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Effect of Natural and Artificial Aging on the Mechanical Properties of Two Al-Mg-Si Alloys DJEMMAL Karim 1 *, FARH Hichem 1, 2, GUEMINI Rebai 1, ZIDANI Mosbah3 and SERRADJ Fares4 1 Active Devices and Materials Laboratory, Oum el Bouaghi University, Algeria 2 Department of Material Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Tebassa, Algeria 3 Laboratoire de Génie Energétique et Matériaux (LGEM), Université de Biskra, B.P: 145 Biskra, 07000 Algérie. 4Department of Material Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Guelma, Algeria Keywords: Al-Mg-Si alloy, artificial and natural aging, mechanical properties, Cu, excess Si Abstract.
The aging parameters on precipitation sequence of two Al-Mg-Si alloys with and without excess Si were studied by DSC, MET and Vickers hardness measurement.
Aging parameters and composition variations affect considerably the formability of Al–Mg–Si alloys [5, 6].
The Al-Mg-Si alloys were provided by the Banbury Laboratories of Alcan International Ltd as extruded sheets with sections 40 mm wide and 3 mm thickness.
[2] Hirsch J, Al-Samman T.

One of the goals of the work was to obtain the activation energy for the formation of defects by performing electrical measurements on both materials (pure Al and 3003 Al alloys ). 1.
Figure 3 I-V curve for 2.78 mm 3003 Al Alloy 2.
Figure 5 I-V curve for 2.13mm 3003 Al Alloy (93.8% def) Figures 2,3 shows I-V curves for Al 3003 with zero deformation of thicknesses 2.72 mm and 2.78 mm respectively.
Figure 11 Resistivity – Annealing Temperature curve for 2.06 mm 3003 Al Alloy (24.27% def) Table 1 Sample %Deformation Resistance (ohm) Resistivity (ohm.M) 3003 Al Alloy 2.4mm 41.6 3.19543 x 10-3 7.669 x 10-6 3003 Al Alloy 2.13mm 93.8 3.2198 x 10-3 6.858 x 10-6 3003 Al Alloy 2.06mm 24.271 3.91247 x 10-3 8.0595 x 10-6 3003 Al Alloy 1.93mm 25.9 3.1427 x 10-3 6.0654 x 10-6 3003 Al Alloy 1.8mm 27.77 3.44363 x 10-3 6.1985 x 10-6 3003 Al Alloy 1.74mm 28.73 6.67026 x 10-3 11.6062 x 10-6 Figure 12 Resistivity – Annealing Temperature for 1.8mm 3003 Al Alloy (27.77%def) 3.3 Activation energy The activation energy (or the formation enthalpy) which obtained by Mackenizie and Lichtenberger and then improved by Schulte and Camble [14,15] as E= (-0.098±0.057) + (15.5± 0.7) x10-4 Tc Where T c is the temperature at which the deformation occurs.
[8] A Ashour,E Badawi and N Z El-Sayed, Surface Review and Letters 13(1) (2006) 69

Kerkour-el miad, D.
[15] I.El Kadmiri, F.Z.
Kerkour-el miad, D.
El Boudouti, A.
El kadmiri, Z.

El Amrani1,a, F.J.Botana1,a 1 LABCYP.
Sanlúcar Km 7. 11510, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz.
Ti3Al phase is not detected in the LR samples, as Al and Ti signals are kept constant along the scanned line.
Intensity of Al and Ti of EDX measurements (left) along a horizontal line of MZ (right).

El-Shazly 1,2,b, Marwa Elkady1,3,c and Essam Hares1,4,d 1Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Egypt. 2Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 3Fabrication Technology Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA City), Alexandria, Egypt 4Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Department Aswan, Egypt.
El-Raey, A.
El-Shazly, H.
Raza et al., “Electrochemical behavior of graphene coatings deposited on copper metal by electrophoretic deposition and chemical vapor deposition,” Surf.

Ceramic SBE membrane exhibits functionalization and deconvolution the present of siloxane, Al-OH-Al, Ti-O-Ti, and Al-O bands for both of 15 and 35wt% SBE loading.
Analysis of peak areas in the Si-O-Si, Al-OH-Al, Ti-O-Ti, and Al-O groups is shown in Fig 4.
Elma, A.L.
Syauqiah, E.L.
Pratiwi, E.L.

An Improved Harmony Search Algorithm for a Planar Parallel Robot Synthesis Badreddine ABOULISSANEa*, Dikra EL HAIEKb and Larbi EL BAKKALIc Team Modeling and Simulation of Mechanical Systems, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences, Tetouan, Morocco ab.aboulissane@gmail.com, bdikra.elhaiek@gmail.com, celbakkali.larbi@gmail.com Keywords: Trajectory synthesis; Parallel mechanism; Heuristic algorithms; Mechanism synthesis Abstract.
Acharyya et al. [9] presented a comparative study to find out performances of three evolutionary algorithms: (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and (DE) with a new improvement technique applied on mechanism design.
A combined Genetic Algorithm–Fuzzy Logic method (GA–FL) in mechanisms synthesis have been proposed by Laribi et al. [10].
Fig. 2: The Processing Flow of the Improved Harmony Search Algorithm Case Study Case 1: 6 target points, 15 design variables The first case is a problem of generating six target points arranged in a vertical line, from Ettefagh et al. [8].

Table3 the mechanical properties of Specimens for tensile test Specimen NO Finish temperature 0C YS MPa UTS MPa EL % 592 702 20.6 588 698 20.1 601 705 19.1 Specimen 1 780 589 704 20.2 665 730 17.2 667 745 18.1 666 753 17.1 Specimen 2 730 654 734 16.1 657 743 19.2 642 744 17.6 636 738 18.3 Specimen 3 680 644 741 17.5 The YS and UTS is markedly higher than the normal process that the finished rolling temperature is about 900 ° C and the YS is about 490 MPa [11], The influence of finishing rolling temperature at 780°C, 730°C and 680°C on the YS and UTS of the steel are shown in table3.
The EL varied slightly with finished rolling temperature between 730°C and 680°C.
[6] Kimura T ， et al. ' 97 ， Proceedings of an International Conference.July 7-11 1997 ， Wollongong，Australia，Published by TMS 1997：645-651

INTRODUCTION In the past, Al-Ibrahim et al. described an authentication scheme for concast and anycast communication based on El-Gamal type digital signature [1-2].
Figure 3: Anycast Service. 3.1 Anycast authentication scheme In 2003, Al-Ibrahim and Cerny [2] proposed an authnetication scheme for anycast communication based on El-Gamal type digital signature.
The Al-Ibrahim et al.’s scheme consists of two phases: Initialization phase and Verification phase.
Al-Ibrahim, H.
Al-Ibrahim and A.

Box 179, New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt awalaa.abdelaal@ejust.edu.eg, batef.hamada@ejust.edu.eg, c mohsen.khozami@ejust.edu.eg Keywords: Severe plastic deformation, Cyclic extrusion compression, Al-1%Cu Alloy, grain refinement.
Experimental Procedure The Al-1Cu material in the present study was received in the form of 20 f mm ´ 300 mm cast rods, with a chemical composition (in wt. pct) of 1.02 Cu, 0.12 Si, 0.17 Fe and Al.
Fig. 4 shows the hardness variation with the extruded Al-1Cu alloy with the number of CEC passes.
Fig.5 (a) shows the fracture surface features of the as-cast Al-Cu alloy.
The fracture surface of the extruded Al-1Cu alloy after 1pass-CEC is shown in Fig. 5(b).