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Scaffolds with mechanical properties that mimic the tissue to be restored are critical to maintain the morphology and function of a scaffold after implantation and during tissue regeneration.
Tissue engineering is one promising strategy to stimulate tissue formation through the use of cells, growth factors, and biomaterials.
Finally, the mechanical properties of the SF/ α-TCP scaffolds were evaluated using a universal testing machine.
Mechanical properties The compressive modulus of all scaffolds was determined in wet conditions.
The findings suggest that the further studies should be performed to improve the mechanical properties of the SF/ α-TCP composite scaffolds.

The mechanical properties of alloys depend on many factors that act during the process of solidification.
The important factors are the structure of the melt, the crystallization rate, and the temperature gradient at the liquid-solid interface.
The latest investigation shows that: The metal with the phase of nanocrystal and amorphous performs prominent mechanical property, especially the plasticity [9].
The morphology of eutectic Si of rapidly-solidified hypereutectic Al-Si alloys are affected by the growth of α phase and the cooling rate, the eutectic which is similar with feather-needles is formed consequently.

Introduction SiCp/Al composite is reinforced by the second phase characteristics of silicon carbide particles, and it is enormously used in aerospace, electronics and automobile industries due to its superior properties such as higher strength to weight ratio, excellent low-temperature performance, chemical inertness, high strength and wear resistance.
Tool corner radius is one of key factors which can influence residual stress, cutting force and temperature in the machining process.
To analyze effect of tool corner radius on the machining process, single factor simulations would be carried on.
China Mechanical Engineering,2008, 20:2419-2422
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences:47 (2005) 16111628

In this sense, research studies are oriented to the optimization of the mechanical properties of the pieces through the parameters of the manufacturing process, analyzing how they affect the anisotropy and mechanical resistance of the piece.
The most dangerous defects that can occur during the manufacturing process are mainly due to cracks (with a degree of affectation on the mechanical and aesthetic properties of the object according to the dimensions of the crack), porosity (distributed throughout the entire volume of the piece and that affect its mechanical properties), local pore groupings (can give rise to cracks during the operational life or in service of the object), residual stresses (can cause deformations, loss of geometry and formation of macro-cracks) and the possible influence of surface roughness on the fatigue resistance of the final product, a subject that is still under study today [9, 10].
Through the processing and analysis of images acquired by a LWIR thermographic camera, it is intended to obtain variables and indexes that influence properties related to the quality of the parts.
Martínez-Ramos, “Influencial factors in thermographic analysis in substations,” Infrared Phys Technol, vol. 90, pp. 207–213, 2018, doi:10.1016/j.infrared. 2018.03.014
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics.”

In order to understand surface properties of thin films, contact angle and roughness were measured.
Introduction Recently there has been a great interest in nano hybrid of organic and inorganic materials for their unique properties in mechanical, optical and electrical fields [1,2].
The properties of organic-inorganic hybrid coating films are affected by constitution, properties of composition, molecular structure, interaction of chemical bonds [7,8].
A major factor of coating films is chemical bond of organic materials with inorganic particles.
Generally, properties of organic-inorganic hybrid coating films are deteriorated with increasing chemical bond of organicorganic materials.

The incremental forming of titanium alloy sheets combines the advantages of this advanced flexible manufacturing process, that allows to produce complex components without using dedicated tools, with the interesting properties of the material under consideration.
Moreover, they emphasize that the tool-sheet contact conditions mainly affect the repeatability of the process due to the occurrence of galling.
However, it is important to underline that the maximum wall angle, determined by the formability tests, represents a process capability which may be dependent on other factors not investigated in this work.
The different behavior in terms of process repeatability is due to the galling, a form of wear caused by adhesion between sliding surfaces that notoriously affects the titanium alloys.
Polat, Mechanical and microstructural evaluations of hot formed titanium sheets by electrical resistance heating process, Mat.

