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Online since: May 2013
Authors: Hong Ying Hao, Zi Qiang Shao
It could speculate that there was methane group in carboxymethyl cellulose structure.
Thermo gravimetric analysis of CMCECm Cellulose has high stability with structure of complex intermolecular aggregation because of a linear skeleton structure and glucose molecules linking by rigid connections.
As a result, a linear skeleton structure of cellulose did not be brown after the derivative reaction for cellulose, instead of the structural damage of intramolecular hydrogen bond and crystal structure partially, unless getting pecific temperature.
Then the thermal degradation of the product began with the breaking of the skeleton structure.
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2004,43(9):2247-2255
Thermo gravimetric analysis of CMCECm Cellulose has high stability with structure of complex intermolecular aggregation because of a linear skeleton structure and glucose molecules linking by rigid connections.
As a result, a linear skeleton structure of cellulose did not be brown after the derivative reaction for cellulose, instead of the structural damage of intramolecular hydrogen bond and crystal structure partially, unless getting pecific temperature.
Then the thermal degradation of the product began with the breaking of the skeleton structure.
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2004,43(9):2247-2255
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Li Ying Zhang, Xiu Ying Liu, Zhi Qin Fan, Wei Guo Sun
They were selected because they reflect different structure of framework, pore volume and channel size.
The zeolites structure was assumed to be rigid structure during the adsorption process.
Table 1 The chemical composition and pore structure of zeolite.
Conclusions The adsorption properties of methane have been studied for a variety of zeolites possessing different structures and compositions.
The effects of pore structure, channel size and interaction energies between zeolite and methane molecules on the adsorbed amounts in these zeolites were compared.
The zeolites structure was assumed to be rigid structure during the adsorption process.
Table 1 The chemical composition and pore structure of zeolite.
Conclusions The adsorption properties of methane have been studied for a variety of zeolites possessing different structures and compositions.
The effects of pore structure, channel size and interaction energies between zeolite and methane molecules on the adsorbed amounts in these zeolites were compared.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Y.M. Liew, C.Y. Heah, Hussen Kamarudin, Mohammed Binhussain, Ismail Khairul Nizar, Luqman Musa
Introduction
Geopolymer is synthesized by the polycondensation reaction of silico-aluminate structures [1].
Kaolin has low reactivity due to its plate-like structure, leading to low surface area of reaction.
Mechanical activation for improving bulk and surface reactivity is well accepted where this method offers the possibility to alter the reactivity of solids through changes in bulk and surface without altering overall chemistry of the material [11].
Initially, the raw kaolin has plate-like structure, where needle like phase can be seen clearly.
Kumar, Mechanical activation of fly ash: Effect on reaction, structure and properties of resulting geopolymer.
Kaolin has low reactivity due to its plate-like structure, leading to low surface area of reaction.
Mechanical activation for improving bulk and surface reactivity is well accepted where this method offers the possibility to alter the reactivity of solids through changes in bulk and surface without altering overall chemistry of the material [11].
Initially, the raw kaolin has plate-like structure, where needle like phase can be seen clearly.
Kumar, Mechanical activation of fly ash: Effect on reaction, structure and properties of resulting geopolymer.
Online since: May 2006
Authors: Rodrigo Martins, António Marques, João Bela, Gonçalo Gonçalves, Ana Pimentel, Elvira Fortunato, Alexandra Gonçalves, Manuela A. Silva, Michael J. Smith, João Paulo Borges
Borges3
1
Materials Science Department/CENIMAT and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Campus da Caparica,
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
2
Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
3
TEKELEC, Chão de Murches P.O.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the structure used.
Schematic illustration of the electrochromic structure device (left) and example of a working device (right).
All the structures under analysis presented good stability as well as a stable open-circuit memory.
X-ray diffraction pattern measured on the four layer structure.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the structure used.
Schematic illustration of the electrochromic structure device (left) and example of a working device (right).
All the structures under analysis presented good stability as well as a stable open-circuit memory.
X-ray diffraction pattern measured on the four layer structure.
Online since: May 2004
Authors: Miha Drofenik, Darko Makovec, Aljoša Košak, M. Kristl
Kristl1
1Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia
2
Joef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Keywords: Electron Microscopy, Graphite, Mechanical Alloying, Soot, X-Ray Diffraction
ABSTRACT
The formation of carbon nanostructures during high energy milling has been studied.
During milling the graphite gradually increases the interlayer spacing due to intercalation of carbon into the pristine graphite structure.
The formation of such a highly bent structure originates inherently from the distinctive structure of graphite consisting of hexagonal linked layers, bonded through localized in-plane �(sp2) - hybrid bonds and delocalized out-of-plane �(pz) orbitals, where the sp 2- bonds are even stronger than the sp 3 hybrid bonds in the diamond.
Such a structure configuration leads to a high in-plane strength and a relatively weak out-of-plane interaction.
Since mechanical alloying is a process that might damage the as-formed HCCN structure, the procedure of mechanical alloying needs to be carefully optimized. 4.
During milling the graphite gradually increases the interlayer spacing due to intercalation of carbon into the pristine graphite structure.
The formation of such a highly bent structure originates inherently from the distinctive structure of graphite consisting of hexagonal linked layers, bonded through localized in-plane �(sp2) - hybrid bonds and delocalized out-of-plane �(pz) orbitals, where the sp 2- bonds are even stronger than the sp 3 hybrid bonds in the diamond.
Such a structure configuration leads to a high in-plane strength and a relatively weak out-of-plane interaction.
