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Experimental results indicated that there’s a significant reduction of the wear rate of diamond tools by means of ultrasonic vibration in TC4 turning process.
Figure 2 shows the curves of the influence of ultrasonic vibration frequency and amplitude on tool wear (the experimental data are the tool wear average of three workpieces).

Thereby reduction of the overall energy is driven by the decrease in the grain boundary area [60, 61].
Grain boundary mobility versus grain size data assuming that the grain boundary energy was 0.3 J/m2 is shown in Fig. 23 [88].
‘‘drag-free”) for undoped and some doped aluminas, along with the measured data for undoped alumina Reprinted with permission from [89] and (b) Reduction in the grain boundary mobility showing grain boundary pinning due to CNT.
To get the grain boundary mobility, n is taken to be 2 (though parabolic kinetics do not give best fit for normal grain growth data since n>2 due to drag effect).
Since the experimental parameters can provide the details of processing conditions (i.e. temperature, and time of processing), and the resulting grain size data can be evaluated through consequent analysis, a direct comparison can be evolved to comment on the role of the grain size and secondary reinforcements in impeding grain growth.

(4) Data storage module.
RS232 data interface is adopted for data transmission.
Connect the input RS232 data line of the monitor with DSP output interface, and connect the output RS232 data line of the monitor with DSP input interface.
Data transmission level for serial interface communication are eight bits, when building a communication protocol, the former 2 bits are defined for flag bits, and the rests are corresponding numerical data.
Design of Data Storage Module Data storage module is the vital intermediate link for delivering the fertilization information supplied by the soil fertility information system.

Electrochemical impedance spectra were analyzed by fitting the suitable equivalent circuit models to the experimental data using Gamry Echem Analyst.
Fig. 3 shows the equivalent circuit models to fit with the experimental data.
However, after several days of exposure in geothermal solution, the equivalent circuit model A could not satisfactorily fit the experimental data of CS and PANI.
Equivalent circuit models used in the data fitting.
GoF (goodness of fit) is a parameter showing the error value of fitting with respect to the experimental data.

This RA sends feedback information of each section to the emergency vehicle VOA, so that VOA can make routing decisions through the new traffic data.
After the command center determines which period the vehicle run in and disaster sites, they invoke relevant historical traffic data in this period, then determine the initial route scheme of a emergency vehicle from the rescue center to the disaster site according to the above method.
According to the real-time data of road conditions, the predicted travel time value of each section in the current period can be gotten. if the route is gotten by calculating is different with the initial scheme, and the total travel time of the new route is reduced to an acceptable range compared to the original route, then accept the new path scheme and run according to the new route, otherwise, maintain the original route.
For using artificial data, this experiment gets vehicle average speeds in roads by generating randomly.
Taking the saving time 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% as benchmark for route change scheme, the result shows that the demand rate the emergency vehicle to the route change is higher with benchmark reduction of route change scheme.

The Taguchi method was used to establish a design of simulation schemes, and numerical simulations were carried; a sensitivity analysis was carried out with analysis of variances to seek the significance of parameters; the evaluation function was inducted to synthetically evaluate the affections of the thickness variation and the branch height and normalization method are applied to ensure equality of two sets of data in the evaluation function.
Fig. 1 Compound forming of Fig. 2 Tube blank Fig. 3 Finite Fig. 4 Thickness T-branch tube dimensions element model reduction during forming Determination of tubular blank parameters Tubular blank parameters analysis and experimental design The main blank parameters affecting the forming process are initial tube length l0, initial wall thickness t and die entry radius R
Considering the actual manufacture, an oversize dimension of die entry radius (when R equal to 9 mm) results in unsightly appearance and more reduction in the length of the main tube.
To ensure equality of two sets of data in the evaluation function, normalization method is applied to the data .Values of and b are transformed into values in the range of 0 to 1 with Eq. 3
(3) Where is the maximum value of each set of data, and is the minimum one.

It is the basic guarantee for reduction in fire casualties to improve the rescue ability effectively.
This system can record and analyze the process data, according to the accumulation of the historical information, directors can make effective decision and evaluation.
These connection will complete the data collection, calculation and connection function.
They will send information to gateway through wireless sensor network, which deals with these data and sends them to distal base through the local transmission network.
Then the base sent the data to the database server, finally the data is transmitted to firefighters through a terminal interface.

The paper divided e-commerce users into new users, general users, Silver users and Gold users, and recommended using different recommendation strategies according to the difference of users Data preprocessing Data preprocessing steps include: data cleaning, user identification, operation identification, perfect path, user transaction mode recognition.
After data preprocessing of the commodity recommendation system, the user transaction mode can be obtained, and generates files for each user transaction mode.
In the e-commerce system, the relevant data of new users is collected less, so we need to adopt a targeted approach of recommendation.
In this method, customer vector dimension reduction using factor analysis to get a few representative customer factors, then regression analysis is used by those customer factors on target customers to predict the assessment score of goods, and then recommend commodity which users are interested in.
Experimental data taken from access to records in a month, after pretreatment, get about 900 user transaction modes.

According to the Mössbauer spectroscopy data, they are related to the formation of a component of magnetic moments that is perpendicular to the ribbon surface.
The reduction of the Hmax in the finemet is explained by quenching of the relaxation stresses, leading to a decrease in the local magnetoelastic anisotropy.

Experimental data analysis show that, in a mixture of H2O-D2O, each population participates differently to the solution process.
The process of one electron-Oxygen reduction proceeds in several steps, which lead to the production of two water molecules which belong to the population that is localised at the interface of the coherent domains, and this increases its number beyond what may be expected.