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Microstructure evolution and high temperature mechanical properties are investigated and reported for various Heat Resistant Cast Steels.
Mechanical Properties High temperature mechanical properties For all grades, high temperature mechanical tensile tests have been performed on specimens machined parallel to the outer surface.
This confirms that the relevant microstructural feature controlling the mechanical properties are the secondary arm grains.
At high temperatures the higher is the nickel content the higher are the mechanical properties.
Thermo-mechanical loading also affects the oxide thermally grown on the surface of dies.

Multiscale modelling of the influence of damage on the thermal properties of ceramic matrix composites Jalal El Yagoubi1,a, Jacques Lamon1,b Jean-Christophe Batsale2,c 1University of Bordeaux/CNRS – LCTS, France – 33600 Pessac 2ENSAM - TREFLE, France – 33405 Talence a elyagoubi@lcts.u-bordeaux1.fr, b jacques.lamon@insa.fr, c jean-christophe.batsale@bordeaux.ensam.fr Keywords: CMC, Mechanical damage, Thermal properties, Interfacial properties, Thermography.
For this purpose, thermal management is a preponderant factor in material or structure design.
At larger scale, material characteristics are affected by damage: rigidity (mechanical effect) and thermal conductivity (thermal effect) decrease.
- Thus, the number of parameters required for modeling can be reduced, since the contribution of constituent properties to composite behavior can be well identified.
(Circles: experiment ; solid lines: simulation) (d) (c) (a) (b) Figure 5: Tensile stress-strain behavior (a), crack density (line) and Acoustic Emission data (circle) (b), and mechanical (c) and thermal properties (d) of Minicomposite M2.

Moreover, bending strength increased up to 9% for hybrid laminates revealing that nanostructures can add functionalities to traditional composite laminates without affecting their mechanical performances.
Different techniques can be used to incorporate interlaminar nanofibers among CFR plies even if porosity can affect the final required mechanical and interlaminar properties.
Diffusion and viscosity are limited by nanofibers and for this reason advantages and disadvantages have to be balanced by the proper design of nano-reinforcements integration to pursue the enhancements of mechanical properties without affecting laminate processing.
Conclusions In the composite manufacturing, material innovations have to improve properties of already high-performance materials without affecting the common industrial practice.
The right addition of nanostructures allows to functionalize traditional composite laminates without affecting, or, in the best case, enhancing mechanical performances.

Qiub School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China aYjb97522@sohu.com, bkqqiu@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: AZ91 composites; steel web reinforcement; mechanical properties; slip bands activation Abstract.
The mechanical properties of the resultant composites were much improved in regarding to the elastic modulus, 0.2% offset yield strength, ultimate compressive strength and the strains compared to the unreinforced counterpart.
The interaction between the web and the dislocations in the matrix and the load transfer from the matrix to the reinforcement are the strengthening factors.
However, they showed limited success in improving the overall mechanical properties, especially the plasticity due to the high brittleness of ceramic-Mg formulations.
The mechanical properties for the materials discussed are summarized in Table 1.

However, asphalt-concrete pavements, like any material, being exposed to weather-climatic factors and transport loads, are destroyed.
Physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete.
The covering of motor roads during their operation is mainly influenced by two groups of factors - weather, climate and mechanical factors, caused by loads from vehicles.
Under the influence of these two groups of factors, irreversible changes occur in the properties and structure of the asphalt concrete in the upper layer, which reduces its durability.
Zhukova, The influence of stabilizing additives on the physico-mechanical properties of stone mastic asphalt concrete, J.

MAX phases, include Ti3SiC2, Ti2AlC etc, are machinable ternary carbides or nitrides with excellent properties.
Due to the unique nano-layered crystal structure, this materiasl has excellent mecahnical properties.
Discussion Features and affecting factors.
The main factors affecting the nonlinear deformation are grain size and porosity.
mechanical hysteresis of MAX phases has wiping out and congruency properties and can be modeled by P-M model.

A strong degradation of the mechanical properties is observed for temperatures higher than 275 °C.
The carbide precipitation in martensite can have a detrimental effect in mechanical properties when the material is tested at room temperature, but if carbides stay small enough no consequences in mechanical properties at room temperature would be observed.
Rachik, Influence of stress state on mechanical properties of dual phase steel sheets.
Ekrami, High temperature mechanical properties of dual phase steels, Mater.
Vahdani, Room-temperature mechanical properties of dual-phase steels deformed at high temperatures, Mater.

This is not only requests to improve the mechanical properties of concrete materials, but also needs to find a new kind of reinforcement material to replace the reinforced bars.
They further discussed pre-strain of SMA, cross sectional area of SMA and other factors, which has an effect on the deformation of SMA concrete beam.
They studied a new type of alloy-NiTiNb, and compared its mechanical properties with those of NiTi SMA.
They researched the mechanical properties of superelastic SMA concrete beams and ordinary concrete beams under the process of single point loading.
Then, they did a large number of studies to determine its mechanical properties and its constitutive model.

Calculation about the Effect of Stress Concentration Coefficient on the Fatigue Properties for Welded Cruciform Joints of 16MnR Steel Yingxia Yu 1,a, Bolin He1,b,Xiaodong Zhang2,c 1School of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering, East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,china 2Pu Zhen Carriage Works, CSR Corporation Limited ayyxhbl@163.com, bhebolin@163.com, cnanchang156312@163.com Keywords: tangent line angle; welded cruciform joints; stress concentration coefficient; fatigue properties; FEM Abstract:Stress concentration coefficient of welded joints has a crucial influence on mechanical properties of welded structures.
Geometrical parameters of welded joints seriously affect the stress concentration coefficient.
In order to increase the mechanical properties and safety of welded structures, it has great significance for reducing stress concentration coefficient and improving the mechanical properties of welded structures by researching and improving the geometry of welded joints.
There are a lot of factors influencing fatigue strength of welded structures, but stress concentration is the most important one.
There are many factors which has the effect on stress concentration phenomenon of welded cruciform joints, including the weld tangent line angle and weld leg size and so on, as shown in Fig. 1.

Effect of Electrolysis Modes on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Composite Coatings Based on Nickel A.V.
Heat treatment at 800 - 900 0С has a negative effect on the physical and mechanical properties of CEС.
To create CEС with these or other characteristics, it is necessary to take into account a whole set of factors.
In galvanic coatings, it is known that internal stresses (IS) arise which can reach quite high values, which adversely affects the physical and mechanical properties of the coatings, in particular, wear resistance and protective ability decrease.
Physico-mechanical properties of CEC nickel-cobalt-oxide silicon-carbide silicon have been studied.