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Online since: March 2008
Authors: N.A. de Sánchez, Héctor Enrique Jaramillo Suárez (1), Z. Vivas, W. Aperador, C. Amaya, J.C. Caicedo
AFM analysis yielded data on coating surface roughness.
The CrN/ZrN bilayers were subjected to the slide wear test through the Pin on Disk technique; initial data taken prior to test execution are given in Table 2.
These data were added to the system's software prior to beginning the corrosion test.
Data on resistance of Randle's circuit.
For coatings with one bilayer, the friction coefficient value was higher than that found in coatings with 15 and 30 bilayers, obtaining a 38% reduction for said coefficient.
The CrN/ZrN bilayers were subjected to the slide wear test through the Pin on Disk technique; initial data taken prior to test execution are given in Table 2.
These data were added to the system's software prior to beginning the corrosion test.
Data on resistance of Randle's circuit.
For coatings with one bilayer, the friction coefficient value was higher than that found in coatings with 15 and 30 bilayers, obtaining a 38% reduction for said coefficient.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Zhi Qiang Chen, Jian Wen, Zheng Fang, Wen Yong Tu, Li Xiao
The data for A and B groups showed that MNPs co-culturing were not affected cells proliferation compared to control and sham control cells groups (P>0.05).
Table1 Two diameters MNPs co-culturing with cells DNA cycle distribution Culture time (h) 0 24 48 72 Control group(%) G0/G1 37.35±3.7 37.28±4.2 37.32±3.5 37.68±5.2 S 48.15±4.9 47.87±5.2 47.98±5.7 48.26±6.4 G2/M 14.50±3.2 14.85±6.1 14.70±4.5 14.06±3.7 40nm MNPs(%) G0/G1 36.89±3.2 37.15±3.8 37.24±2.6 36.65±3.4* S 48.46±6.5 48.34±4.7 48.54±5.4 48.73±2.4 G2/M 14.65±4.8 14.51±5.2 14.22±3.1 14.42±4.8 80nm MNPs(%) G0/G1 38.29±3.8 38.47±4.3 38.36±6.2 38.57±4.2** S 47.27±2.6 47.36±4.0 47.15±3.8 47.13±2.1 G2/M 14.45±4.2 14.17±3.1 14.41±2.7 14.30±5.7 Note: data were statistic analyzed by F statistic methods, n=6, and P<0.05 were thought significant difference existing, * without significant difference existing (P>0.05).
Table3 Cells early apoptosis co-cultured with MNPs Co-culturing time (h) 0 24 48 72 Control group(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.04 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.04 0.01±0.02 Necrosis 0.32±0.17 2.98±0.56 5.46±0.74 8.23±0.49 40nm Fe3O4(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.02 0.01±0.05 0.01±0.03* Necrosis 0.78±0.45 3.54±0.31 5.85±1.23 8.56±0.45 80nm Fe3O4(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.02 0.03±0.01 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.04** Necrosis 0.58±0.34 3.12±0.44 5.56±0.99 8.47±0.78 Note: data were statistic analyzed by F statistic methods, n=6, and P<0.05 were thought significant difference existing, * without significant difference existing (P>0.05).
The reduction of cells groups treated by the combined method with MNPs in diameters of 40nm and 80nm were 4.2% and 7.3%, respectively.
Meanwhile, the presence of MNPs strengthened the reduction of cells cation exchange current; consequently, more cells were induced into early apoptosis.The reduction of the cells group treated by 40nm MNPs combined with ELFF was significantly higher than those by 80nm MNPs combined with ELFF(P<0.05).
