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Disassembled turbine shaft with runner, a) Transition (fillet) zone with cracks b) As a result of the failure analysis [3] the following conclusions emerges that shaft failure occurred due to the combination of several factors: - Inappropriate corrosion protection in the zone of critical radius and lack of procedures of renewing corrosion protection of turbine shaft
The chemical composition of base material, 20GSL (20Mn5) steel casting, is shown in table 1 and mechanical properties in table 2.
The significance of welding simulation is emphasized by obtaining real values of mechanical properties in heat affected zone.
Mechanical properties of simulated specimens* ΔT8/5 (sec) Impact toughness (J) Hardness, HV, max value 5 8,1 347 10 11,5 295 45 47,5 122 *Average values of 10 simulated specimens The result of dilatometric studies done on weld cycle simulator on the steel specimen is shown in Fig. 9 The results of weldability testing and welding cycle simulation does not directly encourage repair by welding as option.
The choice of repair strategy and feasibility analysis have many influential factors and may not be the same even for the same type of power transmission – in this case study the hydro turbine shafts.

In addition, for the purpose of operating nano components in different dimensional properties, terminal working tools in different structure and function are adopted.
Meanwhile, as there are unstable factors and oscillation between master and slave terminal, the IVC algorithm discussed in next Section will be activated to guarantee stability.
Zci and β are the virtual coupling impedance and the enhancement factor, respectively.
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, (1990), p. 115-119
Brown: Factors Affecting the Width of a Haptic Display, in Proc.

This extent is expected to change with geometry, presence of notches, loading pattern, loading level and material properties.
Thirdly, the stress intensity factors of crack front nodes are calculated (Fig. 3c).
Identification of numerical independent parameters affecting the accuracy of a numerical procedure able to study the fatigue crack growth based on the finite element method.
The main variables affecting the accuracy of the numerical model were identified and optimised.
Stress intensity factors for side-grooved fracture specimens.

The Main Factors of Influence Wear Usually, according to wear mechanism and wear system materials and abrasive, material and material between the functions of the division, wear the main types of abrasive wear can be divided into and adhesive wear, erosion wear, fatigue wear and corrosion wear and fretting wear type etc .
The working process of the rotor speed up to 1800 r/min, fall into the material in the moment that is to the rotor are accelerated, and then along the three flow crossing throw into the rotor crushing cavity, in this process, and the material is the continuing, and speed as high as 40 ~ 80 m/s, convection crossing place cast material have continuous head impact, causing the head cast material wear, for the study of the impact of this vertical shaft for crusher, the influence of the main wear head cast material factors mainly in the following aspects: Head Cast Material Characteristics Behind the materials properties of materials head is the important factor of resistance to wear, its hardness is higher, the more good toughness and wear resistance, the better the current production manufacturers are looking for more wear-resisting material to replace the existing materials.
Material properties of The Influence of Material Particle Size Material particle size in 0 ~ 40 mm, different particle size distribution to wear the impact is different, so different particle size distribution to wear the impact is different also.
Vertical shaft impact crusher is mainly used in crushing limestone, only consider final product particle size distribution, the main effect factors is feeding particle size distribution, spindle speed as well as the feeding speed, but in order to make energy efficient configuration, must consider wearing parts wear problems, therefore, should be to meet product particle size distribution of cases, as far as possible to reduce the wear parts.
Mechanical engineering, 2004, (11) : 17-18 [3] YuZhiXin.

HVOF and cold spray can, to a certain extent, reduce the oxide and porosity, but still they can not change the traditional lamellar structure, and eliminating defects seems to be the only way to improve the mechanical properties of their coatings.
This article reports on the stainless 316L stainless steel coatings deposited by air plasma spray (APS) and low pressure plasma spray (LPPS) respectively, and the characterizations and certain properties of lamellar and equiaxed microstructural coatings are both presented for comparison.
This crystalline structure transition is considered to be possibly related with two factors: subtract temperature and thermal gradient.
The vapor phase of the 316L powder heated by the plasma torch may be one of the major factors that led to a uniform equiaxed microstructure of 316L stainless steel coatings.
The vapor phase of the 316L stainless steel powder in the palsma jet may be one of the major factors that form a uniform equiaxed microstructure.

