Sort by:
Publication Type:
Open access:
Publication Date:
Periodicals:
Search results
Online since: February 2007
Authors: Pei Yun Liao, Jenq Gong Duh
The grain
shape of LiNi0.6Co0.4-xMnxO2 is polyhedron and the edges of the particles become rather sharp.
In addition, the grains begin to coalesce such that the average particle size increases from 0.5 µm to 2 µm.
The critical growth temperature tends to increase with increasing Mn content. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 discharge capacity (mAh/g) cycle number 910 oC 920 oC 930 oC 940 oC Fig. 5.
Specific discharge capacities of LiNi0.6Co0.4-xMnxO2 calcined at 910-940 ℃ for 15 hr cycled at the 0.2C rate in voltages of 3-4.3 V at room temperature. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 discharge capacity (mAh/g) cycle number 900 oC 910 oC 920 oC Fig. 6.
Figure 5 shows the discharge capacities as a function of cycle numbers for LiNi0.6Co0.4-xMnxO2 calcined at 910-940 o C operated in voltages of 3-4.3 V.
In addition, the grains begin to coalesce such that the average particle size increases from 0.5 µm to 2 µm.
The critical growth temperature tends to increase with increasing Mn content. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 discharge capacity (mAh/g) cycle number 910 oC 920 oC 930 oC 940 oC Fig. 5.
Specific discharge capacities of LiNi0.6Co0.4-xMnxO2 calcined at 910-940 ℃ for 15 hr cycled at the 0.2C rate in voltages of 3-4.3 V at room temperature. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 discharge capacity (mAh/g) cycle number 900 oC 910 oC 920 oC Fig. 6.
Figure 5 shows the discharge capacities as a function of cycle numbers for LiNi0.6Co0.4-xMnxO2 calcined at 910-940 o C operated in voltages of 3-4.3 V.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Marina V. Ahieieva, Alexander D. Razmyshlyaev
It should be noted that the given list of publications reflects only a small part of a huge number of works in which ideas about the crystallization of metals and alloys in the field of foundry and metallurgical industries are expressed.
It is generally accepted that as the temperature of the liquid metal rises, the number of clusters increases and their sizes decrease [13, 14].
This makes it possible, in particular, to explain the fact that if the casting cools quickly, then there is not enough time for the coalescence of neighboring crystals (clusters, nanostructures), and a fine-grained primary structure is observed in the castings.
It was found in works [8-11, 13, 14] that overheating of a liquid metal in it increases the number of clusters, and their sizes decrease.
Under the action of the electromagnetic forces of the TMF, the liquid metal periodically (forcibly) moves to the tail part of the bath, supplying smaller clusters there, and this ensures the formation of smaller grains during crystallization in the bead surfaced with the TMF action.
It is generally accepted that as the temperature of the liquid metal rises, the number of clusters increases and their sizes decrease [13, 14].
This makes it possible, in particular, to explain the fact that if the casting cools quickly, then there is not enough time for the coalescence of neighboring crystals (clusters, nanostructures), and a fine-grained primary structure is observed in the castings.
It was found in works [8-11, 13, 14] that overheating of a liquid metal in it increases the number of clusters, and their sizes decrease.
Under the action of the electromagnetic forces of the TMF, the liquid metal periodically (forcibly) moves to the tail part of the bath, supplying smaller clusters there, and this ensures the formation of smaller grains during crystallization in the bead surfaced with the TMF action.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Alexander M. Glezer, M.A. Libman, E.V. Pimenov, Elena N. Blinova
These samples were subjected to deformation at room temperature for a certain number of complete revolutions of the movable anvil N = 1, 2, 3 under a hydrostatic pressure of P = 6 GPa and a rotation speed of 1 rpm of the movable striker.
Results Table 1 shows the results of measurements of microhardness and yield point of an alloy deformed in the Bridgman anvils depending on the number of complete revolutions of anvil N for two initial states, the structure of which corresponds to the γ-phase (hot-deformed samples) and the α-phase obtained as a result of cold rolling with 70 % compression.
In the initial state, the alloy is single-phase, with a grain size of the γ-phase of more than 10 μm, a high density of dislocations is observed inside the grains, in addition, several thin twins were found in the structure of the γ-phase, apparently of deformation origin.
It can be assumed that the differences in the values of the yield stress depending on the number of turns of the anvil are associated with the ratio of the volume fractions of the deformed and polygonized regions.
Results Table 1 shows the results of measurements of microhardness and yield point of an alloy deformed in the Bridgman anvils depending on the number of complete revolutions of anvil N for two initial states, the structure of which corresponds to the γ-phase (hot-deformed samples) and the α-phase obtained as a result of cold rolling with 70 % compression.
