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IPNs have been extensively studied because of their simplicity in combining the properties of a wide range of materials, ranging from plastics and elastomers to hydrogels and the formation of IPNs tends to enhance the desirable properties of each constituent polymer, resulting in what is commonly known as positive synergism effects
But the PNIPPAm hydrogel have poor mechanical properties which limits its application, while polyurethane(PU) exhibits high tensile strength and breaking elongation which can supplement hydrogel's shortcomings.
[12] Therefore, with the BIS amount increasing, the ESW of composite films formed in water increases, and the properties of PNIPAAm are the leading factor in film structure.
Summary PNIPPAm formed semi-interpenetrating polymer networks with polyurethane, and the interactions between polymer chains and solvent molecules are the leading factor in determining the properties of film.
The content of crosslinker and the solvents' properties dominate the composite film's nature.

The experimental results show that the indicating value of diaphragm gas meters under high temperatures is basically accurate, but the metrological property is a little patchy in terms of quality at low temperatures.
The new product standard and pattern evaluation outline of diaphragm gas meters put forward a novel requirement for the metrological property in the limiting temperature conditions [2-3].
Six diaphragm gas meters connect in series with critical flow nozzle (or one mechanical roots flow meter connect in series with five diaphragm gas meters with roots flow meter in the first station).
By testing roots flow meter in both reference conditions and non-reference conditions, we can properly draw a conclusion that the metrological characteristics of roots flow meter are less affected by temperatures, which can be adopted to compare with the nozzle for correction. 2.
But there existed some other factors such as throat diameter and the correction of reynolds number in the non-reference conditions, and both them are about 0.1%.

Magnesium carbonate tri-hydrate with hexagonal prism morphology is widely used in enhancements and modification of coating, rubber, plastic, ink and other field due to crystal development completely, less defect, high strength and high purity, good mechanical properties [3].
Orthogonal experiment results showed that the primary and secondary order of various factors influence on aspect ratio as follows: temperature > stirring speed > n (Mg2+): n (HCO3-) >n (HCO3-): n (NH3·H2O) > aging time.
The experiment have no blank columns contrast except the factors listed in orthogonal table, so the error analysis can only choose relative error, take variance with minimum mean square factors corresponding as error.
While the other three factors could choice their level base on other influencing conditions.
Inorganic Chemicals Industry Vol.1 (1993), p. 26-28 [4] Freitag F, Kleinebudde P: How roll compaction and dry granulation affect the tableting behavior of inorganic materials: comparison of four magnesium carbonates.

The continuous rolling process of pierced shell is the key deformation procedure since it not only affects the throughput of the mill, but also determines the dimensional precision of finished products.
This paper shows a 3-D coupled thermo- mechanical simulation for a similar continuous rolling process using commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm.
Fig.1 Curve of swing speed of 8-stand continuous mandrel rolling of tube A 3-D coupled thermo-mechanical model is established using practical process parameters.
The material of pierced shell is C22 which is read from MSC.SuperForm database including the mechanical and thermal property of the material.
Modeling to account for such positional and temporal variations in friction factor is under way.

There is growing evidence that strontium influences bone remodeling by affecting both bone resorption and formation [2].
Several studies [1, 3] indicate that strontium can affect the activity of cells in vitro, acting directly on osteoclasts to inhibit bone resorption.
When coated with a layer similar to the natural mineral of bone, an orthopaedic metallic implant can not only exhibit adequate mechanical properties to be used as bone replacement but also can conduct bone formation and thereby, firmly integrate to bone.
The selection of these biomolecules could range from growth factors [13] to those therapeutic agents [14] used in the treatment of bone related diseases.
The effect on the coating properties like the morphology, chemistry and crystallinity was then evaluated.

This leads to non-uniform distribution of mechanical stresses in a sample already at the earliest stages of mechanical affecting.
In our previous work [18], there was established interconnection between polarization current and EMS amplitude in all stages of changing SSS of the rock samples differing by electric properties.
During the experiment, mechanical characteristics, such as a loading and strain, were measured.
Along with change of a variation factor, also amplitude increase in certain stages of a straining and its dispersion increase were observed.
Let's assume that a sign of a change of state of fracture process is magnitude of the module of the first derivative of : , (1) Using (1), it is possible to calculate integral characteristics of time series on which changes it is possible to interpret properties of process of a straining and fracture.

Moreover, the cracks may also affect the use and safety of the double-block ballastless track during its service.
The Analysis of Maintenance Materials' Mechanical Properties Water may permeate into the roadbed slab through the cracks after the roadbed slab cracks, which may aggravate the failure of the roadbed slab.
On the basis of existing maintenance material properties, we choose the poisson ratio of the repair materials is 0.15 and coefficient of linear expansion is 2.5×10-5/℃.
Reference [1] Yong ZHANG .The research of space mechanics and the fracture properties on the double-block ballastless track in the Subgrade[D].
Crack Calculation Method and Influence Factors for Continuously prefabricated Slab[J].

The post-DCT properties were then determined on the other half.
Researchers have shown that the factors which dictate the properties of cemented carbides after cryogenic treatment include their initial microstructure and the properties of the binder which experiences the most profound changes due to the treatment.
Table 1 gives some of their properties as declared by the manufacturer [21].
This was followed by measurement of mechanical and wear properties.
Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on properties of aluminium bronze.

Overall, the addition of the TiO2 nanoparticles showed a clear influence on the Sn-Bi properties.
In the current electronic industry, the low melting temperature is a concern, and tin-lead (Sn-Pb) solder alloy has shown the lowest melting temperature with unique physical and mechanical properties [3].
Various Pb replacements have been investigated, including; In, Sb, Ag, Bi, Zn, Cd, Al, as the alloying element to the Sn, and most of them tend to provide better mechanical properties [4].
Among the crucial factor that affects the strength of any solder alloy and provides the solder the ability to withstand shear and tensile stresses is the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer formed between the solder alloy and the substrate [10].
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Sn–xBi solder alloy.

A356, A357) have been widely used in the automotive and aerospace industry due to their excellent castability (including high fluidity and low hot tearing tendency) and mechanical properties (including static tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and dynamic fatigue properties).
In hypoeutectic Al-Si-Mg based alloys, the most important factors affecting the performance in service mainly include the size of α-Al grains, the modification (size and morphology) of eutectic Si, the size of eutectic grains, the porosities and oxides [1-9].
All these four factors can greatly affect the mechanical properties, especially the elongation of recycled secondary materials.
The shape factor was estimated to be about 0.82 (Fig. 6c), although a slight change of the shape factor distribution was also observed (see SI Fig.
(b-g) shape factor distribution of the samples 1-6, respectively.