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Powder morphology The ceramic powder was characterized by spherical shape of grains with average grain size of 45±5mm; metallic powder with dendrite shape: 30±5mm . 90%316L+10%Al2O3 80%316L+20%Al2O3 60%316L+40%Al2O3 50%316L+50%Al2O3 Fig. 2.
Regardless of chemical composition of the materials used in the study, they are numbered among a group of hydrophilic materials.

Microstructural evolution at the joint interface after Friction Stir Welding revealed three different zones, namely; the Stir Zone (SZ) or Stir Nugget (SN), refers to the zone previously occupied by the tool pin characterised by recrystallized grains; the Thermo-Mechanically Affected Zone (TMAZ) characterised by plastically deformed grain and the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ), which lies closer to the parent material, the material in this zone has experienced a thermal cycle that has modified the microstructure and/or the mechanical properties [3].
Report number: ANM-112N-05-06 (2005).

Bi-material notch The model of a bi-material notch is suitable to simulate a number of construction points from which a failure is initiated.
For example, for the brittle fracture d relates to a grain size, while for the fatigue loading d can be chosen as the plastic zone size.
The length parameters entering into the calculations as averaging distances are connected with the plastic zone size (in case of fatigue) or with a grain size of material (in case of brittle fracture).

The interaction between the abrasive grains and the work is similar to that in an indentation test.
(13) The active abrasive is abrasive particle whose grain size is larger than gap distance of workpiece and lap plate.
The total number of the active abrasives � is expressed as ( )mD AD � m ' 3 max /1 6 ρρπ + =

The larger amount of PEG added to the precursor solution, the larger size and number of pores produced in the resultant films.
Fig. 1, XRD pattern of TiO2 thin films with different PEG molecular weight addition Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis of TiO2-PEG thin films: From the AFM images, a uniform agglomeration of well defined, small particles was observed and the grain was elongated along the direction of the substrate withdrawal from the solutions.
It was deduced that the equivalent diameters of the grains sizes is about 20 nm.

In this paper, perovskite catalyst containing titanium-bearing slag was prepared by titanium-bearing blast furnace slag of Pan zhihua Iron -Steel Itd with V-doped by high temperature solid-state method, that can be used instead of pure titanium dioxide as photocatalytic antibacterial materials, not only reduce the cost of materials, but also find a reasonable utilization of a large number of China's accumulation of titanium-bearing slag.
Aspergillus Niger is a kind of common fungi in aspergillus, which widely distributed in grain, plant products and soli.
It has important applications in food and medicine, but also leads to skin cancer, mildew of grain and industrial equipments.

The Metco 6700 fine-grain yttria stabilized zirconia powder dedicated for the PS-PVD process was used for ceramic coating deposition.
In the area marked 8 (Fig. 1b) there were observed equiaxial grains.
Below the number of pores in MeCrAlY bond coat were observed as an result of diffusion processes into the coating.

The single lifetime component observed in metallic glasses is interpreted in terms of complete trapping of positrons into the high number of free volume sites exhibiting a distribution of sizes and representing an irregular array of potential wells with different positron binding energy.
The increase in the positron lifetime connected with crystallization is caused by positron trapping in vacancies and grain boundaries not present in the glassy alloy.
The difference in the increase of positron lifetime for the two metallic glasses indicates differences in positron trapping sites arising during crystallization connected with density and chemical composition of grain boundary regions.

At the later stages the number of voids and microcracks decreases and some regions become denser.
The average grain sizes of Fe3O4 were always larger than those of g-Fe2O3.
The enrichment alloying elements of Cr, Cu and P result in the small grain sizes of Fe3O4 in the rust layers.

As increasing temperature again, ni3p and nickel begin to grow up, and grain congregate coarsely, the coherent relation is destroyed and the lattice distortion disappears, which lead to hardness decreasing.
When heat treated at 350℃, the stress is released and hydrogen evaded which improve the anticorrosion evidently.Numerous Ni3P is precipitated in the coating and the microstructure of coating transformed from amorphous to crystalline leading to grain boundary, phase boundary, subboundary and dislocation etc. the cathode is Ni3P and anode is nickle solid solution, which composed of primary battery leading to the erosion velocity accelerated.
At the higher temperature 400℃, Ni3P became coarse, the number of primary battery decreased gradually.