In the initial state, the alloy is single-phase, with a grain size of the γ-phase of more than 10 μm, a high density of dislocations is observed inside the grains, in addition, several thin twins were found in the structure of the γ-phase, apparently of deformation origin.
It can be assumed that the differences in the values of the yield stress depending on the number of turns of the anvil are associated with the ratio of the volume fractions of the deformed and polygonized regions.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Jin Tong, Yuan Chang, Qing Zhu Zhang, Dong Hui Chen, Hong Chang Wang
Pure live seed germination, plant stand, and grain yield were greater if the soil was packed compared with non-packed for the surface seeded treatment.
Johnston et al. [6] discovered that a packing pressure of 333 N per press wheel provided adequate germination and grain yield across varied environmental conditions.
The reason for adhesion reduction of the biomimetic press rollers was that the contact area between soil and press roller was decreased. 3.3 Effects of the number of ridges on rolling resistance and soil adhesion The effects of the number of ridges on roller were investigated for sample No. 1 (smooth), No. 7 (the number of 6), No. 8 (the number of 12) and No. 9 (the number of 18).
Fig. 13 Effects of the number of ridges on soil adhesion.
No.8 (the number of 12) showed the lowest resistance in this group.
Johnston et al. [6] discovered that a packing pressure of 333 N per press wheel provided adequate germination and grain yield across varied environmental conditions.
The reason for adhesion reduction of the biomimetic press rollers was that the contact area between soil and press roller was decreased. 3.3 Effects of the number of ridges on rolling resistance and soil adhesion The effects of the number of ridges on roller were investigated for sample No. 1 (smooth), No. 7 (the number of 6), No. 8 (the number of 12) and No. 9 (the number of 18).
Fig. 13 Effects of the number of ridges on soil adhesion.
No.8 (the number of 12) showed the lowest resistance in this group.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Yi Zhang, Gang Wang
means the number test coverage when execute the module ,the Eq.(2) can be showed as: ,which is :
(2)
is the weight (priority factor) of the test coverage of number when execute module : ,,the higher the priority factor, the bigger the , and priority is given to execute its test coverage.
Satisfaction of integration test coverage () In order to express the satisfaction of integration test coverage after number test case is executed, the satisfaction of integration test coverage is designated as Eq. (6): (6) And,is the expected value number of test coverage for moduleafter number test case is executed.
The test efficiency of integration test coverage () At present, the usual method to measure the test efficiency is to detect the number of flaws.
According to Jin-xia An, we can combine the average rate of growth with the increased number of flaws to measure the test efficiency, and it can be expressed by a pair value, just as Eq.(7): (7) Here, is the average growth rate of a number of m test coverage, that is: , refers to the time used to execute a continuous test cases from executing number test case; and is the test coverage variation of number used to execute a continuous test case from executing number test case.is the increased number of detected flaws during executing a continuous test cases:.
The research followed will focus on the test coverage measure indexes, and will emphasize more fine-grain decision attributes of integration test coverage, so as to improve the rationality of the decision-supporting, give scientific and safety guidance for the software’s test process.
Satisfaction of integration test coverage () In order to express the satisfaction of integration test coverage after number test case is executed, the satisfaction of integration test coverage is designated as Eq. (6): (6) And,is the expected value number of test coverage for moduleafter number test case is executed.
The test efficiency of integration test coverage () At present, the usual method to measure the test efficiency is to detect the number of flaws.
According to Jin-xia An, we can combine the average rate of growth with the increased number of flaws to measure the test efficiency, and it can be expressed by a pair value, just as Eq.(7): (7) Here, is the average growth rate of a number of m test coverage, that is: , refers to the time used to execute a continuous test cases from executing number test case; and is the test coverage variation of number used to execute a continuous test case from executing number test case.is the increased number of detected flaws during executing a continuous test cases:.
The research followed will focus on the test coverage measure indexes, and will emphasize more fine-grain decision attributes of integration test coverage, so as to improve the rationality of the decision-supporting, give scientific and safety guidance for the software’s test process.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Sarah Jurak, Christian A. Widener, Dwight A. Burford
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a complex thermo-mechanical process which produces
wrought microstructure with microstructural gradients in grain size, grain orientation, dislocation
density, and precipitate distribution.
In Al 2024, GP zones quickly form at room temperature, causing a rapid increase in hardness, until the number of zones eventually approaches a maximum number at around 100-hours of natural aging.
In Al 2024, GP zones quickly form at room temperature, causing a rapid increase in hardness, until the number of zones eventually approaches a maximum number at around 100-hours of natural aging.