Table1 Two diameters MNPs co-culturing with cells DNA cycle distribution Culture time (h) 0 24 48 72 Control group(%) G0/G1 37.35±3.7 37.28±4.2 37.32±3.5 37.68±5.2 S 48.15±4.9 47.87±5.2 47.98±5.7 48.26±6.4 G2/M 14.50±3.2 14.85±6.1 14.70±4.5 14.06±3.7 40nm MNPs(%) G0/G1 36.89±3.2 37.15±3.8 37.24±2.6 36.65±3.4* S 48.46±6.5 48.34±4.7 48.54±5.4 48.73±2.4 G2/M 14.65±4.8 14.51±5.2 14.22±3.1 14.42±4.8 80nm MNPs(%) G0/G1 38.29±3.8 38.47±4.3 38.36±6.2 38.57±4.2** S 47.27±2.6 47.36±4.0 47.15±3.8 47.13±2.1 G2/M 14.45±4.2 14.17±3.1 14.41±2.7 14.30±5.7 Note: data were statistic analyzed by F statistic methods, n=6, and P<0.05 were thought significant difference existing, * without significant difference existing (P>0.05).
Table3 Cells early apoptosis co-cultured with MNPs Co-culturing time (h) 0 24 48 72 Control group(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.04 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.04 0.01±0.02 Necrosis 0.32±0.17 2.98±0.56 5.46±0.74 8.23±0.49 40nm Fe3O4(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.02 0.01±0.05 0.01±0.03* Necrosis 0.78±0.45 3.54±0.31 5.85±1.23 8.56±0.45 80nm Fe3O4(%) Apoptosis 0.01±0.02 0.03±0.01 0.01±0.03 0.02±0.04** Necrosis 0.58±0.34 3.12±0.44 5.56±0.99 8.47±0.78 Note: data were statistic analyzed by F statistic methods, n=6, and P<0.05 were thought significant difference existing, * without significant difference existing (P>0.05).
The reduction of cells groups treated by the combined method with MNPs in diameters of 40nm and 80nm were 4.2% and 7.3%, respectively.
Meanwhile, the presence of MNPs strengthened the reduction of cells cation exchange current; consequently, more cells were induced into early apoptosis.The reduction of the cells group treated by 40nm MNPs combined with ELFF was significantly higher than those by 80nm MNPs combined with ELFF(P<0.05).
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Xi Jian Zheng, Hong Zhang, Jin Bao Zeng
Document 1 applied Zigbee technology to data transmission, the packet loss rate was increased with the reduction in the transmission cycle, and the transmission delay was up to 25ms.
Therefore, the real time of data transmission was relatively poor.
These all improved the accuracy and real time of data transmission [1]. 1 The Application of RFID Technology RFID is an automatic identification technology of obtaining relevant data of objects by the way of radio frequency (RF).
It is composed of three parts, namely RF tag, reader and data management system.
Besides, data storage of RF tags could provide the traceability for the causes of the accidents.
Therefore, the real time of data transmission was relatively poor.
These all improved the accuracy and real time of data transmission [1]. 1 The Application of RFID Technology RFID is an automatic identification technology of obtaining relevant data of objects by the way of radio frequency (RF).
It is composed of three parts, namely RF tag, reader and data management system.
Besides, data storage of RF tags could provide the traceability for the causes of the accidents.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Yonchanok Khaokaew, Tanapat Anusas-Amornkul, Koonlachat Meesublak
The LibSVM takes only the input data range between 0 and 1.
Therefore, the data should be transformed before feeding to the application.
Step 1: divide the data into pieces with a fixed window size Step 2: choose the position for projection Step 3: create buckets for keeping pieces of data Step 4: put each piece of data into a bucket that matches with the bucket labels Step 5: repeat Step 2 to Step 4 until the end of data Step 6: transform data using Equation 1 Data in [0, 1] format = number of detected anomaly projections / number of all projections (1) Once the feature selection and data transformation are performed, the selected features are fed into LibSVM in order to find the percentage of the outcome that matches to the attack labels. 4.
This dataset contains both normal data traffic and 22 attack type.
Accuracy rate = (number of correctly detected data) / (number of test data) * 100 (2) C.
