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Solubility, hydrophobicity, physico-chemical properties and biological characteristics of polysaccharides can be improved by their modification – by the interaction of amino -, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups with active compounds, grafting of vinyl monomers, oxidative reactions, and / or hydrolytic decomposition [6-9].
Grafting of synthetic polymers onto natural macromolecules opens up unlimited possibilities for the synthesis of new functional compounds with a given complex of physical-mechanical properties which significantly expands their application areas [10-15].
The aim of the research was the synthesis of hydrogels based on copolymers of chitosan (sodium alginate) with acrylamide and acrylic acid, investigation of their physical-mechanical properties and the shape memory effect.
Vediappan, Subramanian Synthesis and evaluation of chitosan-graft-poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-itaconic acid) as a drug carrier for controlled release of tramadol hydrochloride, Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 20 (2012) 263–271
Sanlı, Sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) alloy membranes for the pervaporation, vapour permeation and vapour permeation with temperature difference separation of dimethylformamide/water mixtures: A comparative study, Vacuum 84 (2010) 1092–1102

This alloy steel can be heat treated to increase the service life and dimensional accuracy of the die and tooling.
Main aim of the current investigation was to formulate an optimum heat treatment strategy for H11 steel, especially for hot work applications.
Introduction Tool steels used in machining and metal forming operations are generally high-alloy steels.
Especially selected alloying elements ensure high levels of strength, toughness, and hardness, making these steels suitable for dies and cutting tools [1].
AK, Qamar SZ and al-Fuhaid KM (2003), A Study of Die Failure Mechanisms in Aluminum Extrusion, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 134 (3), March 2003, p 318-328

Modern copper-alloyed zinc sulfide -based industrial luminophors are one of the most efficient in the blue-green region of the spectrum.
Because of the complex superposition of the magnetic resonance lines of Mn+2 ions in different microenvironments and their insufficient resolution in X-range, it was not our aim to estimate the parameters of spin–Hamiltonian the way it was done in [13].
Belyaev, Luminescence of ZnS:Cu particles modified by shungite nanocarbon, Journal of optical technology. 84 (2017) 49
Vlaicu, Distribution and interaction of Mn2+ ions incorporated in cubic ZnS quantum dots over a broad concentration range, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 662 (2016) pp. 193-199
Rozhkova, Aggregation and stabilization of shungite carbon nanoparticles, Russian Journal of General Chemistry.

Dendritic susceptibility and roughness of solder would be different with that of the solder alloys [11].
The alloys were prepared starting from pure elements. 1 Experimental 1.1 Instrumental /Materials and Sample Preparation Germanium 99.9999 mass% purity (supplied by Beijing Mountain Technical Development center) was used as starting materials.
The solder alloys used in this investigation were cold rolled to columns with Φ1cm×1.5cm.
Tadic, Microelectronics Journal 30, 887 (1999) [18] P.
Chi, Effect of adding Ge on rapid whisker growth of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-0.5Ge alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 480, 2009: 974-980

Intelligent control strategy is mainly aiming at the objective or process with uncertainty.
Chen, ‘Visual sensing and penetration control in aluminum alloy pulsed GTAW’, J. of Adv.
Chen, J.J Wang, ‘Rough set based knowledge modeling for the aluminum alloy pulsed GTAW process’, Int.
Lin, S.B Chen, ‘Obtaining of weld pool vision information during aluminum alloy TIG welding’, Int.
Chen, ‘On intelligentized technologies for modern welding manufacturing,’ Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering’, Chinese J. of Mech.

Novel processing methods for ceramic powder sintering, including Y-TZP, aim to reduce processing times and production costs significantly, while maintaining or even improving the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties of the material.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 65 (1982) 242–246
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 494 (2010) 175-189
Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1 (1982) 13-16
International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 10 (2013) 313-320

This procedure’s aim is to accelerate degradation process since the actual process generally develops at a very slow rate under common operating condition [17].
Journal of Applied Physics. 52 (1981) 4104-4111
Journal of Applied Physics. 77 (1995) 4795-4800
Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 560 (2013) 181-188
Journal of Rare Earths. 30 (2012) 1028-1033

The aim of this study is to explore the option of codoped ZnO nanoparticles as photocatalyst in degradation of congo red (CR) used as a model of organic pollutant under UV light irradiation.
Dutta, Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes with manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles, Journal of Hazardous Materials 156 (2008)194-200
Prakoso, The correlation between magnetic and structural properties of nanocrystalline transition metal-doped ZnO particles prepared by the co-precipitation method, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 546 (2013) 48–56
Yu, Trapping of Ce Electrons in Band Gap and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism of Ce4+ Doped ZnO Nanowires, Journal of Applied Physics 106 (2009) 83515
Navío, Photocatalytic properties of iron-doped titania semiconductors, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 98 (1996) 171-181

Here are chemical reaction deposition (oxidation, sulphurising, phosphatization, lubricant hardened clothing, deposition out of gas phase); steam deposition (thermical vaporization of refractory compounds, reactive bombardment of a cathode), direct electron-beam evaporation, reactive electron-beam evaporation, electron-chemical evaporation); electrodeposition (chromizing, nickel-plating, electrophoresis, nickel-phosphatization, borating, bromine-chromazing, chrome-phosphatization); wear-resistat compounds spraying (plasma sprying of powder matherial, detonation spraying, arc spraying, laser spraying, whirl psraying, inductive burning of powder materials). 2 – with surface layer composition changing.
Guagliano, Review of Shot Peening Processes to obtain Nanocrystalline Surfaces in Metal Alloys, Surf Eng. 25 (2009) 3-14.
Lee, Surface Hardening of Aluminum Alloy by Shot Peening Treatment with Zn Based Ball, Mater Sci Eng A. 543 (2012) 44-49.
Liu, Microstructure and Properties of A2017 Alloy Strips Processed by a Novel Process by Combining Semisolid Rolling, Deep rolling, and Heat Treatment, Int.
Dorokhov, I.M Gryadunov, The volumetric surface hardening of hollow axisymmetric parts by roll stamping method, Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 50 (2015) 104-112

Our study also aims at how the two-dimensional electron gas density depends on the aluminum molar percentage and AlGaN layer thickness.
III-Nitride (GaN, AlN, etc.) wide band-gap semiconductor compounds are of fundamental interest for high frequency, high temperature power electronics applications [2-4].
The principal aim of this paper is to exhibit an expanded model of threshold-voltage devoted to obtaining the current-voltage characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.
Journal of Applied Physics, 106 (5) (2009) 054511
Mishra, “Polarization effects in AlGa /Ga and Ga /AlGa /Ga heterostructures” Journal of Applied Physics, 93 (2003) 10114