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Experimental Study on the Position of Balanced Point of Large-tonnage Pile with Self-balanced Load Method in the Northwest Region Ying Xin 1,a, Feng Yue 1,b, Ping Li 1,c and Gongsheng Wang 2 1 School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, No.287 Langongping Street, Lanzhou and 730050, China 2 Gansu Building Research Institute, Lanzhou and 730050, China a xyinglut@163.com, b YueFeng_666@163.com, c liping@lut.cn Keywords: Loess region, Large-tonnage pile, Self-balanced load test, Balanced point position Abstract.
However, few engineering practices could be found in the northwest loess region.
However, few engineering practices could be found in the loess of the northwest region.
Bruce: Ground Engineering.
Poulos: Proceedings of the Institition of Geotechnical Engineering (2008), p. 17-27 [5] K.S.

Application of Genetic Algorithm in Optimum Design of Structure Xuebing Liu1, a, Fankui Zeng2, b, Fuqiang Li 3,c, Jing Wang 1,d 1School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China ； 2College of Architectural Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China ； 3China Northeast Architectural Design and Research Institute Company Limited, Qingdao,China a xbliu@126.com, bfankuizeng@126.com Keywords: Genetic Algorithm; Optimum Algorithm; Structure; Optimum Design.
Reference [1] Fang Li, Daosheng Ling, in: Survey of the Developing in Engineering Structural Optimization Design .Engineering Design.
Hebei Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering.Vol.(2005), p.11 [4] Yingjie Lei, etc, in: Matlab GA Toolbox and Application, edtied by XIDIAN University Press, Xi’an(2005), p.1 [5] Jingzhong Xing, Yonggang Wang, etc, in: Analysis Example for Engineering Applications of ANSYS7.0, edtied by Machinery Industry Press,Beijing(2004), p.440 [6] Yong Jang, Bo Zhang, in: Examples Analysis of ANSYS7.0, edtied by TXINGHUA University Press, Beijing(2004), p. 447 [7] Fuqiang Li, Weibing Hu, in:Structure Optimal Design Based on ANSYS.
Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Structural Engineering, edtied by Engineering Mechanics, Beijing (2007), p.464

Finite element analysis of ice-cone interaction GANG WANG1, 2, a, CHI YU3, b 1 Civil and Architecture Engineering College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of technology, Dalian, 116024, China 3 Environmental and Chemical Engineering College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China awanggang_1977@163.com, byuchiyuchi@163.com Keywords： ice sheet, ice load, cone, dynamics interaction, numerical simulation , LS-DYNA Abstract.
Xiangyu ：China Offshore Oil and Gas (Engineering).
G: Proc. of the 21st Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.
Jizu : China Offshore Oil and Gas (Engineering).
Qianjin: Engineering Mechanics.

Study on Safe Thickness of Comparatively Intact Rock ahead of Karst Tunnel Face Jiaqi Guo1,a, Lianwei Ren1,b and Xiliang Liu1,c 1School of civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo, Henan,454000,China agjq519@163.com, brenlw@hpu.edu.cn, cxlliu@hpu.edu.cn Keywords: karst tunnel face; comparatively intact rock; safe thickness; reissner thick plate Abstract.
Engineering application in Maluqing tunnel of Yiwan line Maluqing tunnel is located at the border of Enshi city and Lichuan city in Hubei province.
Table 1 Reserved thickness of comparativel rock wall Integrity of surrounding rock Reserved safe thicknessof rock wall under different water pressure [m] 0.5 MPa 1.0 MPa 1.5 MPa 2.0 MPa Comparatively intact 1 1.5 2.5 3.0 According to the above table, engineering value of rock wall for 0.35 MPa obtained by interpolation method is equal to 0.74m.
m Combined with foregoing research conclusions and results of this case, safe thickness of rock wall by empirical method is much bigger than the reserved thickness in projects; Safe thickness of rock wall calculated by reissner thick plate is close to engineering value (if safe coefficient is 1.0, the calculated value is 0.854 m by this method, which is much closer to the reserved value).
When workers explore karst development situation in front of tunnel face, depth of advanced geological drilling should be greater than this value; Correspondingly, engineering value is available to be the lower limit of safe thickness; Because the value calculated by this method is close to engineering value and engineering value only takes account of water pressure, so, it is suggested that safe thickness should chose the mean value of value calculated by reissner thick plate and engineering value.

