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Long fiber high efficient filter whose fiber bundles are in the state of one end keeping full freedom and the other end being fixed cancels those structure members used to extrusion and limit fiber relative position, sequentially, improving the utilization rate of filter bed cross-section, greatly simplified the structure of equipment and operational process, being beneficial to machining component element, highly reducing operating troubles, expanding the engineering application of fiber filtration technology, making it possible to reform the filter chamber of water treatment plants by the fiber filtration technology[1].
Studying the long fiber high efficient filter has important implications for offshore platform high-performance sewage treatment equipment to improve the structure and filter efficiency and precision.
The process of intercepting suspension particles of deep filter bed consist of the process that under the effect of physics and chemistry particles adhere to the surface of filter material and then are removed from the water and that under the effect of the shearing force of flow in pores adhered particles fall off from the surface, moreover, the particles which fall off and those particles which can’t adhere to the surface will go to the lower layer along with the water flow.
(a) (b)[2] Figure 5 Under the condition of different filtration rate the simulation results of filtered water quality change process compared with the test results (high concentrations of inflow) It is important note that the arrangement of fiber bundle inside structure is not be considered, for reducing the amount of calculation and shortening the calculation time, the calculating geometric model is not the real three-dimensional structure of the filter, that porosity of filter layer is assumed to be uniform distribution, and that the filter material filling quantity and the inflow water quality have an effect on the results of filtering process simulation calculation, which is also ignored.
For long-fiber bundle numerical simulation filters more research is needed, for instance, considering that when the filtrate flows through the fibrous filter layer, the fiber layer will receive the vertical downward pressure caused from the head loss so that the filtering layer porosity distribution change, and considering the actual three-dimensional structure of filter.

Lukyanovich published clear images of 50 nanometer diameter tubes made of carbon in the Soviet Journal of Physical Chemistry.
It is likely that carbon nanotubes were produced before this date, but the invention of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) allowed direct visualization of these structures.
Initial attempts to incorporate CNTs into hierarchical structures led to mechanical properties that were significantly lower than these achievable limits.
Large structures of carbon nanotubes can be used for thermal management of electronic circuits.
Solar cells developed at the New Jersey Institute of Technology use a carbon nanotube complex, formed by a mixture of carbon nanotubes and carbon buckyballs (known as fullerenes) to form snake-like structures.

Introduction Filler aggregation processes influence essentially on polymer composites structure and properties [1].
As it follows from Fig. 3 plot, at small nCNT (of the order of 10) very loose bundle structure is observed, but nCNT increasing results in essential enhancement and at nCNT»20 bundle structure is analogous to Witten-Sander cluster structure, formed by diffusion-limited aggregation (df =2.5) [10].
The dependence of CNT bundle structure fractal dimension on nanotubes number per bundle nCNT for nanocomposites PP/CNT.
Zaikov, Structure and Properties of Particulate-Filled Polymer Composites: the Fractal Analysis, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 2010
Kozlov, Fractal Clusters in Physics-Chemistry of Polymers, Polygraphservice and Co., Nal’chik, 2002

The addition of K2O and Na2O to the glass system can contribute to the breakup of the phosphate glass structure.
The addition of Na2O also resulted the formation of compact glass structure which decresed the ion release [11].
Larger ionic radius of K+ tend to distrupt and weaken the phosphate glass structure and increased the glass solubility.
Chemistry. 18 (2016) 3121-3134
Hai, Study of structures and properties of ZnO-Sb2O3-P2O5-Na2O glasses, Mater.

The hexagonal structure P63mc of these compounds undergoes a small orthorhombic distortions Da/a » 10-2 at temperature lowering and the temperature of structural phase transition (PT) monotonously goes down when the RE ion radius reduces [4 - 6].
This distortion of the crystal structure removes the frustration of the exchange interactions in the Kagome lattice and thus affects magnetic PT in the Co subsystem at [7].
Phase composition was controlled by XRD; X-ray patterns of all the studied RE cobaltites were indexed in the hexagonal (or weakly distorted hexagonal) structure where the unit cell parameters аh, сh agree well with the literature data [8].
The magnetoelastic interaction for the RE subsystem, in turn, is determined by the electronic structure of the RE ion, which is formed by the crystal field and the effective field of the ordered Co subsystem.
The electronic structure of the RE ion also determines the magnitude and sign of the magnetic anisotropy, which specify the domain state.