Based on the test of accelerating aging in high solubility, the physical and mechanical performance tests are conducted on GFRP bolts in normal, acid, alkalis and salt conditions, from which the change law of physical and mechanical property can be studied for bolts in different corrosion conditions.
The studies on corrosion of GFRP anchor bolts, however, are fewer at home and abroad and analysis on corrosion factors and mechanism is insufficient[4,16-20].
The deterioration of its mechanical property after corrosion is more complex than that of reinforcement bars.
When considering the factor of corrosion time, see table 4 for data of GFRP bolts’ tensile strength and elastic modulus and see table 5 for data of these when considering the factor of solubility.
Figure 4 Pull-out breaks of test sections after being corroded Table 4 Mechanical property change of corroded GFRP bolts when considering time Test section No.

The sheath surface should be smooth, no sag, elastic appropriate, no visible steel strand outline, no cracks, no pores, no obvious wrinkle and mechanical damage
(3) Inspection of mechanical properties: include tensile test, bending test, modulus of elasticity, friction test and so on.
Table 1 Prestressed steel strand inspection items and sample size Serial number Inspection items Sampling number Sampling location Inspection methods 1 Surface Each hank Visual 2 The contour diameter Each hank Intercept any section from each hank Use measuring tool with 0.2mm division value measure the diameter of the steel strand 3 The steel strand unbend performance 3 roots/ each batch Use measuring tool with 1mm division value to measure 4 The most strongly of the whole steel strand 3 roots/ each batch According to the provisions of the GB/T5224-2003 in 8.4.1 5 Provisions the proportion of tensile 3 roots/ each batch According to the provisions of the GB/T5224-2003 in 8.4.2 6 The maximum total elongation rate 3 roots/ each batch Intercept any section from each hank According to the provisions of the GB/T5224-2003 in 8.4.3 7 The stress relaxation performance Not less than 1 root / each batch According to the provisions of the GB/T5224-2003 in 8.5 Table 2 The appearance and mechanical
property commonly used level 1860 steel The standard diameter /mm The standard size /mm2 Tensile strength /Mpa The minimum tensile force /kN The minimum load to elongation 1%/kN The minimum elongation /% 1000 hours maximum relaxation loss 70%F 80%F 15.24 140 1860 260.7 234.6 3.5 2.5 4.5 2.
Project quality is affected by many factors, so need to implement the quality control before, under and after construction, strictly control on technology, operations in strict accordance with the construction technology requirements, don’t ignore every detail, guarantee the quality of the whole project in the end.

In these parameters, Marangoni force is the most important in affecting the molten metal flow and the contour of the melt pool.
Introduction A Laser cladding technology has revealed as a multi-purpose tool with numerous applications in surface engineering, such as repairing damaged molds used in enhancing service life in marine engine valves and turbine blades [1], improving wear behavior [2] or mechanical and electrochemical properties of mild steel [3], and so on.
The thermo-physical properties of ZM5 were allowed to vary with temperature and phase state of the material during the simulation.
Effect of Marangoni force On the surface of the melt pool, there exists gradient of surface tension due to large temperature gradient. as one factor of driving fluid flow, this gradient of surface tension may affect the flow pattern of molten metal in melt pool.

A356, A357) have been widely used in the automotive and aerospace industry due to their excellent castability (including high fluidity and low hot tearing tendency) and mechanical properties (including static tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and dynamic fatigue properties).
In hypoeutectic Al-Si-Mg based alloys, the most important factors affecting the performance in service mainly include the size of α-Al grains, the modification (size and morphology) of eutectic Si, the size of eutectic grains, the porosities and oxides [1-9].
All these four factors can greatly affect the mechanical properties, especially the elongation of recycled secondary materials.
The shape factor was estimated to be about 0.82 (Fig. 6c), although a slight change of the shape factor distribution was also observed (see SI Fig.
(b-g) shape factor distribution of the samples 1-6, respectively.

This not only changes the appearance but also changes the internal organization of materials that improve mechanical properties.
Many process factors affect the effectiveness of the forging forming process.
Table 1 specifies the three design factors, each with two levels, for the forging processes.
The bicycle pedal forging process (Table 1) involved the following design factors: Factor A, temperature of die; Factor B, velocity of ram; and Factor C, friction factor.
The confidence and significance are highly critical for control factors.