Therefore, the data should be transformed before feeding to the application.
Step 1: divide the data into pieces with a fixed window size Step 2: choose the position for projection Step 3: create buckets for keeping pieces of data Step 4: put each piece of data into a bucket that matches with the bucket labels Step 5: repeat Step 2 to Step 4 until the end of data Step 6: transform data using Equation 1 Data in [0, 1] format = number of detected anomaly projections / number of all projections (1) Once the feature selection and data transformation are performed, the selected features are fed into LibSVM in order to find the percentage of the outcome that matches to the attack labels. 4.
This dataset contains both normal data traffic and 22 attack type.
Accuracy rate = (number of correctly detected data) / (number of test data) * 100 (2) C.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: An Xu, Zhi Xing Xiao
As shown in panel estimation of 30 provinces’ data in China, urban industry and building and transportation have positive effect on carbon emissions, industry the biggest, and building and transportation also significant.
Traffic including different modes of transportation and different displacement of transportation tools such as highway, railway, aviation and waterway transportation, and cargo and passenger, it is difficult to collect and process data, this paper make simple processing, so this paper simplifies to choose transportation line length as explained variable of transportation, Which sums up line length of all kinds of traffics such as railway, highway, highway, waterway, civil aviation routes and pipeline oil mileage.Model is as follows: (1) is urban total carbon emissions (energy consumption) of province in years, is value added of industry of province in years, is urban buildings area of province in years,, is transportation line length of province in years, is error, andandare respectively flexibility coefficients of urban carbon emissions (energy consumption) to second industry output value added and urban buildings area and transportation
Data of value added of industry and transportation line length and urban buildings area comes from 1996-2009 China statistical yearbooks.
Result Based on the model (1), using panel data of 30 provinces in China, this paper makes least squares estimation.
Secondly, too rapid growth of urban energy consumption and carbon emissions will threaten China's sustainable development of urbanization and industrialization, so we need to accelerate industrial areas of energy conservation and emission reductions, and realize low-carbon development in building and transportation.
Traffic including different modes of transportation and different displacement of transportation tools such as highway, railway, aviation and waterway transportation, and cargo and passenger, it is difficult to collect and process data, this paper make simple processing, so this paper simplifies to choose transportation line length as explained variable of transportation, Which sums up line length of all kinds of traffics such as railway, highway, highway, waterway, civil aviation routes and pipeline oil mileage.Model is as follows: (1) is urban total carbon emissions (energy consumption) of province in years, is value added of industry of province in years, is urban buildings area of province in years,, is transportation line length of province in years, is error, andandare respectively flexibility coefficients of urban carbon emissions (energy consumption) to second industry output value added and urban buildings area and transportation
Data of value added of industry and transportation line length and urban buildings area comes from 1996-2009 China statistical yearbooks.
Result Based on the model (1), using panel data of 30 provinces in China, this paper makes least squares estimation.
Secondly, too rapid growth of urban energy consumption and carbon emissions will threaten China's sustainable development of urbanization and industrialization, so we need to accelerate industrial areas of energy conservation and emission reductions, and realize low-carbon development in building and transportation.
Online since: April 2011
Authors: Ana Karina Cuentas-Gallegos, Abraham Zamudio-Flores, Montse Casas-Cabanas
This electrocatalytic effect is detected normally by the reduction current increase (Ired) and the oxidation current decrease (Iox) of the typical polyoxometalates redox processes.
A DMAX RigaKu 2200 diffractometer with a graphite secondary monochromator is used to obtain data regarding the NHM crystalline nature.
Nevertheless, the presence of such nanoparticles is confirmed, in good agreement with XRD data, and the typical vibrational modes of the SiW12 Keggin structure (979 cm-1 for Si-O, 923 cm-1 for W=O, 877 cm-1 from W-O vertex, and 778cm-1 from W-O edge) are marked with an asterisk for MH3 with some shifts suggesting the interaction with the NTS matrix [40].
