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Thermal Error Robust Modeling for High-speed Motorized Spindle Chunli Lei 1,2,a , Zhiyuan Rui 1,2,b, Jun Liu 1,2,c , Lina Ren 1,2,d (1.Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Technology and Application, The Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology; 2.School of Mechanical &Electronic Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China, alclyq2004@163.com, bzhiy_rui@163.com, cliuj@lut.cn, dsunnyren214@sina.com) Keywords: thermal error; multivariate autoregressive model; motorized spindle; robustness Abstract.
Though the ultraprecision spindle is equipped with cooling system or thermal error compensation, the main heat source is spindle unit [1].
Fig.1 shows a diagram of spindle thermal expansion bedstand
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GFEM can be denoted as Eq.1
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China Mechanical Engineering(in Chinese), 2005,16(6): 479-482

This is due to the stringent requirements; properties, biostability, design and availability constraints [1].
The samples were prepared by melt mixing mLLDPE with different ratios of nanoclay filler (0, 1, 3, and 5%) using twin screw extruder, Lab Tech Co.
The produced nanocomposites in pellet form were then compressed into 1 mm thick sheets using the compression moulding machine model GT-7014-H30C from GOTECH Co.
Results and Discussions TEM analysis of the mLLDPE nanocomposites TEM images of the mLLDPE nanocomposites containing the organo-MMT in 1,3 and 5wt% are displayed in Figure 1.
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a) b) c) d) e) f) Fig. 1.
Figure 1 presents a general view of the gear.
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Baolin, et al., Research on Kinematics for Planetary Bevel-Gear Trains, Advanced Materials Research 479–481 (2012) 913–916

The damping ratio specified in ASME STS S-1-2006 is shown in Table 1 [4].
Fig. 1 shows β/α=1.1, so α/β=0.909.
For γxz=1×10-4, D=1.31%.
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So: Journal of Fluids and Structures Vol.17 (2003), P.479 [2] JPI-7R-35-2004, Design of Vertical Vessels Supported by Skirt [S] (in Japanese) [3] GB50009-2001, Steel Vertical Vessels Supported by Skirt [S] (in Chinese) [4] ASME STS S-1-2006, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Steel Stacks [S] [5] Z.Y.

Fig. 1.
Results of the study are presented in Table 1.
Table 1.
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Fig. 1.
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Tidal current energy, as a potential renewable energy with low environment impact [1], has become a worldwide research focus in the past decades.
Fig.1 Visualization of flow past NACA0012 Table 1 Comparisons of lift coefficient and drag coefficient Method Cl Cd Present 0.7414 0.0163 T.Imamura model[19] 0.6979 0.0177 Zhuo B-L model 0.7064 0.0183 Zhuo S-A model[13] 0.7341 0.0158 CFL3D 0.7449 0.0157 Fig.2 Comparisons of lift coefficientand drag coefficient Fig.3 Lift coefficient of hydrofoils with different camber B.
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After filling the columns with 100 g lignite (1-2 % pyrite), 1 g of additional fine grounded pyrite (>100 µm) from Baia Mare, Romania was added.
For sterile control columns, the lignite was autoclaved three times for 1 hour at 121 °C, 1.5 atm.
Fig. 1.
[3] Ziemkiewicz, P.F., Advances in the prediction and control of AMD, in: Proc.1990 Mining and Reclamation Conf. and Ex., Vol. 1, Charleston W.
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Samples have 70 mm diameter and they have been prepared with a sample height-to-diameter ratio of 2:1.
Figure 1.
Table 1.
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Eng., 103,4, 474–479 (2009), doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.02.005