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Recently, impact use of alginate, a natural polysaccharide derived from the sea algae, as bioartificial matrix for cartilage formation has been appreciated due to its both biocompatible and biodegradable properties [7].
Since coralline hydroxyapatite is biocompatible and osteoconductive, the present study is aimed to combine the properties of both CHA and alginate resulting an ideal composite-gel, which will have the ability to prevent the particle mobilization and increase in their bioresorbability while retaining the osteoconductivity.
As bone mineral contains substantial amount of carbonate (5-8wt%) in the human body and its, therefore, presence in the composite-gel is advantageous because it increases the mechanical strength as well as bioactivity of the apatite phase [9, 10] and hence more osteoconduction is expected.
As solubility is highly sensitive to the structural and chemical compositions of the apatite samples, the functional composition and percent crystallinity are to be considered as essential key factors for the biodegradation.
The distribution of calcium and phosphorus significant to CHA are still present in the composite-gel without affecting the native structure, which suggest that the structural stability of the CHA in the composite-gel.

Emulsion Electrospinning: a Comparative Study on the Development of Nanofibrous Drug/Biomolecule Delivery Vehicles Chong Wang, Sze-Nga Tong, Yuk-Hang Tse, Min Wang * Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong * memwang@hku.hk Keywords: electrospinning, emulsion electrospinning, drug delivery, controlled release Abstract.
Introduction In the field of tissue engineering, there is a great interest in electrospun fibrous structures as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their nanofibrous characteristics and other properties that can enhance body tissue formation [1].
TEM analysis revealed the core-shell structure of emulsion electrospun fibers, with the structure being affected by emulsion composition.
Due to the very high surface area-to-volume ratio and other properties, electrospun fibers are considered to be excellent delivery vehicles for the controlled release of drugs/biomolecules.
There are a few factors that can cause the loss of BSA during electrospinning.

Application of nano carbon tube in electronic industry had become well known due to the characteristic of nano carbon tube that are expected to be very good thermal conductors along the tube, exhibiting a property known as "ballistic conduction," but good insulators laterally to the tube axis [19, 20].
Factors affecting the chip temperature such as coolant velocity and chip power of PLCC are studied and presented.
[6] Huat, J.L.K., “CFD application in Electronics System Cooling, Final Year Project, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 1998
“Vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs): basic properties and their battery applications”, Carbon 39, 1287-1297, 2001
J., “Morphological and mechanical properties of carbon-nanotube- reinforced semicrystalline and amorphous polymer composites”.

For the urgent requirements of high performance castables in iron and steel making industry, effects of rare earth chlorides on properties of Al2O3-MgO castables were addressed.
In order to achieve enhanced properties including volumetric stability and mechanical strength, various mineralizers were used as additives such as fluorides, chlorides, magnesium borate and oxides (B2O3, TiO2 and SnO2) [4-6].
This work addresses effects of different rare earth chlorides on properties of Al2O3-MgO castables by means of phase compositions, apparent porosity, bulk density, permanent linear change and bending strength.
Different cations could be incorporated into spinel, which was affected by several factors including temperature, pressure and composition [10].
Zhu, Effects of SnO2 addition on the properties of alumina-magnesia refractory castables, N.

The chemical properties of fly ash depends on the type of coal as well as the methods used for its handling and storage.
Calcium amount in fly ash has prominent effect on the properties of fresh mixture and final hardened product.
Pozzolans are the siliceous or siliceous and aluminous materials which does not show cementitious properties alone but when activated in finely divided form with alkali hydroxide at ordinary temperature and moisture conditions form the compounds show cementitious properties.The loss on ignition (LOI) of the fly ash is a critical factor for assessing its geopolymerization potential.The unburned carbon in fly ash absorbs activator solution.
The particle size distribution of fly ash is an important physical property affecting its reactivity and the properties of geopolymer [9].
Eklund, "Factors affecting the suitability of fly ash as source material for geopolymers," Fuel, 89 (2010) 992-996

Research on Ni-P-Carbon-nanotube Electro-brush Plating Composite Coating Technology ZHANG Yufenga, WANG Jianchengb, LIAO Xuebing, LEI Jie Wuhan Mechanical Technology college, Wuhan Hubei 430075, China ashujian59@163.com, b wzxwq@163.com Keywords: Carbon-nanotube, Electro-brush Plating, Composite Material Abstract.
Carbon-nanotube has a good mechanical characteristic.
The PH value of the solution is one of the main factors which affect the coating.
The plating temperature and the PH value of the plating solution are the factors which influence the plating processing.
Microstructure and Properties of Electro-brush Plating Nickel-base Al2O3 Composite Coating.

Since the soft tissue pad is viscoelastic and its mechanical properties depend on many aspects, certain parts of the combined complex structure are anisotropic, the biomechanical properties are also influenced by loading speed, loading frequency and lasting time[1].
Besides, the relationship between impact forces and insole properties has not been accurately described under a unified system.
As methods such as MRI can’t take both deformation and pressure as key factors together to describe DTCI.
Soft tissue behavior can be described by a combination of elastic and viscoelastic properties.
All these properties of DTCI may provide a better condition for design of certain sport shoes.

This showed that the casting temperature would affect the solid fraction distribution.
Take the Greek letter λ as the impact factor for the segregation phenomenon of solid and liquid phases in the semisolid melt.
In Eq.⑦, the direction of a∆ would be decided by cavity shape, and the size of a∆ would be affected by the filling pressure.
(3)The criterion of the impact factor λ was obtained that: 2 0Vfl a S⋅ ∆=λ ; Theλ would be affected by the acceleration ( a∆ ), the filling speed ( 0V ), the filling length (l ) and the solid fraction of the semisolid melt ( sf ).
Microstructural evolution and tensile mechanical properties of thixoformed high performance aluminum alloys.

The results indicated that TKCE50 had not only good welding technological properties, but also super work-hardening effect and perfect impact wear-resistance.
Through a series of experiments and on-the-spot application, the electrode was indicated that it not only had good technological properties, but also super work-hardening effect and perfect impact wear-resistance.
Therefore, the mechanical properties of this electrode are very good.
In view of these factors above, the slag system CaO-CaF2-SiO2 was selected [1].
(4) Based on analysis of the performance of TKCE50, its work-hardening mechanisms were found mainly relating to the high density dislocations and twins formed during impact and abrasion tests, which affected the slipping of crystals.

Experiments using Aglient pricision impedance tester measured samples’ capacitance, dielectric loss and resonant frequency, and then calculated the mechanical quality factor(Qm) and electromechanical coupling coefficient(Kp).
Elements Bi and Fe impact on the piezoelectric properties of KNN-based piezoelectric ceramics.
Electromechanical coupling coeffcient is a comprehensive parameter reflection properties of piezoelectric ceramics and it is an important physical quantity to measute quality of piezoelectric properties, So comparison images of figure 3 and 4 can be found that the trend of d33 is consistent with Kp.
Changes in εr affected by grain boundarys and grain phase structures.
Conclusion By observing the microstructure and a number of performance of ceramics known that the content of bismuth and iron is different, structure and properties of ceramics are different.