Table 1. 40 TRIZ innovative principles 1 segmentation 15 dynamic parts 29 pneumatics & hydraulics 2 separation 16 partial or excessive actions 30 flexible shells & thin films 3 local quality 17 dimensionality change 31 porous materials 4 symmetry change 18 mechanical vibration 32 optical property changes 5 merge 19 periodic action 33 homogeneity 6 multi-functionality 20 continuity of useful action 34 discarding & recovering 7 nested doll 21 hurrying 35 parameter change 8 weight compensation 22 blessing in disguise 36 phase transition 9 preliminary counteraction 23 feedback 37 thermal expansion 10 preliminary action 24 intermediary 38 strong oxidants 11 beforehand compensation 25 self-service 39 inert atmosphere 12 equi-potentiality 26 copying 40 composite materials 13 the other way around 27 cheap disposables 14 curvature increase 28 mechanical interactionsubstitution Table 2. 39 TRIZ engineering features 1 Weight of moving objects 14 Strength 27 Reliability 2 Weight of stationary
objects 15 Duration of action by a moving object 28 Measurement accuracy 3 length of moving objects 16 Duration of action by a stationary object 29 Manufacturing precision 4 length of stationary objects 17 temperature 30 External harm affects the object 5 area of moving objects 18 Illumination intensity 31 Object-generated harmful factors 6 area of stationary objects 19 Use of energy by moving object 32 Ease of manufacture 7 volume of moving objects 20 Use of energy by stationary object 33 Ease of operation 8 volume of stationary objects 21 Power 34 Ease of repair 9 Speed 22 Loss of energy 35 Adaptability or versatility 10 Force 23 Loss of substance 36 Device complexity 11 Stress or pressure 24 Loss of information 37 Difficulty of detecting and measuring 12 shape 25 Loss of time 38 Extent of automation 13 Stability of object’s composition 26 Quantity of substance/ matter 39 productivity Table. 3 Partial triz 39×39 contradiction matrix [1] TRIZ-based conflict-solving approaches at planning
However, the management parameter 27 “The robustness and non-sensitivity of the decisions a manager makes; affected by controllable factors from employees, departments, or a enterprise” is worsen simultaneously.
The robustness and non-sensitivity of the decisions a manager makes; affected by controllable factors from employees, departments, or a enterprise 35.

The asphalt mixture is a viscoelastic material, the main factors which affect its mechanical properties are loading and temperature.
Loading conditions are not easy to control, so temperature becomes the dominant factor to solve rutting.
Considering factors which like phase change temperature, phase change latent heat, thermal conductivity coefficient, volumetric change rate, volatility, boiling point and so on, myristic acid, palmitic acid, PEG 4000 are chosen and the thermal properties parameters are shown in Table 1.
Figure 16 indicates that the natural phase change fatigue of rutting specimen affect the results because of bad weather.
Conclusions When PCMA is at PCT or higher temperature range, the viscoelastic properties and corresponding road performance is deeply influenced, so the import mode is abandoned.

Feasibility Study of Arduino Microcontroller Usage for IPMC Actuator Control Muhammad Aliff Rosly1, 2, a, Muhammad Farid Shaari3, b and Zahurin Samad1, c 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia 3Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Eng., Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia aaliff.rosly@yahoo.com, bmdfarid@uthm.edu.my, cmezahurin@usm.my Keywords: IPMC, Ionic Polymer, Arduino, Control, Underwater actuator, Smart actuator Abstract.
However, IPMC t1 has lower steady-state stability (higher noise) compared to IPMC t2 due to IPMC actuator mechanism factors and current setup limitation for Arduino microcontroller.
Owing to its beneficial properties such as light weight, bio-compatibility and its capability to be used underwater make it more preferable actuator especially for small underwater robot [2].
Lower Arduino analog read sampling rate and analog write resolution setup also are considered factors to the unsmoothed signal reading.
IPMC t1 response tends to be easily affected by external noise such as vibration compared to the IPMC t2 as shown in the Fig. 6(a).

Technological processes have a significant influence on the properties of the metallic formed pieces during production.
We get an important knowledge of relationship “technological parameters – microstructure – properties”.
The results showed that the ensuing surface profiles were controlled by several factors: applied boundary conditions, Taylor factor and shear tendency of the individual grains and the spatial distribution of grain neighborhood orientations.
This is unalloyed structural fine grain steel having the following mechanical properties: Re = 235 MPa, Rm = 340 – 440 MPa, A = 25 % [9,10].
Effect of reducing on the mechanical properties of cold drawn tubes.