Since mechanical alloying is a process that might damage the as-formed HCCN structure, the procedure of mechanical alloying needs to be carefully optimized. 4.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ju Chi Kuang
In other words, when alloy is formed, electrons transfer from Ni and La to P so that electron structure of metals of the electrode is changed.
Therefore, RE is introduced into the electrode of Ni-P and it will lead to change electronic structures and distributions in the electrode.
b) A RE is introduced into the Ni-P electrode and it will lead to change electronic structures and distributions of the electrode.
Progress in Chemistry, Vol. 5 (2008), p. 778
[6] YANG Qinpeng, LI Yingjian, LI Junqin, et al.: The Effect of La, Nd and Eu Rare Earth on the Structure and Performance of Ni-P Coating.
Therefore, RE is introduced into the electrode of Ni-P and it will lead to change electronic structures and distributions in the electrode.
b) A RE is introduced into the Ni-P electrode and it will lead to change electronic structures and distributions of the electrode.
Progress in Chemistry, Vol. 5 (2008), p. 778
[6] YANG Qinpeng, LI Yingjian, LI Junqin, et al.: The Effect of La, Nd and Eu Rare Earth on the Structure and Performance of Ni-P Coating.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Hong Mei Zhang, Jing Bo Zhao, Shao Bo Qu, Hong Liang Du
the chemistry of Pb is known to be very important to the properties of Pb-based piezoelectric alloys because most of the relevant piezoelectric alloys have only Pb on the A site of their perovskite structure.
However, the structure changes rapidly with the addition of BG.
When x>0.015, it becomes a rhombohedral structure; the transitional point for the structure change can be identified to be near x=0.015.
However, the structure changes rapidly with the addition of BG.
When x>0.015, it becomes a rhombohedral structure; the transitional point for the structure change can be identified to be near x=0.015.
However, the structure changes rapidly with the addition of BG.
When x>0.015, it becomes a rhombohedral structure; the transitional point for the structure change can be identified to be near x=0.015.
However, the structure changes rapidly with the addition of BG.
When x>0.015, it becomes a rhombohedral structure; the transitional point for the structure change can be identified to be near x=0.015.
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Ernat Kozhahmetov, Batyrzhan Karakozov, Sherzod Rustambekovich Kurbanbekov
In addition, their phase composition and structure were studied [8-10].
One of the main advantages of this technology is relative short time of sintering, granting the fine structure.
The metallographic analysis of the surfaces, sintered at 1100 and 1200 °C shows a nonuniform structure that is composed from fine and coarse grains with irregular lamellar structure.
Lamellar structure is supposedly intermetallic phases of α2, Nb2Al and dispersed precipitates of Ti2AlNb phase.
Group IV: Physical Chemistry.
One of the main advantages of this technology is relative short time of sintering, granting the fine structure.
The metallographic analysis of the surfaces, sintered at 1100 and 1200 °C shows a nonuniform structure that is composed from fine and coarse grains with irregular lamellar structure.
Lamellar structure is supposedly intermetallic phases of α2, Nb2Al and dispersed precipitates of Ti2AlNb phase.
Group IV: Physical Chemistry.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Xiao Feng Zhao, Lei Tian, Yu Song, Qian Ru Lin, Jing Ya Cao, Dian Zhong Wen
Basic Structure
Figure 1 shows the basic structure of the MOSFET Hall device, which contains the source(S), drain(D),
gate(G) and the ohm-contact Hall output probes (VH1 and VH2) on both sides of the channel.
The basic structure of the 2D magnetic sensor is shown in Fig.2.
O S SD D VHy1Hy GHx VHx1 G VHx2 VHy2 z x \� Fig. 2: Basic structure of the 2D magnetic sensors.
This structure can detect strength of the 2D magnetic field.
Procedia Chemistry, Vol.1(2009), p.847-850
The basic structure of the 2D magnetic sensor is shown in Fig.2.
O S SD D VHy1Hy GHx VHx1 G VHx2 VHy2 z x \� Fig. 2: Basic structure of the 2D magnetic sensors.
This structure can detect strength of the 2D magnetic field.
Procedia Chemistry, Vol.1(2009), p.847-850
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Xi Hua Lu, Gao Qiu, Qian Wu, Dong An, Peng Wang, Jun Li Zhang, Xue Ting Li, Di Zhao
Synthesis and Characterization of Surfactant-free PDEA/PMAA
of IPN Nanogel
Peng Wang1, a, Junli Zhang1, Xueting Li2, Qian Wu2, Di Zhao2, Dong An2,
Xihua Lu1, 2, b* and Gao Qiu1, c*.
1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua university, Shanghai 201620, China
2College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua university,
Shanghai 201620, China
ahfutwp@163.com, bxhlu2002@gmail.com, cgqiu@dhu.edu.cn
Keywords: PDEA, MAA, IPN, Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization.
The chemical structure of the PDEA/PMAA nanogels was studied with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) technology, i.e. two kinds of cross-linked polymer through interpenetrating forms a three-dimensional network structure, is an important way to prepare thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels [9].
That is because PDEA and PMAA are mutually independent in IPN structure at pH=7.0, so the IPN nanogels maintain the original VPTT.
The chemical structure of the PDEA/PMAA nanogels was studied with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) technology, i.e. two kinds of cross-linked polymer through interpenetrating forms a three-dimensional network structure, is an important way to prepare thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels [9].
That is because PDEA and PMAA are mutually independent in IPN structure at pH=7.0, so the IPN nanogels maintain the original VPTT.