Besides suitable surface chemistry, the scaffold architecture provides sufficient space and suitable mechanical properties for the tissue regeneration [3].
Figure 1(a) showed the original sponge network of PU foam with pore size 45 ppi, exhibited an ‘open-cell’ and highly interconnected porous structure.
The interconnected macroporous structure were measured from SEM image in the range of 300- 600mm (average size of 450mm) which high porosity (± 92%).
Beside the porous structure of MCP, the dissolution of ions resulting from the solution possibly accounted for deterioration in mechanical properties.
[7] Qianbin Wang, Qiguang Wang, changxiu Wan, The effect of porosity on the structure and properties of calcium polyphosphate bioceramic, Ceramic-silikaty.55(1) (2011) 43-48

It exists in three crystal structures, rutile, brookite, and anatase.
As the structure cannot be treated as a slightly perturbed cubic crystal, there are pronounced polarization effects [8].
TiO2 in its anatase structure has a lower resistance and a higher response to gas adsorbents than in its rutile structure, which is stable at higher temperatures [10].
Aarik, Influence of structure development on atomic layer deposition of TiO2 thin films, Applied Surface Science. 181 (2001) 339-348
Rauhala, Atomic layer exitaxy growth of titanium dioxide thin films from titanium ethoxide, Chemistry of Materials. 6 (1994) 556-561

They are single phase with layered rock salt structure derived from α-NaFeO2.
In order to understand the effect of temperature on the crystal structure, several samples were heated at various temperatures: 800, 850, 900 and 950 oC in O2 and N2.
Thus, the sample probably precipitates Li2O from the supersaturated solid solution with the implication that the composition of the main, layered rock salt structure phase changes.
Results show that all samples have a layered rock salt structure when they were heated between 800 and 950 oC either in O2 or N2.
Chemistry of Materials, 22 (2010) 1209-1219.

Zeolites are also known as molecular sieves and aluminosilicate materials that are characterized by their open structure of interconnected cavities that can be accessed by molecules, atoms and ions species [2].
From this FT-IR spectroscopy, we expected that the structure of Zeolite did not change over the milling process with different milling times.
Furthermore, there are two groups of frequencies of vibrations in all Zeolites: internal vibrations of T-O (considered insensitive to structure) and vibration of external linkages between tetrahedral, due to topology and the mode of structure arrangement [10].
After extensive milling time up to 8 hours the structure of milled samples and raw powder of Zeolite shows no difference in spectra thus it confirms that the milling process did not alter the structure of nanopowders of Zeolite.
Thermal properties of zeolites: effective thermal conductivity of dehydrated powdered zeolite 4A, Materials Chemistry and Physics 75 (2002) 178-180

Optimization of PEDOT:PSS Hole Transport Layer toward the Organic Solar Cells with High Fill Factor Hong Lian, Ning Jun*, Altan Bolag, Alata Hexig*, Naren Gerile, Ojiyed Tegus, Song Lin Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot 010022, China *ningjun@imnu.edu.cn, alata@imnu.edu.cn.
The device structure is shown in Fig 1 a).
Solar cell fabrication: The device structure is indium tin oxide (ITO)/PEDOT:PSS/PTB7-Th:PC61BM/calcium(Ca)/aluminum(Al).
a) b) -5.0eV PEDOT:PSS -5.3eV -3.71eV PTB7-Th -4.5eV ITO -5.93eV -3.91eV PC61BM Energy level Al -4.3eV Ca -2.9eV Fig.1. a) The structure of the devices based on PTB7-Th:PC61BM and the chemical structure of PTB7-Th, PC61BM, PEDOT:PSS. b) The energy band diagram of the device.
b) Current density-voltage characteristics of devices with structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS(HTL) (pristine or diluted)/PTB7-Th: PC61BM/Ca(ETL)/Al.