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Introduction Modification of the surfaces of technical materials is applied to change their surface properties.
Szymczyk, Application of high intensity pulsed ion and plasma beams in modification of materials, Vacuum 63 (2001) 475-581
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Wu, Microstructure and mechanical properties of 17-4PH steel plasma nitrocarburized with and without rare earths addition, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 210 (2010) 784-790
Qin, Existing Forms of Lanthanum in Purity Steels, Journal of Rare Earths 24 (1) Suppl. 1 (2006) 405-408

Introduction With the progress of technology and the development of the society, people increasingly focus on the development and application of new building materials.
(5)The material constitutive models are given as follows.
Yu: Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering, Vol. 28(2011), P. 207 (In Chinese) [6] B.H.
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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1162(1) (2021) 012009
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 128-129 (2017) 680–694
Journal of Applied Mechanics, 53(4) (1986) 925–928
Engineering and Technology Journal, 24(9), 1251–1261
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 13(7) (2018) 2647–2660

Main focus is on the application of tungsten and tungsten nitride coatings for functionally graded materials (FGM).
The state of the art application of these proceduresis the preparation of functionally graded materials (FGM).
Experimental Materials.
Four basic categories of materials were selected (1) Oxide ceramics (Al2O3 both from standard powder and nanometric powder, ZrO2), (2) Cermets (WC+Co), (3) Mixed ceramics (EUCOR), (4) Reference materials (pure tungsten, ORVAR tool steel).
Oztruk, Periodic cracking of Functionally graded coatings, International Journal of mechanical Science, 33(1995) 2179-2195

Materials and Product Technology. 54(2017) 212-235
Lin, Ge Liu, A new mathematical model for predicting flow stress of typical high-strength alloy steel at elevated high temperature, Computational Materials Science. 48(2010)54-58
[6] Yuanyuan Dong, Cunsheng Zhang, Xing Lu, Constitutive Equations and Flow Behavior of an As-Extruded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Under Large Strain Condition, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 25(6)2016-2267
Sivaprasad, Constitutive equations to predict high temperature flow stress in a Ti-modified austenitic stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering A. 500(2009)114-121
Kocks, Laws for Work-hardening and Low-temperature Creep, Journal of Engineering Materials Technology. 98(1976)76-85.

Material and methods Materials.
Mzyk: International Journal of Mineral Processing.
Fuerstenau: International Journal of Mineral Processing.
Barbaro: Journal of Minerals Engineering.
Chiruvolu: Journal of Physical Chemistry.

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The algorithm used multiple material ALE algorithms; this algorithm allows the same grid contains different materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (41202191), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M520079, 2013T60868), Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (20110205130001, 20120205120001) and Natural Science Foundation of Shannxi Province of China (2011JM7002).
JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING,2006,14:312~317.In Chinese
Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2008,6:676~680.In Chinese
Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2010,2:121~124.In Chinese

Material and methods 2.1 Materials N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), polyvinylpyrrolidone k90 (PVP-k90), polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 (PVP-k30), n-butyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol 400, glycerol, are of AR grade, purchased from China National Pharmaceutical Group chemical reagent Co., Ltd.; polyethersulfone (PES), purchased from Shanghai ShengYu trading Co., Ltd. 2.2.
P,Baker.R.W: Journal of Applied Polrmer science Vol. 15(2004), p. 811-828
H.L: Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 369 (2011), p.329-338
[3]Boom, Wienk, Boomcaard: Journal of Membrane Science Vol.141(1998),p.1-12
C, Jyh-J.S,Wayne.W.Y,Laua, M.P.Srinivasana, D.R.Paul: Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 152(1999) ,p.211-225.

Adhesion and Corrosion Resistance Properties of TiC/Ti(CN)/TiN Multilayer CVD Coatings on 42CrMo Steels Zhang Jin a ,Xue Qib ,Cheng Xiaoweic ,Zhang Chunmeid ,Li Songxia e school of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 P.R.China a jzhang@swpu.edu.cn, b qxue01@163.com, ccxw0261@sina.com, d zcm_331@163.com, e lisongxiay@163.com Keywords:TiC/Ti(CN)/TiN multilayer coatings;CVD;corrosion behavior;adhesion Abstract.
There are in general two ways of improving the corrosion resistance of the steels.One way is to use Ni,Cr alloy etc,having better corrosion resistance to supplanted classes of engineering materials.However, the high cost of the mental prohibits its widespread use[1] .The other is to enhance the surface properties of the steels.Most steel failures due to corrosion are known to be initiated at the surface.The advantage to the coatings is that the substrate can be optimized for properties.Different types of coatings have found different engineering application.Ti based hard coatings(TiN,TiC,Ti(CN)) obtained by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) are attractive materials due to its high hardness,good wear resistance,chemical stability [2] .
Experiment Substrate Material.
Acknowledgements The authors want to thank The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 program)(No.2007AA09Z202),and The Natural Science Foundation of SWPU(2007XJZ030) for financial supports to the work.
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