However, as shown in figures 4b) and 4c, in sample MH4 and especially in sample MH5 the dispersion is suppressed and the nanoparticles agglomerate although the size of the nanoparticles is retained, in agreement with XRD data.
The main diffraction peaks of this oxide are detected between 2q = 22° and 29° (JCPDS data 32-1395, 33-1387, 20-1324, and 20-1323) as well as the main peak of the NTS matrix observed in Fig. 1, suggesting its nanoscale or amorphous nature making it hard to detect.
A DMAX RigaKu 2200 diffractometer with a graphite secondary monochromator is used to obtain data regarding the NHM crystalline nature.
Nevertheless, the presence of such nanoparticles is confirmed, in good agreement with XRD data, and the typical vibrational modes of the SiW12 Keggin structure (979 cm-1 for Si-O, 923 cm-1 for W=O, 877 cm-1 from W-O vertex, and 778cm-1 from W-O edge) are marked with an asterisk for MH3 with some shifts suggesting the interaction with the NTS matrix [40].
However, as shown in figures 4b) and 4c, in sample MH4 and especially in sample MH5 the dispersion is suppressed and the nanoparticles agglomerate although the size of the nanoparticles is retained, in agreement with XRD data.
The main diffraction peaks of this oxide are detected between 2q = 22° and 29° (JCPDS data 32-1395, 33-1387, 20-1324, and 20-1323) as well as the main peak of the NTS matrix observed in Fig. 1, suggesting its nanoscale or amorphous nature making it hard to detect.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Gang Liu
The theory is that delaminating a complex surface 3D digital model along the contour line, and forming a series of section 2D data, then doing plastic forming from the top to the bottom level by level and part by part according to the section 2D data.
Under the control of computer, the forming head mounted on a 3-axis joint linking CNC machine is moved to the top position of a model first and set a rolling reduction for the sheet metal, and then plastic deformation is done along the contour line of the first level (shown in Fig. 1).
When the surface of the first level is finished, the forming head will be set another rolling reduction and be moved along the next contour line, and then the surface of the second level will be done.
Fig. 16 Fig. 17 The specific data of machine tools automatic programming is below, but it’s too long to show all in this article, so a small part of program at beginning is cut out to show the data
Under the control of computer, the forming head mounted on a 3-axis joint linking CNC machine is moved to the top position of a model first and set a rolling reduction for the sheet metal, and then plastic deformation is done along the contour line of the first level (shown in Fig. 1).
When the surface of the first level is finished, the forming head will be set another rolling reduction and be moved along the next contour line, and then the surface of the second level will be done.
Fig. 16 Fig. 17 The specific data of machine tools automatic programming is below, but it’s too long to show all in this article, so a small part of program at beginning is cut out to show the data
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Janis Zicans, G. Japins, Remo Merijs Meri, T. Ivanova, R. Berzina, R. Maksimov
The results of creep of neat RPC and its composites are shown in Fig. 2, which are obtained by averaging the data of three parallel tests carried out under a constant tensile stress of 10 MPa.
2
3
1
Fig. 2.
The data obtained testify that addition of 10 wt. % of EVAc considerably increases creep of the investigated materials.
Dots — experimental data; lines — approximations according to Eqs. (1) and (2).
Corresponding creep data in these coordinates are shown in Fig. 3, from which one can conclude that the experimental points are really arranged along straight lines.
Decomposition of organic modifier in clays can lead to discoloration of polymers as well as reduction in modification efficiency, especially after multiple reprocessing steps, what is unavoidable during recycling.
The data obtained testify that addition of 10 wt. % of EVAc considerably increases creep of the investigated materials.
Dots — experimental data; lines — approximations according to Eqs. (1) and (2).
Corresponding creep data in these coordinates are shown in Fig. 3, from which one can conclude that the experimental points are really arranged along straight lines.