Online since: September 2024
Authors: Lorenzo Donati, Riccardo Pelaccia, Sara Di Donato, Barbara Reggiani, Marco Negozio
The microstructure of profile 1 exhibits a fibrous grain structure with a thin PCG layer on the internal and external surfaces.
Measurements of grain sizes and PCG layers thicknesses are detailed in Tab. 8.
Results of the PCG layer and grain size evaluation.
Tab. 8 displays the values of recrystallized thickness in the analyzed cases, along with the corresponding range of grain sizes.
Funding National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 04 Component 2 Investment 1.5–NextGenerationEU, Call for tender n.3277 dated 30/12/2021 (Award Number: 0001052 dated 23/06/2022).
Measurements of grain sizes and PCG layers thicknesses are detailed in Tab. 8.
Results of the PCG layer and grain size evaluation.
Tab. 8 displays the values of recrystallized thickness in the analyzed cases, along with the corresponding range of grain sizes.
Funding National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 04 Component 2 Investment 1.5–NextGenerationEU, Call for tender n.3277 dated 30/12/2021 (Award Number: 0001052 dated 23/06/2022).
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Hui Huang, Yong Ping Gan, Wen Kui Zhang, Xin Yong Tao, Bin Zhao, Yang Xia, Hui Juan Zeng, Ling Chao Qian
There are larger numbers of pores on the surface of FePO4·3H2O microspheres, which are important to synthesize high performance LiFePO4 cathode materials for the application of lithium ion battery.
Additionally, each of the micro-sphere particles is made up of a large number of small grains, as shown in Fig.3 (b) and (d).
The voltage difference between the charge and discharge plateaus has tiny increase with the cycle number increasing, indicating that the sample has low polarization and good electronic conductivity.
The synthesized porous micro-spherical FePO4·3H2O and LFP/C are composed of abundant grains.
The amorphous spherical FePO4·3H2O particles with larger numbers of pores on the surface will be favorable for the production of LFP/C, which retained the morphology of FePO4·3H2O precursor.
Additionally, each of the micro-sphere particles is made up of a large number of small grains, as shown in Fig.3 (b) and (d).
The voltage difference between the charge and discharge plateaus has tiny increase with the cycle number increasing, indicating that the sample has low polarization and good electronic conductivity.
The synthesized porous micro-spherical FePO4·3H2O and LFP/C are composed of abundant grains.
The amorphous spherical FePO4·3H2O particles with larger numbers of pores on the surface will be favorable for the production of LFP/C, which retained the morphology of FePO4·3H2O precursor.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Zhi Yong Yang, Zhi Qiang Li, Yue Chen, Jian Min Han
After amount of braking and cooling, the number of the thermoplastic shear band in the regions became more and more, at the same time, the microstructure of the regions which the thermoplastic shear bands gathered in was changed.
Because the strength of materials was lower at the high temperature than the room temperature, from the microscopic perspective, the fatigue cracks would propagate along the grain boundaries, so they were like polylines.
Secondly, fatigue cracks were grain boundary cracks in nature, which were due to the inner stresses at the edges of the high temperature regions on the friction surfaces and were propagated along the grain boundaries under the radial and circumferential stresses.
Because the strength of materials was lower at the high temperature than the room temperature, from the microscopic perspective, the fatigue cracks would propagate along the grain boundaries, so they were like polylines.
Secondly, fatigue cracks were grain boundary cracks in nature, which were due to the inner stresses at the edges of the high temperature regions on the friction surfaces and were propagated along the grain boundaries under the radial and circumferential stresses.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Jiang Lei
Previous results indicated the positive correlation between oxidation rate of sulfide mineral and dissolved oxygen, concentration of ferric, and the number of bacteria on surface of sulfide minerals[4], and further established the rate equation of bio-oxidation on sulfide minerals.
The mineral grains were marinated in distilled ethanol for two hours and then rinsed twice with deionized water, and dried in a vacuum drying incubator at 40℃.
As shown in Fig. 3A, with 15-days-bio-oxidation of pyrrhotite, some film-like substances exist among the mineral grains.
The thickness of such substances is about 2-5 um, representing the film falling off the grain surface (Fig. 3B).
The mineral grains were marinated in distilled ethanol for two hours and then rinsed twice with deionized water, and dried in a vacuum drying incubator at 40℃.
As shown in Fig. 3A, with 15-days-bio-oxidation of pyrrhotite, some film-like substances exist among the mineral grains.
The thickness of such substances is about 2-5 um, representing the film falling off the grain surface (Fig. 3B).