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This is frequently combined with additional functionality of film, such as chemical and thermal stability, increased hardness, protection again corrosion, electromagnetic shielding, reduction in consumption of precious materials, etc.
Alumina-supported Silver catalysts have been examined extensively in the environmental chemistry (photocatalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides NOx and CO2), and also as anti-bacterial agent in pharmaceuticals.
Warde, Data Management for Composite Materials, www.grantadesign.com/ composites, - 2010 [4] P.

Based on XRD data, the crystal size of Ni and TiN crystal was calculated using Debye-Scherrer’s equation and presented in Fig. 2.
In this study, the reduction of Ni (111) crystallite size due to the increase of TiN and Si3N4 nucleation rate is attributed to the hardness improvement.
The further reduction of hardness as an increase of current density up to 3 mA/cm2 was attributed to the increase of Ni (111) crystallite size and it agrees to Hall-Petch relation.

The use of used vegetable oils (UVOs) as raw material for biodiesel provides a reduction to problems such as water pollution and obstructions in drainage systems [2], as it is estimated that one liter of UVOs pollutes about 1000 liters water [3].
With this data, the heat exchange network was defined, which was made up of exchanges between the streams UVOs-2 and UVOs, where UVOs-2 satisfies your energetic requirement and UVOs reaches the temperature of 63°C (335.7 K) (Fig.º1).
Conclusions Through energetic optimization of the designed process, the full reduction of the cooling service and the diminishing of 15.87% of the heating service were achieved.

Introduction The actual issue of the industrial production of construction materials is, in addition to the permanent decrease of manufacturing costs, the acceptance of existing environmental requirements which means a reduction in the production of greenhouses gases, in particular emissions of CO2, and the ecological liquidation of industrial waste.
o High value of water-cement ratio had also an impact on reduction of compressive strength of the tested cement and not only against to one-component cements but also against to the reference blended cement with limestone.
However, recently established data about behaviour of some high-compressive strength concretes lead to the conclusion that thaumasite can be formed, on the condition of a specific mix composition, in case of repetitive freeze-thaw cycles (which means under winter climate conditions).

The parameters of Coffin-Manson equation were determined based on the experimental data.
Acceleration stage shows rapid reduction in stress amplitude lead to final ductile rupture of the specimen.

The study uses the data from a coastal forest catchment.
i ix y i n= be a set of collected accident data.
There are many methods to pre-process data, such as data cleaning (cleaning incomplete, noisy, or inconsistent data), data integration (integrating different data sources), data normalization (scaling data value in a range, such as [0, 1]), data reduction (reducing huge dataset to smaller representation), etc.
This paper adopted data cleaning to pre-process meteorological data.
The original rainfall data is used as the predicted variables.

The new production process and the use of new materials introduce improvements such as 55% reduction in the actuator's weight, a higher reliability, a 75% reduction in the production time and PPAMs can now be produced in all sizes from 4 to 50 cm.
Modeling of static characteristics of such complex systems is realized on the basis of data from producer, by using simulation programs, or empirically based on measured data on a real actuator.
These springs produce restoring forces, which tend to return the muscle to its original length. [24, 27, 28] Spring in serial connection with the contractile element causes muscle length reduction and force decreasing, while the parallel spring causes slow progressive muscle length reduction without further force decreasing. [29] Considering second Newton law we can write for Hill´s model: (1) kde: m – mass of moving load, y – muscle motion, FD – force of damper, FPC – forces of parallel element, FCE – force of contractile element, FE – external force.

The interpretations of information presented in this article are based on the combined data set of many papers published recently.
Primary data were obtained through mapping of different reports and analysis of the studies and relevant documents that were publish from reputable institutions, mainly carried in online version. 1.
The solution is available for many applications to manual and automatized production system and makes it possible to [14]: · Reduced costs Thanks to consistent standardization and a reduction in complexity, investment costs can be lowered by up to 15% compared to more traditional concepts.
A reduction to one process step per module results in high transparency and availability
They declared significant reductions in the design effort by using pre-built components - modules.

Conversely, pseudocapacitors involve the transfer of faradic charge across porous electrodes through electrochemical reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions [5].
In Fig. 1b, the data illustrates distinct patterns of N-doped rGO synthesized via a microwave-assisted solvothermal.
Additionally, the XRD data exposes the presence of peaks originating from other compounds, specifically CuO (monoclinic) (ICDD PDF 065-2309) and Cr2O5 (monoclinic) (ICDD PDF 00-036-1329).
Consequently, this alteration leads to a reduction in lattice spacing, which becomes more closely aligned with the lattice spacing of graphite at 3.36757 Å.
Conversely, as a result of the doping and microwave irradiation processes, the crystallite size of N-doped rGO experiences a reduction.

The acquired load-displacement data was subsequently converted into stress-strain data.
Upon exposure to UV light, the AgNO₃ receives sufficient energy to allow for the reduction of Ag+ within the solution.
This reduction process is termed as a photochemical reaction, which forms a metallic black or gray silver coating [20].
Similarly, the 50 mm specimens experienced only a minor reduction in strength.
Both the slenderness ratio and AgNO₃ addition influence the reduction in strength.