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With respect to tribo-mechanical properties, Fe-alloys reinforced with oxide particles are promising compound materials to produce wear-resistant MMC with low-cost and readily available materials.
[3] European Commission, Report on critical raw materials for the EU, Report of the Ad-hoc Working Group on defining critical raw materials (2014)
Riedel, Handbook of ceramic hard materials, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2000
Theisen, CVD Coating of Oxide Particles for the Production of Novel Particle-Reinforced Iron-Based Metal Matrix Composites, Open Journal of Applied Sciences 6 (2016) 260–269
Theisen, Supersolidus liquid-phase sintering of ultrahigh-boron high-carbon steels for wear-protection applications, Materials Science and Engineering: A (2012) 511–521

Materials and Methods Graphene is prepared from Rice husk by using simple microwave furnace method.
[5] Charoenchai M, Tungbunsuk S, Keawwattana W, Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on silica-filled natural rubber composites: Dispersion mixing and effect on thermal stability, rheological and mechanical properties, Materials Science Forum. 943 (2018) 100–104
Nanoparticle, An overview of preparation and characterization, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 1 (2011) 228–234
[28] Rao CNR, Biswas K, Subrahmanyam KS, Govindaraj A, Graphene- the new nanocarbon, Journal of Materials Chemistry. 19 (2009) 2457–2469
[33] Das A, Chakraborty B, Sood AK, Raman spectroscopy of graphene on different substrates and influence of defects, Bulletin of Materials Science. 31 (2008) 579–84

Gehring, Nature materials Vol.2 (2003), P.673
Fitzgerald, Nature materials Vol.4 (2005), P.173
Pauporté, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol.12 (2011), p.8
Lee, Advanced Materials Vol.15 (2003), p.838
Xue, Science of Advanced Materials Vol.3 (2011), p.127

Ghoshal1,c 1Advanced Optical Material Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor.
Results and Discussion Analytical reagent-grade chemicals of Li2CO3, TiO2, P2O5, NiO and MgO are used as starting materials.
Tyagi and G.P Kothiyal, Preparation and studies on surface modifications of calcium-silico-phosphate ferromagnetic glass ceramics in simulated body fluid, Journal of Material Science and Engineering C 29 (2009) 2226-2233
Solid State Science and Technology 14(1) (2006) 115-120
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 88 (1986) 11

The damage evolution, AE characteristics of 3-D C/SiC composites were revealed by multi-parameter analysis, along with mechanical response and fractography of the material.
Experimental Procedure Materials and Specimen Preparation.
Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Contract No. 10702054).
References [1] Zhang Litong, Cheng Laifei and Xu Yongdong: Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Vol.1 (2003), P.24 [2] Chotard T J: Journal of Materials Science Letters Vol.21 (2002), P.1261 [3] M.
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Based on COMPASS forcefield, the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties of poly (propylene-co-γ-butyrolactone carbonate) (PPCG) was firstly investigated with 'Materials Studio' simulation soft successfully.
Molecular simulation is an available tool for understanding and discovering the relationship between micro-structure and functions of materials [2].
In this paper, poly(propylene-co-γ-butyrolactone carbonate) (PPCG), which has been successfully synthesized in our previous experiment, became the object of molecular simulation with the molecular simulation soft 'Materials Studio 3.0' (MS Modeling).
Narasimhan.: Journal of Controlled Release Vol.82(1) (2002) , p.115-125 [2] W.C.
Huang: Journal of Polymer Science Part-A: Polymer Chemistry Vol.43(2) (2005) , p. 2468-2475 [7] L.B.

Those materials can be replaced fully or partially with RCA in highway construction [14].
Ali, "Pakistani bentonite in mortars and concrete as low cost construction material," Applied Clay Science, vol. 45, pp. 220-226, 2009
Ahmed, "Fatigue and rutting analysis of asphaltic pavement using “KENLAYER” software," Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences, vol. 9, pp. 177-182, 2019
McNally, Soil and rock construction materials: CRC Press, 2017
Disfani, "Reclaimed asphalt pavement and recycled concrete aggregate blends in pavement subbases: laboratory and field evaluation," Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 26, pp. 349-357, 2014

Campbell, Manufacturing Technology for Aerospace Structural Materials, Elsevier Science, Oxford (U.
Yamane, An Overview of the Machinability of Aeroengine Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 134 (2003) 233-253
Newman, Environmentally Conscious Machining of Difficult-To-Machine Materials with Regard to Cutting Fluids, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 57 (2012) 83-101
Sánchez, Advanced Cutting Conditions for the Milling of Aeronautical Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 100 (2000) 1-11
Marcos, Surface Roughness of AA7050 Alloy Turned Bars: Analysis of the Influence of the Length of Machining, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 162–163 (2005) 682-689

In the field of material science and structural engingeering, the size differs between laboratory specimen and pratical constructions is inevitable.
Rearch interests in the size effect is a very old topic, in fact older than the mechanics of materials itself.
Materials and specimens For each strength grade of concrete and reinforcred concrete specimens is with the same water-cement ratio and the same cement-sand ratio.
, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Volume 72, Issue 1 (2005), 1-31 [10] Giovanni Di Luzio, Z.P.Bazant: Spectral analysis of localization in nonlocal and over-nonlocal materials with softening plasticity or damage, International Journal of Solids and Structures, Volume 42, Issue 23 (2005), p.6071-6100 [11] A.
Elfahal: Size effct for high-strength concrete cylinders subjected to axial impact, International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 28(2003), p.1001-1016 [19]Li Jiakang: Size effect for high-strength concrete cubes subjected to axial loads, Journal of building materials, vol 17 No.1 (2004), p.81-84(In Chinese) [20]Qian Jueshi, Yang Zaifu: Experimental study in the size effect of high-strength concrete.

The width of the plate is assumed to be W, length L = 2W, and the material properties used were assumed to be E = 1 unit and poison ratio u = 0.3, the plate is subjected to a far-field remote tensile stress s /E = 1.
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 38(3), 399-419,1995
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