Decomposition of organic modifier in clays can lead to discoloration of polymers as well as reduction in modification efficiency, especially after multiple reprocessing steps, what is unavoidable during recycling.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Tammana Jayakumar, R. Sandhya, M.D. Mathew, Ellappan Rajendra Kumar, Vani Shankar, K. Mariappan
Recent developments in the fusion materials program are focused on adjusting the chemical composition to achieve low activation after irradiation as well as on the reduction of the shift of the ductile–brittle transition temperature after irradiation.
Up to now, published data on the fatigue properties of RAFM steels is relatively limited.
Comparison with international data depicted in Fig. 3(a) indicates that the LCF properties of indigenous RAFM steels are close to the international data.
(a) (b) Fig. 2 Comparison of cyclic stress response curves of RAFM steels with varying W and Ta contents tested at a constant strain rate (3×10-3 s-1) [11] (a) and comparison of fatigue life of RAFM steels with modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel at 823 K (550oC) (b) (a) (b) Fig. 3 Comparison of fatigue of Indian RAFM steels with international data [11] (a) and effect of tungsten and tantalum on cyclic stress-strain curves of RAFM steels at 823 K (550oC) and strain rate 3×10-3 s-1 (b).
Hence in the intermediate temperature range beyond 473 K to about 773 K (500oC), where oxidation effects are not predominant, life reduction with increasing temperature has been attributed to the effects of DSA.
Up to now, published data on the fatigue properties of RAFM steels is relatively limited.
Comparison with international data depicted in Fig. 3(a) indicates that the LCF properties of indigenous RAFM steels are close to the international data.
(a) (b) Fig. 2 Comparison of cyclic stress response curves of RAFM steels with varying W and Ta contents tested at a constant strain rate (3×10-3 s-1) [11] (a) and comparison of fatigue life of RAFM steels with modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel at 823 K (550oC) (b) (a) (b) Fig. 3 Comparison of fatigue of Indian RAFM steels with international data [11] (a) and effect of tungsten and tantalum on cyclic stress-strain curves of RAFM steels at 823 K (550oC) and strain rate 3×10-3 s-1 (b).
Hence in the intermediate temperature range beyond 473 K to about 773 K (500oC), where oxidation effects are not predominant, life reduction with increasing temperature has been attributed to the effects of DSA.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Rui Feng Jin, Jian Zeng, Hao Tang
Disaster reduction technologies based on digital information means of Binhai Industrial Park.
We use this technology to ensure the inherent risk index, social risk index and management measures risk indicator, mainly through a large number of experimental scene simulation and data statistical analysis, with a new risk assessment method-ARAMIS.
Monitoring and warning, the technology is the basis of risk assessment, by data information collection, arrangement and analysis.
In addition, we should integrate and make use of the monitoring and management information technology for the coastal zone industrial disasters sources, and research the fast forecast system of dangerous goods leakage, based on the GPS data transmission, GIS visualization technology, as well as perfect the decision support system of data processing and monitoring management for industrial disasters sources.
[3] Ruobo Wang, “Disaster Chain of Urban Land Subsidence in Tianjin,” Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research, Vol31 No1,pp. 54-60,Mar,2008(In Chinese)
We use this technology to ensure the inherent risk index, social risk index and management measures risk indicator, mainly through a large number of experimental scene simulation and data statistical analysis, with a new risk assessment method-ARAMIS.
Monitoring and warning, the technology is the basis of risk assessment, by data information collection, arrangement and analysis.
In addition, we should integrate and make use of the monitoring and management information technology for the coastal zone industrial disasters sources, and research the fast forecast system of dangerous goods leakage, based on the GPS data transmission, GIS visualization technology, as well as perfect the decision support system of data processing and monitoring management for industrial disasters sources.
[3] Ruobo Wang, “Disaster Chain of Urban Land Subsidence in Tianjin,” Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research, Vol31 No1,pp. 54-60,Mar,2008(In Chinese)