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Introduction For a spur gear drive, one of the key factors affecting its gearing property is the tooth profile [1].
Ai, Study of generation of specific gear and simulation of machining process, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 39(1)(2003)143-147(In Chinese)
Long, Double involute gear with ladder-shape Teeth, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 31(6)(1995)47-52(In Chinese)
Liu, et al, The constructing principle and characteristic of tooth profiles with micro-segments, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 33(5)(1997)7-11(In Chinese)

Coating properties show improvement with addition of less than 3wt% clay content.
Clay has been conventionally more popular in providing thixotropic properties [1,2].
Table 1: Sample codes, TEM and SEM particle sizes, and PUC coatings properties.
Factors such as dilution of clay with respect to amount of polyurethane, peak broadening and preferred orientation of nanoclays make XRD characterization of polymer nanocomposites susceptible to errors [5,13].
Advani, Processing and Properties of Nanocomposites, first ed, World Scientific, Singapore, 2007

Among many properties, the strength and formability of AA6xxx are the most critical for automotive skin applications.
The developed thermomechanical processing significantly affect the texture components, and further affect the r and Δr values.
Among these factors, it is generally believed that when l/d>5 and draught >50%, or l/d<1, the shear texture will be produced in pure aluminum [16].
However, other factors will give a significant influence on the critical lc/d which can result in the formation of shear texture.
Because the same lubricant and rolls were used in the thermomechanical processing, only rolling geometry factor and draught affect the change of texture components.

Addition of ingredients in the dielectric fluid improves the properties of fluid for better machining of the samples.
Even though ceramic materials possess good electrical, mechanical and thermal properties, the spark control during erosion is a cumbersome process.
Signal to Noise (SN) ratio gives the impact information of factors considered in this study with the additional factors available in the environment, which may also influence the experiment.
Table 5. shows the linear model analysis results with SN ratios varying over its input factors.
Mean of SN ratios over the input factors at various levels for MRR The following fig. 5. shows the influence of major process parameter (dielectric medium) with other factors considered for measuring the machining time.

Introduction Oleogel is a promising alternative for the food industry in the future in order to reduce even eliminate the trans fats in food products as well as keep the physical properties of solid fats[1].
One of problem is lack the understanding of the changes of oleogel’s structure and properties over time and temperature, which is critical to the control of its deterioration during storage process.
Oleogel is non-newtonian fluid, therefore, rheological characteristics of oleogel are important in addition to chemical and physical properties for the storage process.
Methods The rheological properties of the oleogel were studied using controlled-stress rheometer (RheoStress 600, Haake, Karlsruhe, Germany), equipped with a cone sensor (C35/1° Ti; 35 mm diameter, 1° angle).
Storage temperature, storage time and organogelators composition are critical factors to the apparent viscosity of oleogel.

Design for cost (DFC)means to reduce costs as much as possible in the premise of meeting user needs, and modify parts of the high cost by analyzing and studying design, manufacture, assembly, detection, sale, use, maintenance, recycling and retirement and other cost factors in the full product life cycle, ultimately reduce costs.
DFC technology can be used early in the design phase to consider product performance, quality, manufacturability, assembly, product service and price and other factors, and optimize the product design or redesign.
Green Design (GD) is a new design technology integrated with product features, quality, life and the environment [5].In the design phase, environmental factors and measures to prevent pollution will be incorporated into product designs, in order to make maximal use of resources and energy, reduce or eliminate the negative impact on the environment.
As the traction components, wire rope is one of the consumables which require frequent replacement in the endless rope winch, its service life will affect the cost and safety of coal production directly, must be given adequate attention.
For example, gear pair in the gearbox could try to use the same material on the premise of meeting the strength requirements, by using different methods of heat treatment to obtain the required material properties, so as to facilitate recycling.

Introduction Recently, there have been increasing interests in developing bulk metallic glasses (BMG) with great glass-forming ability (GFA) owing to the unique properties different from that of conventional materials and the potential engineering applications [1-3].
The modified coefficient k leads to a changeable proportion between the two factors and results in a variable GFA.
The indicator γ shows great correlations with some representative glass systems, which reveals the tendency of GFA parameters (Tx, Tg and Tl) affecting GFA.
Otherwise, γ is obtained based on the theoretical analysis with emphasis on the trends without considering the proper proportion between two factors Tg/Tx and Tl/Tx.
In other words, the factors, such as the viscosity, the fusion entropy and the activation energy of the supercooled liquid, give an elevated contribution to GFA.

Tel: +6023476935 / +60129500154 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia. 3Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia Nooririnah@utem.edu.my, Khalil@utem.edu.my, aludin@utem.edu.my, rohana_abdullah@utem.edu.my, rzuraida@uthm.edu.my Keywords: Cold spray; Aviation; Corrosion; Tooling; Bulk structure Abstract.
This paper is an outcome to discuss Cold spray process as potential repair technique which is widely acclaimed for its ability to perfom a bonding with the underlying material without the creation of heat affected zones which are typical of other deposition processes (thermal spray) and are undesirable in many structural applications.
Cold spray can provided environmental friendly solution to thick deposit for dimensional restoration or tooling repair without creation heat affected zone.There is no application yet of this repair technology in Malaysia and on top of that,re-use of material will contribute to cost saving and in-haze the environmet.
This coating usually have coating properties, bond strength more than 6000psi, deposition efficiency up to14%,hardness range (Brinnel) will be 40-42 and porosity less than 0.5%.
[3] Papyrin A., Kosarev V., Klinkov KV, Alkimov A., and Fomin V, Cold Spray Technology, Elsevier, Oxford, (2007) [4] Maintenance Manual Helicopter, Main Rotor Blades,HTCM-001 [5] O.Nooririnah, A.Rohana,H.N.Nazrul , M.Suhana, Supersonic particle deposition apotential corrosion treatment method forhelicopter part in Malaysia, International Journal of Advanced Research In Engineering &Technology, IJARET,Volume 3,Issue 2 (July-December 2012).ISSN 09766480, Impact Factor 2.7078calculated by GISI

It is not necessary to prepare a number of electrodes, and machined shapes can be easily estimated according to the movement path and shape of the electrode. [1] Electrochemical machining requires consideration of multiple factors, including electrochemistry, electrical fields, flow field and machine characteristics.
The high cost of electrochemical machining equipment affects capacity utilization.
Properties of ECM systems.
Several factors should be considered to avoid problems arising from specialized working conditions.
Properties of RMS.

However, conductivity less than 6 S/cm was achieved although the bipolar plate had excellent gas barrier properties and mechanical properties.
Selection of Control Factors.
Research parameters as the control factors mainly affect the output of the objective or the electrical conductivity value.
For every combination of control factors, three measurements were performed.
Effect of control factors Analysis of Variance.