiler tube materials (Low and high alloy ferritic and austenitic) are given in C.E.R.L (Central Electricity Research Laboratories) report [7].
Fig. 2 shows the stress rupture data of T22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) for metal temperatures between 450 and 650°C and hoop stress between 10 and 300MPa [7].
These predictions for T22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) were close to the stress rupture data provided by [7] (Fig. 2).
Online since: August 2021
Authors: Aleksey N. Shapovalov, Lilya A. Ayvazyan, Nadezhda K. Nikoli
The Purpose and Object of the Study
The aim of the research is to improve the continuous casting technology of round blooms based on the analysis of production data on the blooms quality and casting parameters.
The research was conducted on the basis of data on the operation of 4-strand bloom caster JSC “Ural Steel” curvilinear type.
Calculated data on the surface temperature dynamics of a 455 mm diameter round bloom within the secondary cooling zone at current and optimum coolant flow rates (at normal overheating) are shown in figure 3.
The data in Fig. 3 confirms that under the current secondary cooling and casting temperature-rate regimes, overcooling of the round bloom surface occurs in the first two segments of secondary cooling, which leads to additional thermal and phase stresses.
Conclusion The analysis of production data on casting of round blooms 455 mm in diameter (from steel grade “2”) at blooming caster of JSC “Ural Steel” has allowed to establish the main reasons for unsatisfactory quality of billet, which consist of increased steel overheat in the tundish and irrational of secondary cooling mode.
The research was conducted on the basis of data on the operation of 4-strand bloom caster JSC “Ural Steel” curvilinear type.
Calculated data on the surface temperature dynamics of a 455 mm diameter round bloom within the secondary cooling zone at current and optimum coolant flow rates (at normal overheating) are shown in figure 3.
The data in Fig. 3 confirms that under the current secondary cooling and casting temperature-rate regimes, overcooling of the round bloom surface occurs in the first two segments of secondary cooling, which leads to additional thermal and phase stresses.
Conclusion The analysis of production data on casting of round blooms 455 mm in diameter (from steel grade “2”) at blooming caster of JSC “Ural Steel” has allowed to establish the main reasons for unsatisfactory quality of billet, which consist of increased steel overheat in the tundish and irrational of secondary cooling mode.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Yu.I. Kretova, S.P. Merenkova, A.A. Lukin
Under these conditions, hydrolysis of starch and a significant reduction in the solubility of protein fractions.
Table 1 presents experimental data of research of degree of influence of electrophysical effects on the development of fungi of the genus Aspergillus in barley grain.
Experimental research data.
Data on the reaction of fungi of the genus Penicillium on the effect of microwave fields are presented in Table. 2.
Experimental research data Number options The heating temperature, [°C] The infestation of fungal infection [%] р.
Table 1 presents experimental data of research of degree of influence of electrophysical effects on the development of fungi of the genus Aspergillus in barley grain.
Experimental research data.
Data on the reaction of fungi of the genus Penicillium on the effect of microwave fields are presented in Table. 2.
Experimental research data Number options The heating temperature, [°C] The infestation of fungal infection [%] р.
Online since: December 2023
Authors: Mohammad Sukri Mustapa, Zazuli Mohid, Bin Hong Chong, Nurul Ashikin binti Radzali, Kai Cheng, Mohd Rasidi Ibrahim
However, the average cylindricity values show a reduction of 11.57% due to vibrations caused by improper workpiece balancing.
Overall, the data indicates that cylindricity values increase as the hole number increases [8].
However, the study found inconsistent data for hole cylindricity and surface roughness, possibly due to improper clamping methods.
Overhang position of workpiece Conclusion The chapter concludes by suggesting further research on the effectiveness of data gathering during drilling operations for aircraft wings.
However, inconsistent data was obtained for the hole cylindricity graph due to vibration caused by an incorrectly positioned workpiece support.
Overall, the data indicates that cylindricity values increase as the hole number increases [8].
However, the study found inconsistent data for hole cylindricity and surface roughness, possibly due to improper clamping methods.
Overhang position of workpiece Conclusion The chapter concludes by suggesting further research on the effectiveness of data gathering during drilling operations for aircraft wings.
However, inconsistent data was obtained for the hole cylindricity graph due to vibration caused by an incorrectly positioned workpiece support.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Bernd-Arno Behrens, Ilya Peshekhodov, Milan Vucetic, Anas Bouguecha, Yi Lin Jin, Deniz Yilkiran, Sven Hübner
On each diagram, three experimental curves are presented along with the specimens at the end of the test and an indication of the data range used for the flow curve determination.
The data beyond this range was discarded as not suitable due to a high influence of friction.
Stress-strain diagrams determined in the multi-layer compression test for CR240BH (left) and AlSi10MnMg (right) with the specimens at the end of the test and an indication of the data range used for the flow curve determination Figure 5.
This friction conditions along with the used material data proved to lead to a good agreement between the FEA and experiment as shown below.
The mathematical description of the material flow and friction conditions was validated based on the comparison between the simulated clinch point geometry and punch force with the corresponding experimental data.
The data beyond this range was discarded as not suitable due to a high influence of friction.
Stress-strain diagrams determined in the multi-layer compression test for CR240BH (left) and AlSi10MnMg (right) with the specimens at the end of the test and an indication of the data range used for the flow curve determination Figure 5.
This friction conditions along with the used material data proved to lead to a good agreement between the FEA and experiment as shown below.
The mathematical description of the material flow and friction conditions was validated based on the comparison between the simulated clinch point geometry and punch force with the corresponding experimental data.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Alexandra Zakharova, Elena Telipenko
To be able to meet competition and develop successfully the company must, first, use new technologies for its development, and second, make decisions on the base of the analyzed data reflecting the real situation in the company [4].
Let us assess bankruptcy risk of a company by the example of OJSC “Ishimbai machine building plant” (Russia, the town of Ishimbai) on the base of the data for the 4th quarter, 2011.
Such ratios require constructing a membership function on the base of expert or statistical data.
We classify the obtained risk value on the base of Step 4 table data.
Then we calculated the risk degree of the company on the base of actual data for the first quarter 2012.
Let us assess bankruptcy risk of a company by the example of OJSC “Ishimbai machine building plant” (Russia, the town of Ishimbai) on the base of the data for the 4th quarter, 2011.
Such ratios require constructing a membership function on the base of expert or statistical data.
We classify the obtained risk value on the base of Step 4 table data.
Then we calculated the risk degree of the company on the base of actual data for the first quarter 2012.