Risk Study on Underground Construction Using Reliability Theory Li Meng1a, Wang Jialin1b 1College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen,361021,China amli@hqu.edu.cn, b21251899@qq.com Keywords: Parallel and series connection system; Reliability distribution; Underground construction; Risk Abstract.
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2009, 5(2) : 385-389
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2006, 2 (1) : 13-16
Chinese Journal of Underground S pace and Engineering, 2006, 2( 1) : 060-064
[8] Zhou Yang, Huang Hongwei.Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2007, 5(3): 854-858

Experimental Study on Pounding between Structures During Damaging Earthquakes Robert Jankowski1,a, Ayman Seleemah2,b, Saher El-Khoriby2,c, Hytham Elwardany2,d 1Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland 2Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt ajankowr@pg.gda.pl,bseleemah55@yahoo.com,cdrsaher2012@yahoo.com,dhythamel@yahoo.com Keywords: structural pounding; experiment; series of structures; earthquakes.
Maison: Engineering Structures Vol. 19 (1997), p. 195
Bitzarakis: Journal of Engineering Mechanics Vol. 122 (1996), p. 423
Jankowski: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 347 (2007), p. 339
Jankowski: Engineering Structures Vol. 37 (2012), p. 99

Study on Buckling of Two Kinds of Thin-walled steel Members with Imperfection Peng Niu1,2 a*,HaiTao Wang3,b,Chunfu Jin 4,c, Ying Guo1,d 1School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang, China 2Pollution Environmental Governance and Key Laboratory of Regional Ecological Security, Shenyang, China 3China Northeast Architectural Design & Research Institute, Shenyang, China 4 Highway Engineering Quality Inspection Center of Liaoning Provincial Communications College, Shenyang, China anp777@126.com, bbinaoqao@163.com, ckim777@126.com,dguoying0829@163.com Key words: steel member; elastic-plastic buckling; initial imperfection; FEM; Ježek method Abstract.
Introduction The steel structures with the initial geometric imperfection are usually used in practical engineering.
Appropriately adjusted and simplified (the subsequent work of this paper), the formulae will be more conveniently applied in the design of engineering.
Engineering Mechanics.
Key Engineering Materials .Vols. 452-453 (2011) , p.485-488 [5] Niu Peng, Jin chunfu,Yang Gang, Zhang Di:Engineering mechanics ,Vol.30(2013),P.195(in Chinese)

The disadvantages of sole FRP material (e.g. insufficient ductility or strength) restrict its engineering application.
It is not suitable to use three kinds or above three kinds of fiber as HFRP in engineering.
So it is recommended to be used in engineering
Xu: Journal of Shandong University of Architecture and Engineering.
Vol. 3 (2010), p. 103 (In Chinese) [6] Denvid Lau, Hoat Joen Pam: Engineering Structures.

Chinese Journal of rock mechanics and Engineering, 1995, 16(3): 43-48.
Engineering Geology, 2000, 56(3): 257-274
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2012, 45: 582-606.
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 11 July 2014
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 14 January 2014

Al-Salloum1 1Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2National Water Company, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia aEmail: miqbal@ksu.edu.sa Keywords: Bond Strength; Compressive Strength; Concrete Structure; Modulus of Rupture; Polymer Modified; Rehabilitation; Repair Material; Tensile Strength Abstract.
Introduction The deterioration of concrete structures is the most important challenge to civil engineers.